Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia

• Autores: Ahmed, Moinuddin; Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; Asrat, Asfawossen; Borgaonkar, Hemant P.; Braida, Martina; Buckley, Brendan M.; Ulf Büntgen; Chase, Brian M.; Christie, Duncan A.; Cook, Edward R.; Curran, Mark A. J.; Diaz, Henry F.; Esper, Jan; Fan, Ze-Xin; Gaire, Narayan P.; Ge, Quansheng; Gergis, Joëlle; González-Rouco, J Fidel; Goosse, Hugues; Grab, Stefan W.; Graham, Nicholas; Graham, Rochelle; Grosjean, Martin; Hanhijärvi, Sami T.; Kaufman, Darrell S.; Kiefer, Thorsten; Kimura, Katsuhiko; Korhola, Atte A.; Krusic, Paul J.; Lara, Antonio; Lézine, Anne-Marie; Ljungqvist, Fredrik C.; Lorrey, Andrew M.; Luterbacher, Jürg; Masson-Delmotte, Valérie; McCarroll, Danny; McConnell, Joseph R.; McKay, Nicholas P.; Morales, Mariano Santos; Moy, Andrew D.; Mulvaney, Robert; Mundo, Ignacio Alberto; Nakatsuka, Takeshi; Nash, David J.; Neukom, Raphael; Nicholson, Sharon E.; Oerter, Hans; Palmer, Jonathan G.; Phipps, Steven J.; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Rivera, Andres; Sano, Masaki; Severi, Mirko; Shanahan, Timothy M.; Shao, Xuemei; Shi, Feng; Sigl, Michael; Smerdon, Jason E.; Solomina, Olga N.; Steig, Eric J.; Stenni, Barbara; Thamban, Meloth; Trouet, Valerie; Turney, Chris S.M.; Umer, Mohammed; van Ommen, Tas; Verschuren, Dirk; Viau, Andre E.; Villalba, Ricardo; Vinther, Bo M.; von Gunten, Lucien; Wagner, Sebastian; Wahl, Eugene R.; Wanner, Heinz; Werner, Johannes P.; White, James W.C.; Yasue, Koh; Zorita, Eduardo
• Año de publicación: 2013
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Palaeoclimate And Palaeocenography; Climate Science
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Past global climate changes had strong regional expression. To elucidate their spatio-temporal pattern, we reconstructed past temperatures for seven continental-scale regions during the past one to two millennia. The most coherent feature in nearly all of the regional temperature reconstructions is a long-term cooling trend, which ended late in the nineteenth century. At multi-decadal to centennial scales, temperature variability shows distinctly different regional patterns, with more similarity within each hemisphere than between them. There were no globally synchronous multi-decadal warm or cold intervals that define a worldwide Medieval Warm Period or Little Ice Age, but all reconstructions show generally cold conditions between AD 1580 and 1880, punctuated in some regions by warm decades during the eighteenth century. The transition to these colder conditions occurred earlier in the Arctic, Europe and Asia than in North America or the Southern Hemisphere regions. Recent warming reversed the long-term cooling; during the period AD 1971?2000, the area-weighted average reconstructed temperature was higher than any other time in nearly 1,400 years.
Fil: Ahmed, Moinuddin. Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology. Department of Botany; Pakistán
Fil: Anchukaitis, Kevin J.. Columbia University. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory; Estados Unidos. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Estados Unidos
Fil: Asrat, Asfawossen . Addis Ababa University. School of Earth Sciences; Etiopía
Fil: Borgaonkar, Hemant P.. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology; India
Fil: Braida, Martina . University of Trieste. Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze; Italia
Fil: Buckley, Brendan M. . Columbia University. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ulf Büntgen. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Suiza
Fil: Chase, Brian M.. Université Montpellier. Département Paléoenvironnements et Paléoclimats (PAL); Francia. University of Bergen. Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion; Noruega
Fil: Christie, Duncan A. . Universidad Austral de Chile. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global; Chile. Universidad de Chile. Center for Climate and Resilience Research; Chile
Fil: Cook, Edward R.. Columbia University. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory; Argentina
Fil: Curran, Mark A. J.. Australian Antarctic Division; Australia. University of Tasmania. Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; Australia
Fil: Diaz, Henry F. . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, ; Estados Unidos
Fil: Esper, Jan. Johannes Gutenberg University. Department of Geography,; Alemania
Fil: Fan, Ze-Xin . Chinese Academy of Sciences. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden ; China
Fil: Gaire, Narayan P. . Nepal Academy of Science and Technology. Faculty of Science,; Nepal
Fil: Ge, Quansheng. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, ; China
Fil: Gergis, Joëlle. University of Melbourne. School of Earth Sciences; Australia
Fil: González-Rouco, J Fidel. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Departamento Astrofísica y CC de la Atmósfera; España
Fil: Goosse, Hugues. Université Catholique de Louvain. LemaitreCenter for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life Institute; Bélgica
Fil: Grab, Stefan W. . University of the Witwatersrand. School of Geography,Archaeology and Environmental Studies; Sudáfrica
Fil: Graham, Nicholas. Hydrologic Research Center; Estados Unidos
Fil: Graham, Rochelle . Hydrologic Research Center; Estados Unidos
Fil: Grosjean, Martin . University of Bern. Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research & Institute of Geography; Suiza
Fil: Hanhijärvi, Sami T.. University of Helsinki. Department of Environmental Sciences; Finlandia
Fil: Kaufman, Darrell S.. Northern Arizona University. School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kiefer, Thorsten . International Project Office, Past Global Changes (PAGES); Suiza
