Chromosome diversity in species of the genus Arachis, revealed by FISH and CMA/ DAPI banding, and inferences about their karyotype differentiation

• Autores: Silvestri, María Celeste; Ortiz, Alejandra Marcela; Robledo Dobladez, Germán Ariel; Lavia, Graciela Inés
• Año de publicación: 2020
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 2020, vol. 92, supl. 2, p. 1-29.
• Materia: Heterochromatin patterns; Karyotype groups; Molecular cytogenetic; RDNA­loci; SatDNA
• Institución: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste

Fil: Silvestri, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina.
Fil: Ortíz, Alejandra Marcela. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura; Argentina.
Fil: Robledo Dobladez, Germán Ariel. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.
Fil: Lavia, Graciela Inés. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura; Argentina.
The species of the genus Arachis (Leguminosae) are ordered into nine sections. The assignment of genome types in this genus has been based on cross-compatibility analysis and molecular cytogenetic studies. The latter has also allowed karyotypically establishing well-defined genomes and reassigning the genome of several species. However, most of these studies have been focused mainly on the sections Arachis and Rhizomatosae. To increase the knowledge about the chromosome diversity of the whole genus, here we performed a detailed karyotype characterization of representative species of most of the sections and genomes of Arachis. This characterization included chromosome morphology, CMA/DAPI chromosome banding, and chromosome marker localization (rDNAloci and one satDNA sequence) by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Based on the data obtained and other previously published data, we established the karyotype similarities by cluster analysis and defined eleven karyotype groups. The grouping was partly coincident with the traditional genome assignment, except for some groups and some individual species. Karyotype similarities among some genomes were also found. The main characteristics of each karyotype group of Arachis were summarized. Together, our results provide information that may be beneficial for future cytogenetic and evolutionary studies, and also contribute to the identification of interspecific hybrids.