Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?

Autores
Mir, Franco Rafael; Rivarola, María Angélica
Año de publicación
2022
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
In recent years, the gender perspective in scientific research and sex differences in biological studies on emotional disorders have become increasingly important. However, sex bias in basic research on anxiety and depression is still far from being covered. This review addresses the study of sex differences in the field of anxiety and depression using animal models that consider this issue so far. What can preclinical studies tell us and what are their main limitations? First, we describe the behavioral tests most frequently used in preclinical research to assess depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Then, we analyze the main findings, strengths, and weaknesses of rodent models of anxiety and depression, dividing them into three main categories: sex chromosome complement-biased sex differences; gonadal hormone-biased sex differences; environmental-biased sex differences. Regardless of the animal model used, none can reproduce all the characteristics of such complex and multifactorial pathologies as anxiety and depressive disorders; however, each animal model contributes to elucidating the bases that underlie these disorders. The importance is highlighted of considering sex differences in the responses that emerge from each model.
Fil: Mir, Franco Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología. Cátedra de Fisiología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Rivarola, María Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología. Cátedra de Fisiología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina
Materia
sex chromosomes
sex hormones
mood disorders
animal models
anxiety-like behavior
depressive-like behavior
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223840
Acceder
id CONICETDig_637944a0cdce9bed43ee4475b0ac1cc7
oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223840
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?Mir, Franco RafaelRivarola, María Angélicasex chromosomessex hormonesmood disordersanimal modelsanxiety-like behaviordepressive-like behaviorhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3In recent years, the gender perspective in scientific research and sex differences in biological studies on emotional disorders have become increasingly important. However, sex bias in basic research on anxiety and depression is still far from being covered. This review addresses the study of sex differences in the field of anxiety and depression using animal models that consider this issue so far. What can preclinical studies tell us and what are their main limitations? First, we describe the behavioral tests most frequently used in preclinical research to assess depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Then, we analyze the main findings, strengths, and weaknesses of rodent models of anxiety and depression, dividing them into three main categories: sex chromosome complement-biased sex differences; gonadal hormone-biased sex differences; environmental-biased sex differences. Regardless of the animal model used, none can reproduce all the characteristics of such complex and multifactorial pathologies as anxiety and depressive disorders; however, each animal model contributes to elucidating the bases that underlie these disorders. The importance is highlighted of considering sex differences in the responses that emerge from each model.Fil: Mir, Franco Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología. Cátedra de Fisiología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rivarola, María Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología. Cátedra de Fisiología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaMDPI2022-02info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/223840Mir, Franco Rafael; Rivarola, María Angélica; Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?; MDPI; Sexes; 3; 1; 2-2022; 141-1632411-5118CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/sexes3010012info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-15T14:27:09Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223840instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-15 14:27:09.862CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
title Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
spellingShingle Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
Mir, Franco Rafael
sex chromosomes
sex hormones
mood disorders
animal models
anxiety-like behavior
depressive-like behavior
title_short Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
title_full Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
title_fullStr Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
title_full_unstemmed Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
title_sort Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Mir, Franco Rafael
Rivarola, María Angélica
author Mir, Franco Rafael
author_facet Mir, Franco Rafael
Rivarola, María Angélica
author_role author
author2 Rivarola, María Angélica
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv sex chromosomes
sex hormones
mood disorders
animal models
anxiety-like behavior
depressive-like behavior
topic sex chromosomes
sex hormones
mood disorders
animal models
anxiety-like behavior
depressive-like behavior
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv In recent years, the gender perspective in scientific research and sex differences in biological studies on emotional disorders have become increasingly important. However, sex bias in basic research on anxiety and depression is still far from being covered. This review addresses the study of sex differences in the field of anxiety and depression using animal models that consider this issue so far. What can preclinical studies tell us and what are their main limitations? First, we describe the behavioral tests most frequently used in preclinical research to assess depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Then, we analyze the main findings, strengths, and weaknesses of rodent models of anxiety and depression, dividing them into three main categories: sex chromosome complement-biased sex differences; gonadal hormone-biased sex differences; environmental-biased sex differences. Regardless of the animal model used, none can reproduce all the characteristics of such complex and multifactorial pathologies as anxiety and depressive disorders; however, each animal model contributes to elucidating the bases that underlie these disorders. The importance is highlighted of considering sex differences in the responses that emerge from each model.
Fil: Mir, Franco Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología. Cátedra de Fisiología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Rivarola, María Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología. Cátedra de Fisiología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina
description In recent years, the gender perspective in scientific research and sex differences in biological studies on emotional disorders have become increasingly important. However, sex bias in basic research on anxiety and depression is still far from being covered. This review addresses the study of sex differences in the field of anxiety and depression using animal models that consider this issue so far. What can preclinical studies tell us and what are their main limitations? First, we describe the behavioral tests most frequently used in preclinical research to assess depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Then, we analyze the main findings, strengths, and weaknesses of rodent models of anxiety and depression, dividing them into three main categories: sex chromosome complement-biased sex differences; gonadal hormone-biased sex differences; environmental-biased sex differences. Regardless of the animal model used, none can reproduce all the characteristics of such complex and multifactorial pathologies as anxiety and depressive disorders; however, each animal model contributes to elucidating the bases that underlie these disorders. The importance is highlighted of considering sex differences in the responses that emerge from each model.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-02
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/223840
Mir, Franco Rafael; Rivarola, María Angélica; Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?; MDPI; Sexes; 3; 1; 2-2022; 141-163
2411-5118
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/223840
identifier_str_mv Mir, Franco Rafael; Rivarola, María Angélica; Sex Differences in Anxiety and Depression: What Can (and Cannot) Preclinical Studies Tell Us?; MDPI; Sexes; 3; 1; 2-2022; 141-163
2411-5118
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/sexes3010012
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
_version_ 1846082725228838912
score 13.22299

Publicaciones similares