Fil: Kimura, Katsuhiko. Fukushima University. Department of Symbiotic System Science; Japón
Fil: Korhola, Atte A.. University of Helsinki. Department of Environmental Sciences; Finlandia
Fil: Krusic, Paul J.. Stockholm University. Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology; Suecia
Fil: Lara, Antonio. Universidad Austral de Chile. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global; Chile. Universidad de Chile. Center for Climate and Resilience Research; Chile
Fil: Lézine, Anne-Marie. Université Pierre et Marie Curie. Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN); Francia
Fil: Ljungqvist, Fredrik C.. Stockholm University. Department of History, ; Suecia
Fil: Lorrey, Andrew M.. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., National Climate Centre Auckland; Nueva Zelanda
Fil: Luterbacher, Jürg. Justus Liebig University. Department of Geography, Climatology, Climate Dynamics and Climate Change; Alemania
Fil: Masson-Delmotte, Valérie . Laboratoire des Science du Climat et de l’Environnement, Gif-sur-Yvette; Francia
Fil: McCarroll, Danny. Swansea University. Department of Geography; Reino Unido
Fil: McConnell, Joseph R.. Nevada System of Higher Education. Desert Research Institute; Estados Unidos
Fil: McKay, Nicholas P.. Northern Arizona University. School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability; Estados Unidos
Fil: Morales, Mariano Santos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Moy, Andrew D.. Australian Antarctic Division; Australia. University of Tasmania. Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; Australia
Fil: Mulvaney, Robert. British Antarctic Survey; Reino Unido
Fil: Mundo, Ignacio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Nakatsuka, Takeshi. Nagoya University. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences; Japón
Fil: Nash, David J.. University of the Witwatersrand. School of Geography,Archaeology and Environmental Studies; Sudáfrica. University of Brighton. School of Environment and Technology; Reino Unido
Fil: Neukom, Raphael . Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Suiza
Fil: Nicholson, Sharon E.. Florida State University. Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, ; Estados Unidos
Fil: Oerter, Hans. Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Helmholtz Association. Department of Glaciology; Alemania
Fil: Palmer, Jonathan G.. University of Exeter. College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Reino Unido. University of New South Wales. Climate Change Research Centre; Australia
Fil: Phipps, Steven J.. University of New South Wales. Climate Change Research Centre; Australia. University of New South Wales. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science; Australia
Fil: Prieto, Maria del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Rivera, Andres. Centro de Estudios Cientificos; Chile
Fil: Sano, Masaki. Nagoya University. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences; Japón
Fil: Severi, Mirko. University of Florence. Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’; Italia
Fil: Shanahan, Timothy M.. University of Texas at Austin. Jackson School of Geosciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Shao, Xuemei. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research; China
Fil: Shi, Feng. Chinese Academy of Sciences. LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, ; China
Fil: Sigl, Michael . Nevada System of Higher Education. Desert Research Institute,; Estados Unidos
Fil: Smerdon, Jason E.. Columbia University. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Solomina, Olga N. . Russian Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geography; Rusia
Fil: Steig, Eric J.. University of Washington. Department of Earth and Space Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Stenni, Barbara. University of Trieste. Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze; Italia
Fil: Thamban, Meloth. National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research; India
Fil: Trouet, Valerie. University of Arizona. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Turney, Chris S.M.. University of New South Wales. Climate Change Research Centre; Australia
Fil: Umer, Mohammed. Addis Ababa University. School of Earth Sciences; Etiopía
Fil: van Ommen, Tas. Australian Antarctic Division; Australia. University of Tasmania. Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; Australia
Fil: Verschuren, Dirk. Ghent University. Department of Biology; Bélgica
Fil: Viau, Andre E.. University of Ottawa. Department of Geography; Canadá
Fil: Villalba, Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Vinther, Bo M.. University of Copenhagen. Niels Bohr Institute; Dinamarca
Fil: von Gunten, Lucien . Past Global Changes (PAGES). International Project Office, ; Suiza
Fil: Wagner, Sebastian. Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht. Institute for Coastal Research; Alemania
Fil: Wahl, Eugene R.. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Climatic Data Center; Estados Unidos
Fil: Wanner, Heinz. University of Bern. Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research & Institute of Geography; Suiza
Fil: Werner, Johannes P.. Justus Liebig University. Department of Geography, Climatology, Climate Dynamics and Climate Change; Alemania
Fil: White, James W.C.. University of Colorado. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Yasue, Koh. Shinshu University. Department of Forest Science; Japón
Fil: Zorita, Eduardo. Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht. Institute for Coastal Research; Alemania