Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503
- Autores
- Duronea, Nicolás Urbano; Vasquez, Javier; Romero, Gisela Andrea; Cappa, Cristina Elisabet; Barbá, Rodolfo Héctor; Bronfman, L.
- Año de publicación
- 2014
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Aims. We present here a follow-up study of the molecular gas and dust in the environs of the star forming region NGC 3503. This study aims at dealing with the interaction of the HII region NGC 3503 with its parental molecular cloud, and also with the star formation in the region, that was possibly triggered by the expansion of the ionization front against the parental cloud. Methods. To analyze the molecular gas we use CO(J = 2 → 1), 13CO(J = 2 → 1), C18O(J = 2 → 1), and HCN(J = 3 → 2) line data obtained with the on-the-fly technique from the APEX telescope. To study the distribution of the dust, we make use of unpublished images at 870 μm from the ATLASGAL survey and IRAC-GLIMPSE archival images. We use public 2MASS and WISE data to search for infrared candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in the region. Results. The new APEX observations allowed the substructure of the molecular gas in the velocity range from ~-28 km s-1 to -23 km s-1 to be imaged in detail. The morphology of the molecular gas close to the nebula, the location of the PDR, and the shape of radio continuum emission suggest that the ionized gas is expanding against its parental cloud, and confirm the champagne flow scenario. We have identified several molecular clumps and determined some of their physical and dynamical properties such as density, excitation temperature, mass, and line width. Clumps adjacent to the ionization front are expected to be affected by the HII region, unlike those that are distant from it. We have compared the physical properties of the two kinds of clumps to investigate how the molecular gas has been affected by the HII region. Clumps adjacent to the ionization fronts of NGC 3503 and/or the bright rimmed cloud SFO 62 have been heated and compressed by the ionized gas, but their line width is not different from those that are too distant from the ionization fronts. We identified several candidate YSOs in the region. Their spatial distribution suggests that stellar formation might have been boosted by the expansion of the nebula. We discard the collect-and-collapse scenario and propose alternative mechanisms such as radiatively driven implosion on pre-existing molecular clumps or small-scale Jeans gravitational instabilities.
Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas
Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía - Materia
-
Ciencias Astronómicas
HII regions
ISM: individual objects: NGC 3503
ISM: molecules
Stars: formation - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- OAI Identificador
- oai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/85373
Ver los metadatos del registro completo
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Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503Duronea, Nicolás UrbanoVasquez, JavierRomero, Gisela AndreaCappa, Cristina ElisabetBarbá, Rodolfo HéctorBronfman, L.Ciencias AstronómicasHII regionsISM: individual objects: NGC 3503ISM: moleculesStars: formationAims. We present here a follow-up study of the molecular gas and dust in the environs of the star forming region NGC 3503. This study aims at dealing with the interaction of the HII region NGC 3503 with its parental molecular cloud, and also with the star formation in the region, that was possibly triggered by the expansion of the ionization front against the parental cloud. Methods. To analyze the molecular gas we use CO(J = 2 → 1), <SUP>13</SUP>CO(J = 2 → 1), C<SUP>18</SUP>O(J = 2 → 1), and HCN(J = 3 → 2) line data obtained with the on-the-fly technique from the APEX telescope. To study the distribution of the dust, we make use of unpublished images at 870 μm from the ATLASGAL survey and IRAC-GLIMPSE archival images. We use public 2MASS and WISE data to search for infrared candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in the region. Results. The new APEX observations allowed the substructure of the molecular gas in the velocity range from ~-28 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> to -23 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> to be imaged in detail. The morphology of the molecular gas close to the nebula, the location of the PDR, and the shape of radio continuum emission suggest that the ionized gas is expanding against its parental cloud, and confirm the champagne flow scenario. We have identified several molecular clumps and determined some of their physical and dynamical properties such as density, excitation temperature, mass, and line width. Clumps adjacent to the ionization front are expected to be affected by the HII region, unlike those that are distant from it. We have compared the physical properties of the two kinds of clumps to investigate how the molecular gas has been affected by the HII region. Clumps adjacent to the ionization fronts of NGC 3503 and/or the bright rimmed cloud SFO 62 have been heated and compressed by the ionized gas, but their line width is not different from those that are too distant from the ionization fronts. We identified several candidate YSOs in the region. Their spatial distribution suggests that stellar formation might have been boosted by the expansion of the nebula. We discard the collect-and-collapse scenario and propose alternative mechanisms such as radiatively driven implosion on pre-existing molecular clumps or small-scale Jeans gravitational instabilities.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y GeofísicasInstituto Argentino de Radioastronomía2014info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArticulohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/85373enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0004-6361info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1051/0004-6361/201322850info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)reponame:SEDICI (UNLP)instname:Universidad Nacional de La Platainstacron:UNLP2025-09-29T11:16:29Zoai:sedici.unlp.edu.ar:10915/85373Institucionalhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/oai/snrdalira@sedici.unlp.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:13292025-09-29 11:16:29.93SEDICI (UNLP) - Universidad Nacional de La Platafalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
title |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
spellingShingle |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 Duronea, Nicolás Urbano Ciencias Astronómicas HII regions ISM: individual objects: NGC 3503 ISM: molecules Stars: formation |
