A quantitative philology of introspection

Autores
Diuk, Carlos G.; Fernandez Slezak, Diego; Rascovsky, Ivan; Sigman, Mariano; Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto
Año de publicación
2012
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The cultural evolution of introspective thought has been recognized to undergo a drastic change during the middle of the first millennium BC. This period, known as the “Axial Age,” saw the birth of religions and philosophies still alive in modern culture, as well as the transition from orality to literacy—which led to the hypothesis of a link between introspection and literacy. Here we set out to examine the evolution of introspection in the Axial Age, studying the cultural record of the Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian literary traditions. Using a statistical measure of semantic similarity, we identify a single “arrow of time” in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and a more complex non-monotonic dynamics in the Greco-Roman tradition reflecting the rise and fall of the respective societies. A comparable analysis of the twentieth century cultural record shows a steady increase in the incidence of introspective topics, punctuated by abrupt declines during and preceding the First and Second World Wars. Our results show that (a) it is possible to devise a consistent metric to quantify the history of a high-level concept such as introspection, cementing the path for a new quantitative philology and (b) to the extent that it is captured in the cultural record, the increased ability of human thought for self-reflection that the Axial Age brought about is still heavily determined by societal contingencies beyond the orality-literacy nexus.
Fil: Diuk, Carlos G.. University of Princeton; Estados Unidos
Fil: Fernandez Slezak, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina
Fil: Rascovsky, Ivan. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina
Fil: Sigman, Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Materia
INTROSPECTION
NEUROSCIENCE
SEMANTIC COGNITION
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/241450

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spelling A quantitative philology of introspectionDiuk, Carlos G.Fernandez Slezak, DiegoRascovsky, IvanSigman, MarianoCecchi, Guillermo AlbertoINTROSPECTIONNEUROSCIENCESEMANTIC COGNITIONhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1The cultural evolution of introspective thought has been recognized to undergo a drastic change during the middle of the first millennium BC. This period, known as the “Axial Age,” saw the birth of religions and philosophies still alive in modern culture, as well as the transition from orality to literacy—which led to the hypothesis of a link between introspection and literacy. Here we set out to examine the evolution of introspection in the Axial Age, studying the cultural record of the Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian literary traditions. Using a statistical measure of semantic similarity, we identify a single “arrow of time” in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and a more complex non-monotonic dynamics in the Greco-Roman tradition reflecting the rise and fall of the respective societies. A comparable analysis of the twentieth century cultural record shows a steady increase in the incidence of introspective topics, punctuated by abrupt declines during and preceding the First and Second World Wars. Our results show that (a) it is possible to devise a consistent metric to quantify the history of a high-level concept such as introspection, cementing the path for a new quantitative philology and (b) to the extent that it is captured in the cultural record, the increased ability of human thought for self-reflection that the Axial Age brought about is still heavily determined by societal contingencies beyond the orality-literacy nexus.Fil: Diuk, Carlos G.. University of Princeton; Estados UnidosFil: Fernandez Slezak, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; ArgentinaFil: Rascovsky, Ivan. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; ArgentinaFil: Sigman, Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFrontiers Media2012-09info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/241450Diuk, Carlos G.; Fernandez Slezak, Diego; Rascovsky, Ivan; Sigman, Mariano; Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto; A quantitative philology of introspection; Frontiers Media; Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience; 6; 9-2012; 1-121662-5145CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.frontiersin.org/integrative_neuroscience/10.3389/fnint.2012.00080/abstractinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fnint.2012.00080info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:38:28Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/241450instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:38:29.241CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A quantitative philology of introspection
title A quantitative philology of introspection
spellingShingle A quantitative philology of introspection
Diuk, Carlos G.
INTROSPECTION
NEUROSCIENCE
SEMANTIC COGNITION
title_short A quantitative philology of introspection
title_full A quantitative philology of introspection
title_fullStr A quantitative philology of introspection
title_full_unstemmed A quantitative philology of introspection
title_sort A quantitative philology of introspection
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Diuk, Carlos G.
Fernandez Slezak, Diego
Rascovsky, Ivan
Sigman, Mariano
Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto
author Diuk, Carlos G.
author_facet Diuk, Carlos G.
Fernandez Slezak, Diego
Rascovsky, Ivan
Sigman, Mariano
Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto
author_role author
author2 Fernandez Slezak, Diego
Rascovsky, Ivan
Sigman, Mariano
Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv INTROSPECTION
NEUROSCIENCE
SEMANTIC COGNITION
topic INTROSPECTION
NEUROSCIENCE
SEMANTIC COGNITION
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The cultural evolution of introspective thought has been recognized to undergo a drastic change during the middle of the first millennium BC. This period, known as the “Axial Age,” saw the birth of religions and philosophies still alive in modern culture, as well as the transition from orality to literacy—which led to the hypothesis of a link between introspection and literacy. Here we set out to examine the evolution of introspection in the Axial Age, studying the cultural record of the Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian literary traditions. Using a statistical measure of semantic similarity, we identify a single “arrow of time” in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and a more complex non-monotonic dynamics in the Greco-Roman tradition reflecting the rise and fall of the respective societies. A comparable analysis of the twentieth century cultural record shows a steady increase in the incidence of introspective topics, punctuated by abrupt declines during and preceding the First and Second World Wars. Our results show that (a) it is possible to devise a consistent metric to quantify the history of a high-level concept such as introspection, cementing the path for a new quantitative philology and (b) to the extent that it is captured in the cultural record, the increased ability of human thought for self-reflection that the Axial Age brought about is still heavily determined by societal contingencies beyond the orality-literacy nexus.
Fil: Diuk, Carlos G.. University of Princeton; Estados Unidos
Fil: Fernandez Slezak, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina
Fil: Rascovsky, Ivan. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina
Fil: Sigman, Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
description The cultural evolution of introspective thought has been recognized to undergo a drastic change during the middle of the first millennium BC. This period, known as the “Axial Age,” saw the birth of religions and philosophies still alive in modern culture, as well as the transition from orality to literacy—which led to the hypothesis of a link between introspection and literacy. Here we set out to examine the evolution of introspection in the Axial Age, studying the cultural record of the Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian literary traditions. Using a statistical measure of semantic similarity, we identify a single “arrow of time” in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and a more complex non-monotonic dynamics in the Greco-Roman tradition reflecting the rise and fall of the respective societies. A comparable analysis of the twentieth century cultural record shows a steady increase in the incidence of introspective topics, punctuated by abrupt declines during and preceding the First and Second World Wars. Our results show that (a) it is possible to devise a consistent metric to quantify the history of a high-level concept such as introspection, cementing the path for a new quantitative philology and (b) to the extent that it is captured in the cultural record, the increased ability of human thought for self-reflection that the Axial Age brought about is still heavily determined by societal contingencies beyond the orality-literacy nexus.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012-09
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/241450
Diuk, Carlos G.; Fernandez Slezak, Diego; Rascovsky, Ivan; Sigman, Mariano; Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto; A quantitative philology of introspection; Frontiers Media; Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience; 6; 9-2012; 1-12
1662-5145
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/241450
identifier_str_mv Diuk, Carlos G.; Fernandez Slezak, Diego; Rascovsky, Ivan; Sigman, Mariano; Cecchi, Guillermo Alberto; A quantitative philology of introspection; Frontiers Media; Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience; 6; 9-2012; 1-12
1662-5145
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.frontiersin.org/integrative_neuroscience/10.3389/fnint.2012.00080/abstract
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fnint.2012.00080
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
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