Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Autores
Becker, Leandro Anibal; Kirkland, M.; Heath, J. W.; Heath, D. D.; Dixon, B.
Año de publicación
2014
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Most Pacific salmon farms propagate fish by artificial random mating, which along with artificial hatchery rearing conditions may result in unintentional selection of undesirable traits. Alternatively, salmon can be propagated using outdoor semi-natural raceways that would provide the opportunity for both sexual and natural selection to act on offspring production. We performed a disease challenge on one-year-old smolts of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to test the effects of breeding strategy and rearing environment on immune function. Farmed sexually mature salmon were bred following traditional aquaculture methods whereas others were allowed to spawn semi-naturally in outdoor spawning channels. The offspring were reared in their natal environment for six months when they were subjected to a reciprocal environment transplant and held for 5 additional months. Subsequently, fish were exposed to a Vibrio anguillarum waterborne challenge. A strong environmental effect on mortality was found for the hatchery-bred fish whereas the channel-bred fish showed no such response, perhaps indicative of a more canalized immune response. A two-way ANOVA resulted in a significant interaction between the breeding/early-rearing strategy and the reciprocal transplanted environment factors (F0.05, 1, 12 = 17.95, P b 0.0012). In addition, humoral immune response measurements revealed a similar interaction between these two factors at 28 (P = 0.0014) and 42 days (P = 0.0022). These results are indicative of genotype-by-environment interaction effects on the immune system of Chinook salmon. Remarkably, these effects were observed after only one round of sexual/natural selection using fish that have been under artificial selection for at least nine generations. The benefits of environmental canalization of the immune response may be an important advantage of channel-bred over hatchery-bred fish for the aquaculture industry. We suggest that introducing sexual/natural selection through mate choice via semi-natural spawning channels may lead to fish with more robust immune systems across changing environments.
Fil: Becker, Leandro Anibal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. University Of Waterloo; Canadá
Fil: Kirkland, M.. University Of Waterloo; Canadá
Fil: Heath, J. W.. Yellow Island Aquaculture Ltd.; Canadá
Fil: Heath, D. D.. University Of Windsor. Great Lakes Institute For Enviromental Research; Canadá
Fil: Dixon, B.. University Of Waterloo; Canadá
Materia
Rearing Environment
Artificial Random Mating
Mate Choice
Disease Challenge
Genotype-By-Environment Interactions
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/6648

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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)Becker, Leandro AnibalKirkland, M.Heath, J. W.Heath, D. D.Dixon, B.Rearing EnvironmentArtificial Random MatingMate ChoiceDisease ChallengeGenotype-By-Environment Interactionshttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Most Pacific salmon farms propagate fish by artificial random mating, which along with artificial hatchery rearing conditions may result in unintentional selection of undesirable traits. Alternatively, salmon can be propagated using outdoor semi-natural raceways that would provide the opportunity for both sexual and natural selection to act on offspring production. We performed a disease challenge on one-year-old smolts of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to test the effects of breeding strategy and rearing environment on immune function. Farmed sexually mature salmon were bred following traditional aquaculture methods whereas others were allowed to spawn semi-naturally in outdoor spawning channels. The offspring were reared in their natal environment for six months when they were subjected to a reciprocal environment transplant and held for 5 additional months. Subsequently, fish were exposed to a Vibrio anguillarum waterborne challenge. A strong environmental effect on mortality was found for the hatchery-bred fish whereas the channel-bred fish showed no such response, perhaps indicative of a more canalized immune response. A two-way ANOVA resulted in a significant interaction between the breeding/early-rearing strategy and the reciprocal transplanted environment factors (F0.05, 1, 12 = 17.95, P b 0.0012). In addition, humoral immune response measurements revealed a similar interaction between these two factors at 28 (P = 0.0014) and 42 days (P = 0.0022). These results are indicative of genotype-by-environment interaction effects on the immune system of Chinook salmon. Remarkably, these effects were observed after only one round of sexual/natural selection using fish that have been under artificial selection for at least nine generations. The benefits of environmental canalization of the immune response may be an important advantage of channel-bred over hatchery-bred fish for the aquaculture industry. We suggest that introducing sexual/natural selection through mate choice via semi-natural spawning channels may lead to fish with more robust immune systems across changing environments.Fil: Becker, Leandro Anibal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. University Of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Kirkland, M.. University Of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Heath, J. W.. Yellow Island Aquaculture Ltd.; CanadáFil: Heath, D. D.. University Of Windsor. Great Lakes Institute For Enviromental Research; CanadáFil: Dixon, B.. University Of Waterloo; CanadáElsevier2014-02info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/6648Becker, Leandro Anibal; Kirkland, M.; Heath, J. W.; Heath, D. D.; Dixon, B.; Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); Elsevier; Aquaculture; 422-423; 2-2014; 160-1660044-8486enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848613006492info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.12.010info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:22:03Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/6648instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:22:03.512CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
title Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
spellingShingle Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Becker, Leandro Anibal
Rearing Environment
Artificial Random Mating
Mate Choice
Disease Challenge
Genotype-By-Environment Interactions
title_short Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
title_full Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
title_fullStr Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
title_full_unstemmed Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
title_sort Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Becker, Leandro Anibal
Kirkland, M.
Heath, J. W.
Heath, D. D.
Dixon, B.
author Becker, Leandro Anibal
author_facet Becker, Leandro Anibal
Kirkland, M.
Heath, J. W.
Heath, D. D.
Dixon, B.
author_role author
author2 Kirkland, M.
Heath, J. W.
Heath, D. D.
Dixon, B.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Rearing Environment
Artificial Random Mating
Mate Choice
Disease Challenge
Genotype-By-Environment Interactions
topic Rearing Environment
Artificial Random Mating
Mate Choice
Disease Challenge
Genotype-By-Environment Interactions
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Most Pacific salmon farms propagate fish by artificial random mating, which along with artificial hatchery rearing conditions may result in unintentional selection of undesirable traits. Alternatively, salmon can be propagated using outdoor semi-natural raceways that would provide the opportunity for both sexual and natural selection to act on offspring production. We performed a disease challenge on one-year-old smolts of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to test the effects of breeding strategy and rearing environment on immune function. Farmed sexually mature salmon were bred following traditional aquaculture methods whereas others were allowed to spawn semi-naturally in outdoor spawning channels. The offspring were reared in their natal environment for six months when they were subjected to a reciprocal environment transplant and held for 5 additional months. Subsequently, fish were exposed to a Vibrio anguillarum waterborne challenge. A strong environmental effect on mortality was found for the hatchery-bred fish whereas the channel-bred fish showed no such response, perhaps indicative of a more canalized immune response. A two-way ANOVA resulted in a significant interaction between the breeding/early-rearing strategy and the reciprocal transplanted environment factors (F0.05, 1, 12 = 17.95, P b 0.0012). In addition, humoral immune response measurements revealed a similar interaction between these two factors at 28 (P = 0.0014) and 42 days (P = 0.0022). These results are indicative of genotype-by-environment interaction effects on the immune system of Chinook salmon. Remarkably, these effects were observed after only one round of sexual/natural selection using fish that have been under artificial selection for at least nine generations. The benefits of environmental canalization of the immune response may be an important advantage of channel-bred over hatchery-bred fish for the aquaculture industry. We suggest that introducing sexual/natural selection through mate choice via semi-natural spawning channels may lead to fish with more robust immune systems across changing environments.
Fil: Becker, Leandro Anibal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. University Of Waterloo; Canadá
Fil: Kirkland, M.. University Of Waterloo; Canadá
Fil: Heath, J. W.. Yellow Island Aquaculture Ltd.; Canadá
Fil: Heath, D. D.. University Of Windsor. Great Lakes Institute For Enviromental Research; Canadá
Fil: Dixon, B.. University Of Waterloo; Canadá
description Most Pacific salmon farms propagate fish by artificial random mating, which along with artificial hatchery rearing conditions may result in unintentional selection of undesirable traits. Alternatively, salmon can be propagated using outdoor semi-natural raceways that would provide the opportunity for both sexual and natural selection to act on offspring production. We performed a disease challenge on one-year-old smolts of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to test the effects of breeding strategy and rearing environment on immune function. Farmed sexually mature salmon were bred following traditional aquaculture methods whereas others were allowed to spawn semi-naturally in outdoor spawning channels. The offspring were reared in their natal environment for six months when they were subjected to a reciprocal environment transplant and held for 5 additional months. Subsequently, fish were exposed to a Vibrio anguillarum waterborne challenge. A strong environmental effect on mortality was found for the hatchery-bred fish whereas the channel-bred fish showed no such response, perhaps indicative of a more canalized immune response. A two-way ANOVA resulted in a significant interaction between the breeding/early-rearing strategy and the reciprocal transplanted environment factors (F0.05, 1, 12 = 17.95, P b 0.0012). In addition, humoral immune response measurements revealed a similar interaction between these two factors at 28 (P = 0.0014) and 42 days (P = 0.0022). These results are indicative of genotype-by-environment interaction effects on the immune system of Chinook salmon. Remarkably, these effects were observed after only one round of sexual/natural selection using fish that have been under artificial selection for at least nine generations. The benefits of environmental canalization of the immune response may be an important advantage of channel-bred over hatchery-bred fish for the aquaculture industry. We suggest that introducing sexual/natural selection through mate choice via semi-natural spawning channels may lead to fish with more robust immune systems across changing environments.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2014-02
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/6648
Becker, Leandro Anibal; Kirkland, M.; Heath, J. W.; Heath, D. D.; Dixon, B.; Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); Elsevier; Aquaculture; 422-423; 2-2014; 160-166
0044-8486
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/6648
identifier_str_mv Becker, Leandro Anibal; Kirkland, M.; Heath, J. W.; Heath, D. D.; Dixon, B.; Breeding strategy and rearing environment effects on the disease resistance of cultured Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); Elsevier; Aquaculture; 422-423; 2-2014; 160-166
0044-8486
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848613006492
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.12.010
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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