Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)

Autores
Barri, Fernando Rafael; Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás; Navarro, Joaquin Luis; Martella, Monica Beatriz
Año de publicación
2012
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Gregariousness is a known anti-predator strategy, but factors other than the size of groups, such as the levels of predation pressure or habitat, can affect vigilance and foraging behaviour in birds. We studied the effects of group size, habitat (shrubland steppe v. meadows), and risk of hunting by humans (protected core area v. edge area exposed to poaching) on vigilance and foraging behaviour of wild populations of the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata), a near-threatened ratite, in north-western Patagonia, Argentina. On average, Lesser Rheas allocated 18% of their time to vigilance and 67% to foraging. Individuals tended to be more vigilant with declining group size, in areas with low visibility that hinders escape by running, and in areas exposed to hunting, than in open habitats with abundant food or sites with low risk of hunting. Although time spent foraging was also influenced by habitat type and hunting risk, there was no direct relationship between foraging time and group size. As in other species of ratite, Lesser Rheas seem to take advantage of flocking as an anti-predation strategy. Our data do not only confirm the influence of group size, but also of habitat structure and hunting risk, in determining the behaviour of this flightless bird in the wild.
Fil: Barri, Fernando Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina
Fil: Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina
Fil: Navarro, Joaquin Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina
Fil: Martella, Monica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina
Materia
ANTI-PREDATION STRATEGY
GREGARIOUSNESS
PATAGONIAN STEPPE
RATITE
TIME ALLOCATION
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/198194
Acceder
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network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)Barri, Fernando RafaelRoldán Rueda, Héctor NicolásNavarro, Joaquin LuisMartella, Monica BeatrizANTI-PREDATION STRATEGYGREGARIOUSNESSPATAGONIAN STEPPERATITETIME ALLOCATIONhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Gregariousness is a known anti-predator strategy, but factors other than the size of groups, such as the levels of predation pressure or habitat, can affect vigilance and foraging behaviour in birds. We studied the effects of group size, habitat (shrubland steppe v. meadows), and risk of hunting by humans (protected core area v. edge area exposed to poaching) on vigilance and foraging behaviour of wild populations of the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata), a near-threatened ratite, in north-western Patagonia, Argentina. On average, Lesser Rheas allocated 18% of their time to vigilance and 67% to foraging. Individuals tended to be more vigilant with declining group size, in areas with low visibility that hinders escape by running, and in areas exposed to hunting, than in open habitats with abundant food or sites with low risk of hunting. Although time spent foraging was also influenced by habitat type and hunting risk, there was no direct relationship between foraging time and group size. As in other species of ratite, Lesser Rheas seem to take advantage of flocking as an anti-predation strategy. Our data do not only confirm the influence of group size, but also of habitat structure and hunting risk, in determining the behaviour of this flightless bird in the wild.Fil: Barri, Fernando Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Navarro, Joaquin Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Martella, Monica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; ArgentinaCsiro Publishing2012-02info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/198194Barri, Fernando Rafael; Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás; Navarro, Joaquin Luis; Martella, Monica Beatriz; Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata); Csiro Publishing; Emu; 112; 1; 2-2012; 67-700158-41971448-5540CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/MU10090.htminfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1071/MU10090info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:42:17Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/198194instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:42:17.463CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
title Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
spellingShingle Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
Barri, Fernando Rafael
ANTI-PREDATION STRATEGY
GREGARIOUSNESS
PATAGONIAN STEPPE
RATITE
TIME ALLOCATION
title_short Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
title_full Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
title_fullStr Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
title_full_unstemmed Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
title_sort Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Barri, Fernando Rafael
Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás
Navarro, Joaquin Luis
Martella, Monica Beatriz
author Barri, Fernando Rafael
author_facet Barri, Fernando Rafael
Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás
Navarro, Joaquin Luis
Martella, Monica Beatriz
author_role author
author2 Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás
Navarro, Joaquin Luis
Martella, Monica Beatriz
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ANTI-PREDATION STRATEGY
GREGARIOUSNESS
PATAGONIAN STEPPE
RATITE
TIME ALLOCATION
topic ANTI-PREDATION STRATEGY
GREGARIOUSNESS
PATAGONIAN STEPPE
RATITE
TIME ALLOCATION
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Gregariousness is a known anti-predator strategy, but factors other than the size of groups, such as the levels of predation pressure or habitat, can affect vigilance and foraging behaviour in birds. We studied the effects of group size, habitat (shrubland steppe v. meadows), and risk of hunting by humans (protected core area v. edge area exposed to poaching) on vigilance and foraging behaviour of wild populations of the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata), a near-threatened ratite, in north-western Patagonia, Argentina. On average, Lesser Rheas allocated 18% of their time to vigilance and 67% to foraging. Individuals tended to be more vigilant with declining group size, in areas with low visibility that hinders escape by running, and in areas exposed to hunting, than in open habitats with abundant food or sites with low risk of hunting. Although time spent foraging was also influenced by habitat type and hunting risk, there was no direct relationship between foraging time and group size. As in other species of ratite, Lesser Rheas seem to take advantage of flocking as an anti-predation strategy. Our data do not only confirm the influence of group size, but also of habitat structure and hunting risk, in determining the behaviour of this flightless bird in the wild.
Fil: Barri, Fernando Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina
Fil: Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina
Fil: Navarro, Joaquin Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina
Fil: Martella, Monica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina
description Gregariousness is a known anti-predator strategy, but factors other than the size of groups, such as the levels of predation pressure or habitat, can affect vigilance and foraging behaviour in birds. We studied the effects of group size, habitat (shrubland steppe v. meadows), and risk of hunting by humans (protected core area v. edge area exposed to poaching) on vigilance and foraging behaviour of wild populations of the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata), a near-threatened ratite, in north-western Patagonia, Argentina. On average, Lesser Rheas allocated 18% of their time to vigilance and 67% to foraging. Individuals tended to be more vigilant with declining group size, in areas with low visibility that hinders escape by running, and in areas exposed to hunting, than in open habitats with abundant food or sites with low risk of hunting. Although time spent foraging was also influenced by habitat type and hunting risk, there was no direct relationship between foraging time and group size. As in other species of ratite, Lesser Rheas seem to take advantage of flocking as an anti-predation strategy. Our data do not only confirm the influence of group size, but also of habitat structure and hunting risk, in determining the behaviour of this flightless bird in the wild.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012-02
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/198194
Barri, Fernando Rafael; Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás; Navarro, Joaquin Luis; Martella, Monica Beatriz; Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata); Csiro Publishing; Emu; 112; 1; 2-2012; 67-70
0158-4197
1448-5540
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/198194
identifier_str_mv Barri, Fernando Rafael; Roldán Rueda, Héctor Nicolás; Navarro, Joaquin Luis; Martella, Monica Beatriz; Effects of group size, habitat and hunting risk on vigilance and foraging behaviour in the Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata); Csiro Publishing; Emu; 112; 1; 2-2012; 67-70
0158-4197
1448-5540
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/MU10090.htm
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1071/MU10090
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Csiro Publishing
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Csiro Publishing
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432

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