title_short |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
title_full |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
title_fullStr |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
title_sort |
Molecules, dust, and protostars in NGC 3503 |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Duronea, Nicolás Urbano Vasquez, Javier Romero, Gisela Andrea Cappa, Cristina Elisabet Barbá, Rodolfo Héctor Bronfman, L. |
author |
Duronea, Nicolás Urbano |
author_facet |
Duronea, Nicolás Urbano Vasquez, Javier Romero, Gisela Andrea Cappa, Cristina Elisabet Barbá, Rodolfo Héctor Bronfman, L. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Vasquez, Javier Romero, Gisela Andrea Cappa, Cristina Elisabet Barbá, Rodolfo Héctor Bronfman, L. |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Ciencias Astronómicas HII regions ISM: individual objects: NGC 3503 ISM: molecules Stars: formation |
topic |
Ciencias Astronómicas HII regions ISM: individual objects: NGC 3503 ISM: molecules Stars: formation |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Aims. We present here a follow-up study of the molecular gas and dust in the environs of the star forming region NGC 3503. This study aims at dealing with the interaction of the HII region NGC 3503 with its parental molecular cloud, and also with the star formation in the region, that was possibly triggered by the expansion of the ionization front against the parental cloud. Methods. To analyze the molecular gas we use CO(J = 2 → 1), <SUP>13</SUP>CO(J = 2 → 1), C<SUP>18</SUP>O(J = 2 → 1), and HCN(J = 3 → 2) line data obtained with the on-the-fly technique from the APEX telescope. To study the distribution of the dust, we make use of unpublished images at 870 μm from the ATLASGAL survey and IRAC-GLIMPSE archival images. We use public 2MASS and WISE data to search for infrared candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in the region. Results. The new APEX observations allowed the substructure of the molecular gas in the velocity range from ~-28 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> to -23 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> to be imaged in detail. The morphology of the molecular gas close to the nebula, the location of the PDR, and the shape of radio continuum emission suggest that the ionized gas is expanding against its parental cloud, and confirm the champagne flow scenario. We have identified several molecular clumps and determined some of their physical and dynamical properties such as density, excitation temperature, mass, and line width. Clumps adjacent to the ionization front are expected to be affected by the HII region, unlike those that are distant from it. We have compared the physical properties of the two kinds of clumps to investigate how the molecular gas has been affected by the HII region. Clumps adjacent to the ionization fronts of NGC 3503 and/or the bright rimmed cloud SFO 62 have been heated and compressed by the ionized gas, but their line width is not different from those that are too distant from the ionization fronts. We identified several candidate YSOs in the region. Their spatial distribution suggests that stellar formation might have been boosted by the expansion of the nebula. We discard the collect-and-collapse scenario and propose alternative mechanisms such as radiatively driven implosion on pre-existing molecular clumps or small-scale Jeans gravitational instabilities. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía |
description |
Aims. We present here a follow-up study of the molecular gas and dust in the environs of the star forming region NGC 3503. This study aims at dealing with the interaction of the HII region NGC 3503 with its parental molecular cloud, and also with the star formation in the region, that was possibly triggered by the expansion of the ionization front against the parental cloud. Methods. To analyze the molecular gas we use CO(J = 2 → 1), <SUP>13</SUP>CO(J = 2 → 1), C<SUP>18</SUP>O(J = 2 → 1), and HCN(J = 3 → 2) line data obtained with the on-the-fly technique from the APEX telescope. To study the distribution of the dust, we make use of unpublished images at 870 μm from the ATLASGAL survey and IRAC-GLIMPSE archival images. We use public 2MASS and WISE data to search for infrared candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in the region. Results. The new APEX observations allowed the substructure of the molecular gas in the velocity range from ~-28 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> to -23 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> to be imaged in detail. The morphology of the molecular gas close to the nebula, the location of the PDR, and the shape of radio continuum emission suggest that the ionized gas is expanding against its parental cloud, and confirm the champagne flow scenario. We have identified several molecular clumps and determined some of their physical and dynamical properties such as density, excitation temperature, mass, and line width. Clumps adjacent to the ionization front are expected to be affected by the HII region, unlike those that are distant from it. We have compared the physical properties of the two kinds of clumps to investigate how the molecular gas has been affected by the HII region. Clumps adjacent to the ionization fronts of NGC 3503 and/or the bright rimmed cloud SFO 62 have been heated and compressed by the ionized gas, but their line width is not different from those that are too distant from the ionization fronts. We identified several candidate YSOs in the region. Their spatial distribution suggests that stellar formation might have been boosted by the expansion of the nebula. We discard the collect-and-collapse scenario and propose alternative mechanisms such as radiatively driven implosion on pre-existing molecular clumps or small-scale Jeans gravitational instabilities. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articulo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
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article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
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http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/85373 |
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http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/85373 |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0004-6361 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1051/0004-6361/201322850 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) |
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openAccess |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) |
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