Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels

Autores
Vichi, Stefania; Neuls Mayer, Morgana; León Cárdenas, Maria G.; Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz; Tres, Alba; Guardiola, Francesc; Batlle, Ignasi; Romero, Agustí
Año de publicación
2020
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds' genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.
Fil: Vichi, Stefania. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Neuls Mayer, Morgana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina
Fil: León Cárdenas, Maria G.. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Tres, Alba. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Guardiola, Francesc. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Batlle, Ignasi. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; España
Fil: Romero, Agustí. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; España
Materia
ALMOND KERNEL
BENZALDEHYDE
BITTERNESS
BREEDING
CHEMICAL MARKER
GENOTYPE
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS
PRUNUS DULCIS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/127612
Acceder
id CONICETDig_1eb70edc188c5a4b3a1c1f1e7c66e5bc
oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/127612
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond KernelsVichi, StefaniaNeuls Mayer, MorganaLeón Cárdenas, Maria G.Quintanilla Casas, BeatrizTres, AlbaGuardiola, FrancescBatlle, IgnasiRomero, AgustíALMOND KERNELBENZALDEHYDEBITTERNESSBREEDINGCHEMICAL MARKERGENOTYPEPRUNUS AMYGDALUSPRUNUS DULCIShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.4https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds' genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.Fil: Vichi, Stefania. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Neuls Mayer, Morgana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: León Cárdenas, Maria G.. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Tres, Alba. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Guardiola, Francesc. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Batlle, Ignasi. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; EspañaFil: Romero, Agustí. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; EspañaMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute2020-06info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/127612Vichi, Stefania; Neuls Mayer, Morgana; León Cárdenas, Maria G.; Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz; Tres, Alba; et al.; Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Foods; 9; 6; 6-2020; 1-122304-8158CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/6/747/htminfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/foods9060747info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:48:53Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/127612instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:48:53.637CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
spellingShingle Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
Vichi, Stefania
ALMOND KERNEL
BENZALDEHYDE
BITTERNESS
BREEDING
CHEMICAL MARKER
GENOTYPE
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS
PRUNUS DULCIS
title_short Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_full Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_fullStr Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_full_unstemmed Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
title_sort Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Vichi, Stefania
Neuls Mayer, Morgana
León Cárdenas, Maria G.
Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz
Tres, Alba
Guardiola, Francesc
Batlle, Ignasi
Romero, Agustí
author Vichi, Stefania
author_facet Vichi, Stefania
Neuls Mayer, Morgana
León Cárdenas, Maria G.
Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz
Tres, Alba
Guardiola, Francesc
Batlle, Ignasi
Romero, Agustí
author_role author
author2 Neuls Mayer, Morgana
León Cárdenas, Maria G.
Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz
Tres, Alba
Guardiola, Francesc
Batlle, Ignasi
Romero, Agustí
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ALMOND KERNEL
BENZALDEHYDE
BITTERNESS
BREEDING
CHEMICAL MARKER
GENOTYPE
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS
PRUNUS DULCIS
topic ALMOND KERNEL
BENZALDEHYDE
BITTERNESS
BREEDING
CHEMICAL MARKER
GENOTYPE
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS
PRUNUS DULCIS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.4
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds' genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.
Fil: Vichi, Stefania. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Neuls Mayer, Morgana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina
Fil: León Cárdenas, Maria G.. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Tres, Alba. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Guardiola, Francesc. Universidad de Barcelona; España
Fil: Batlle, Ignasi. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; España
Fil: Romero, Agustí. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; España
description Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors' genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds' genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-06
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/127612
Vichi, Stefania; Neuls Mayer, Morgana; León Cárdenas, Maria G.; Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz; Tres, Alba; et al.; Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Foods; 9; 6; 6-2020; 1-12
2304-8158
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/127612
identifier_str_mv Vichi, Stefania; Neuls Mayer, Morgana; León Cárdenas, Maria G.; Quintanilla Casas, Beatriz; Tres, Alba; et al.; Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Foods; 9; 6; 6-2020; 1-12
2304-8158
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/6/747/htm
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/foods9060747
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
_version_ 1844613515925520384
score 13.070432

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