GAPS-megacities: A new global platform for investigating persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging concern in urban air

• Autores: Saini, Amandeep; Harner, Tom; Chinnadhurai, Sita; Schuster, Jasmin K.; Yates, Alan; Sweetman, Andrew; Aristizabal Zuluaga, Beatriz H.; Jiménez, Begoña; Manzano, Carlos A.; Gaga, Eftade O.; Stevenson, Gavin; Falandysz, Jerzy; Ma, Jianmin; Miglioranza, Karina Silvia Beatriz; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Tominaga, Maria; Jariyasopit, Narumol; Rojas, Nestor Y.; Amador-Muñoz, Omar; Sinha, Ravindra; Alani, Rose; Suresh, R.; Nishino, Takahiro; Shoeib, Tamer
• Año de publicación: 2020
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: FLAME RETARDANTS; GAPS MEGACITIES; PASSIVE AIR SAMPLING; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPS); URBAN AIR CONTAMINANTS
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

A pilot study was initiated in 2018 under the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network named GAPS-Megacities. This study included 20 megacities/major cities across the globe with the goal of better understanding and comparing ambient air levels of persistent organic pollutants and other chemicals of emerging concern, to which humans residing in large cities are exposed. The first results from the initial period of sampling are reported for 19 cities for several classes of flame retardants (FRs) including organophosphate esters (OPEs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) including new flame retardants (NFRs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD). The two cities, New York (USA) and London (UK) stood out with ∼3.5 to 30 times higher total FR concentrations as compared to other major cities, with total concentrations of OPEs of 15,100 and 14,100 pg/m3, respectively. Atmospheric concentrations of OPEs significantly dominated the FR profile at all sites, with total concentrations in air that were 2-5 orders of magnitude higher compared to other targeted chemical classes. A moderately strong and significant correlation (r = 0.625, p < 0.001) was observed for Gross Domestic Product index of the cities with total OPEs levels. Although large differences in FR levels were observed between some cities, when averaged across the five United Nations regions, the FR classes were more evenly distributed and varied by less than a factor of five. Results for Toronto, which is a "reference city" for this study, agreed well with a more in-depth investigation of the level of FRs over different seasons and across eight sites representing different urban source sectors (e.g. traffic, industrial, residential and background). Future sampling periods under this project will investigate trace metals and other contaminant classes, linkages to toxicology, non-targeted analysis, and eventually temporal trends. The study provides a unique urban platform for evaluating global exposome.
Fil: Saini, Amandeep. Environment and Climate Change; Canadá
Fil: Harner, Tom. Environment and Climate Change; Canadá
Fil: Chinnadhurai, Sita. Environment and Climate Change; Canadá
Fil: Schuster, Jasmin K.. Environment and Climate Change; Canadá
Fil: Yates, Alan. Environment and Climate Change; Canadá
Fil: Sweetman, Andrew. Lancaster Environment Centre; Reino Unido
Fil: Aristizabal Zuluaga, Beatriz H.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombia
Fil: Jiménez, Begoña. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España
Fil: Manzano, Carlos A.. Universidad de Chile; Chile
Fil: Gaga, Eftade O.. Eskisehir Technical University; Turquía
Fil: Stevenson, Gavin. National Measurement Institute; Australia
Fil: Falandysz, Jerzy. Uniwersytet Gdanski; Polonia
Fil: Ma, Jianmin. Peking University; China
Fil: Miglioranza, Karina Silvia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina
Fil: Kannan, Kurunthachalam. Nyu Grossman School Of Medicine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Tominaga, Maria. Sao Paulo State Environmental Company; Brasil
Fil: Jariyasopit, Narumol. No especifíca;
Fil: Rojas, Nestor Y.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombia
Fil: Amador-Muñoz, Omar. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México
Fil: Sinha, Ravindra. Patna University; India
Fil: Alani, Rose. University of Lagos; Nigeria
Fil: Suresh, R.. No especifíca;
Fil: Nishino, Takahiro. Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection; Japón
Fil: Shoeib, Tamer. American University In Cairo; Egipto