Gut microbiome variation modulates the effects of dietary fiber on host metabolism

• Autores: Murga Garrido, Sofia M.; Hong, Qilin; Cross, Tzu Wen L.; Hutchison, Evan R.; Han, Jessica; Thomas, Sydney P.; Vivas, Eugenio I.; Denu, John; Ceschin, Danilo Guillermo; Tang, Zheng Zheng; Rey, Federico E.
• Año de publicación: 2021
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: GENERAL CONSENSUS; CARDIOMETABOLIC HEALTH; GNOTOBIOTIC MICE HARBORING
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Background: There is general consensus that consumption of dietary fermentable fiber improves cardiometabolic health, in part by promoting mutualistic microbes and by increasing production of beneficial metabolites in the distal gut. However, human studies have reported variations in the observed benefits among individuals consuming the same fiber. Several factors likely contribute to this variation, including host genetic and gut microbial differences. We hypothesized that gut microbial metabolism of dietary fiber represents an important and differential factor that modulates how dietary fiber impacts the host. Results: We examined genetically identical gnotobiotic mice harboring two distinct complex gut microbial communities and exposed to four isocaloric diets, each containing different fibers: (i) cellulose, (ii) inulin, (iii) pectin, (iv) a mix of 5 fermentable fibers (assorted fiber). Gut microbiome analysis showed that each transplanted community preserved a core of common taxa across diets that differentiated it from the other community, but there were variations in richness and bacterial taxa abundance within each community among the different diet treatments. Host epigenetic, transcriptional, and metabolomic analyses revealed diet-directed differences between animals colonized with the two communities, including variation in amino acids and lipid pathways that were associated with divergent health outcomes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that interindividual variation in the gut microbiome is causally linked to differential effects of dietary fiber on host metabolic phenotypes and suggests that a one-fits-all fiber supplementation approach to promote health is unlikely to elicit consistent effects across individuals. Overall, the presented results underscore the importance of microbe-diet interactions on host metabolism and suggest that gut microbes modulate dietary fiber efficacy. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.]
Fil: Murga Garrido, Sofia M.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hong, Qilin. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Cross, Tzu Wen L.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos. Purdue University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hutchison, Evan R.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Han, Jessica. Wisconsin Institute for Discovery; Estados Unidos
Fil: Thomas, Sydney P.. Wisconsin Institute for Discovery; Estados Unidos
Fil: Vivas, Eugenio I.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Denu, John. Wisconsin Institute for Discovery; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ceschin, Danilo Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; Argentina. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Tang, Zheng Zheng. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos. Wisconsin Institute for Discovery; Estados Unidos
Fil: Rey, Federico E.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos