An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)

Autores
Sorazabal, Ana Laura; Salgado, Pablo A.; Ferrarini, Silvana; Lazzati, Maria Rocio; Squassi, Aldo Fabian; Campus, Guglielmo; Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana
Año de publicación
2023
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Background and Objectives: Dental caries is still a dramatic public health problem. The effectiveness of an alternative technique using acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel pH 3.5 was evaluated and compared with conventional treatments in reducing dental caries incidence. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 180 children aged 4–11 years. Three groups were formed: NaF varnish (NaFV), APF in tray (APFt), and APF in toothbrush (APFtbru). Clinical examinations were performed using standardized criteria and the ICDAS Index was assessed. The Caries Treatment Needs Index (CTNI) was calculated. Dental examinations were conducted at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Results: At baseline, 16,719 dental surfaces were included, with 15,434 surfaces being sound. After 24 months, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significant differences between the APFtbru group and the other two groups (p = 0.03). Cox regression analysis revealed that the surfaces treated with NaF varnish had the lowest survival rates (HR = 0.51 95%CI = 0.33/0.81). Occlusal surfaces had the lowest cumulative survival, while other tooth surfaces showed similar performance. Conclusions: The alternative technique of APF gel application with a toothbrush resulted in maintaining dental health over 24 months. This technique can be cost-effective and may offer advantages over traditional fluoride varnish application.
Fil: Sorazabal, Ana Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Salgado, Pablo A.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Ferrarini, Silvana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Lazzati, Maria Rocio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Squassi, Aldo Fabian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Rectorado. Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina
Fil: Campus, Guglielmo. University of Bern; Suiza. Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals; India
Fil: Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Materia
RCT
caries management
caries treatment needs index
fluoride application
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/268958
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/268958
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)Sorazabal, Ana LauraSalgado, Pablo A.Ferrarini, SilvanaLazzati, Maria RocioSquassi, Aldo FabianCampus, GuglielmoKlemonskis, Graciela LilianaRCTcaries managementcaries treatment needs indexfluoride applicationhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.2https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3Background and Objectives: Dental caries is still a dramatic public health problem. The effectiveness of an alternative technique using acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel pH 3.5 was evaluated and compared with conventional treatments in reducing dental caries incidence. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 180 children aged 4–11 years. Three groups were formed: NaF varnish (NaFV), APF in tray (APFt), and APF in toothbrush (APFtbru). Clinical examinations were performed using standardized criteria and the ICDAS Index was assessed. The Caries Treatment Needs Index (CTNI) was calculated. Dental examinations were conducted at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Results: At baseline, 16,719 dental surfaces were included, with 15,434 surfaces being sound. After 24 months, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significant differences between the APFtbru group and the other two groups (p = 0.03). Cox regression analysis revealed that the surfaces treated with NaF varnish had the lowest survival rates (HR = 0.51 95%CI = 0.33/0.81). Occlusal surfaces had the lowest cumulative survival, while other tooth surfaces showed similar performance. Conclusions: The alternative technique of APF gel application with a toothbrush resulted in maintaining dental health over 24 months. This technique can be cost-effective and may offer advantages over traditional fluoride varnish application.Fil: Sorazabal, Ana Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; ArgentinaFil: Salgado, Pablo A.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; ArgentinaFil: Ferrarini, Silvana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; ArgentinaFil: Lazzati, Maria Rocio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; ArgentinaFil: Squassi, Aldo Fabian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Rectorado. Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; ArgentinaFil: Campus, Guglielmo. University of Bern; Suiza. Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals; IndiaFil: Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; ArgentinaMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute2023-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/268958Sorazabal, Ana Laura; Salgado, Pablo A.; Ferrarini, Silvana; Lazzati, Maria Rocio; Squassi, Aldo Fabian; et al.; An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT); Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Medicina; 59; 12; 12-2023; 1-111648-9144CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/12/2118info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/medicina59122118info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-11-26T09:08:19Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/268958instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-11-26 09:08:19.678CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
title An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
spellingShingle An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
Sorazabal, Ana Laura
RCT
caries management
caries treatment needs index
fluoride application
title_short An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
title_full An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
title_fullStr An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
title_full_unstemmed An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
title_sort An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Sorazabal, Ana Laura
Salgado, Pablo A.
Ferrarini, Silvana
Lazzati, Maria Rocio
Squassi, Aldo Fabian
Campus, Guglielmo
Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana
author Sorazabal, Ana Laura
author_facet Sorazabal, Ana Laura
Salgado, Pablo A.
Ferrarini, Silvana
Lazzati, Maria Rocio
Squassi, Aldo Fabian
Campus, Guglielmo
Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana
author_role author
author2 Salgado, Pablo A.
Ferrarini, Silvana
Lazzati, Maria Rocio
Squassi, Aldo Fabian
Campus, Guglielmo
Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv RCT
caries management
caries treatment needs index
fluoride application
topic RCT
caries management
caries treatment needs index
fluoride application
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Background and Objectives: Dental caries is still a dramatic public health problem. The effectiveness of an alternative technique using acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel pH 3.5 was evaluated and compared with conventional treatments in reducing dental caries incidence. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 180 children aged 4–11 years. Three groups were formed: NaF varnish (NaFV), APF in tray (APFt), and APF in toothbrush (APFtbru). Clinical examinations were performed using standardized criteria and the ICDAS Index was assessed. The Caries Treatment Needs Index (CTNI) was calculated. Dental examinations were conducted at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Results: At baseline, 16,719 dental surfaces were included, with 15,434 surfaces being sound. After 24 months, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significant differences between the APFtbru group and the other two groups (p = 0.03). Cox regression analysis revealed that the surfaces treated with NaF varnish had the lowest survival rates (HR = 0.51 95%CI = 0.33/0.81). Occlusal surfaces had the lowest cumulative survival, while other tooth surfaces showed similar performance. Conclusions: The alternative technique of APF gel application with a toothbrush resulted in maintaining dental health over 24 months. This technique can be cost-effective and may offer advantages over traditional fluoride varnish application.
Fil: Sorazabal, Ana Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Salgado, Pablo A.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Ferrarini, Silvana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Lazzati, Maria Rocio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
Fil: Squassi, Aldo Fabian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Rectorado. Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina
Fil: Campus, Guglielmo. University of Bern; Suiza. Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals; India
Fil: Klemonskis, Graciela Liliana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontologia. Hospital Odontologico Universitario. Catedra de Odontologia Preventiva y Comunitaria.; Argentina
description Background and Objectives: Dental caries is still a dramatic public health problem. The effectiveness of an alternative technique using acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel pH 3.5 was evaluated and compared with conventional treatments in reducing dental caries incidence. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 180 children aged 4–11 years. Three groups were formed: NaF varnish (NaFV), APF in tray (APFt), and APF in toothbrush (APFtbru). Clinical examinations were performed using standardized criteria and the ICDAS Index was assessed. The Caries Treatment Needs Index (CTNI) was calculated. Dental examinations were conducted at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Results: At baseline, 16,719 dental surfaces were included, with 15,434 surfaces being sound. After 24 months, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significant differences between the APFtbru group and the other two groups (p = 0.03). Cox regression analysis revealed that the surfaces treated with NaF varnish had the lowest survival rates (HR = 0.51 95%CI = 0.33/0.81). Occlusal surfaces had the lowest cumulative survival, while other tooth surfaces showed similar performance. Conclusions: The alternative technique of APF gel application with a toothbrush resulted in maintaining dental health over 24 months. This technique can be cost-effective and may offer advantages over traditional fluoride varnish application.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/268958
Sorazabal, Ana Laura; Salgado, Pablo A.; Ferrarini, Silvana; Lazzati, Maria Rocio; Squassi, Aldo Fabian; et al.; An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT); Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Medicina; 59; 12; 12-2023; 1-11
1648-9144
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/268958
identifier_str_mv Sorazabal, Ana Laura; Salgado, Pablo A.; Ferrarini, Silvana; Lazzati, Maria Rocio; Squassi, Aldo Fabian; et al.; An Alternative Technique for Topical Application of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) Gel: A Two-Years Double-Blind Randomization Clinical Trial (RCT); Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Medicina; 59; 12; 12-2023; 1-11
1648-9144
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/12/2118
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/medicina59122118
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.011256

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