Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event

Autores
Mazía, Noemí C.; Chaneton, Enrique J.; Kitzberger, Thomas; Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro
Año de publicación
2009
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Fil: Mazía, Noemí C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.
Fil: Chaneton, Enrique J. Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Facultad de Agronomía. IFEVA- CONICET; Argentina.
Fil: Kitzberger, Thomas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio Ecotono-CONICET; Argentina.
Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.
Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.
Predators are thought to play a key role in controlling herbivory, thus having positive indirect effects on plants. However, evidence for terrestrial trophic cascades is still fragmentary, perhaps due to variation in top-down forces created by environmental heterogeneity. We examined the magnitude of predation effects on foliar damage by chewing insects and mean leaf size, by excluding birds from saplings in ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ Nothofagus pumilio forests in the northern Patagonian Andes, Argentina.The experiment lasted 2 years encompassing a severe drought during the La Niña phase of a strong El Niño/Southern Oscillation event, which was followed by unusually high background folivory levels. Insect damage was consistently higher in wet than in dry forest saplings. In the drought year (1999), bird exclusion increased folivory rates in both forests but did not affect tree leaf size. In the ensuing season (2000), leaf damage was generally twice as high as in the drought year. As a result, bird exclusion not only increased the extent of folivory but also significantly decreased sapling leaf size.The latter effect was stronger in the wet forest, suggesting compensation of leaf area loss by dry forest saplings. Overall, the magnitude of predator indirect effects depended on the response variable measured. Insectivorous birds were more effective at reducing folivory than at facilitating leaf area growth. Our results indicate that bird-initiated trophic cascades protect N. pumilio saplings from insect damage even during years with above-normal herbivory, and also support the view that large-scale climatic events influence the strength of trophic cascades.
Materia
Climate Change
Drought
Folivory
Indirect Interactions
Temperate Forest
Trophic Cascade
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
RID-UNRN (UNRN)
Institución
Universidad Nacional de Río Negro
OAI Identificador
oai:rid.unrn.edu.ar:20.500.12049/3291

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spelling Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO eventMazía, Noemí C.Chaneton, Enrique J.Kitzberger, ThomasGaribaldi, Lucas AlejandroClimate ChangeDroughtFolivoryIndirect InteractionsTemperate ForestTrophic CascadeFil: Mazía, Noemí C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.Fil: Chaneton, Enrique J. Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Facultad de Agronomía. IFEVA- CONICET; Argentina.Fil: Kitzberger, Thomas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio Ecotono-CONICET; Argentina.Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.Predators are thought to play a key role in controlling herbivory, thus having positive indirect effects on plants. However, evidence for terrestrial trophic cascades is still fragmentary, perhaps due to variation in top-down forces created by environmental heterogeneity. We examined the magnitude of predation effects on foliar damage by chewing insects and mean leaf size, by excluding birds from saplings in ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ Nothofagus pumilio forests in the northern Patagonian Andes, Argentina.The experiment lasted 2 years encompassing a severe drought during the La Niña phase of a strong El Niño/Southern Oscillation event, which was followed by unusually high background folivory levels. Insect damage was consistently higher in wet than in dry forest saplings. In the drought year (1999), bird exclusion increased folivory rates in both forests but did not affect tree leaf size. In the ensuing season (2000), leaf damage was generally twice as high as in the drought year. As a result, bird exclusion not only increased the extent of folivory but also significantly decreased sapling leaf size.The latter effect was stronger in the wet forest, suggesting compensation of leaf area loss by dry forest saplings. Overall, the magnitude of predator indirect effects depended on the response variable measured. Insectivorous birds were more effective at reducing folivory than at facilitating leaf area growth. Our results indicate that bird-initiated trophic cascades protect N. pumilio saplings from insect damage even during years with above-normal herbivory, and also support the view that large-scale climatic events influence the strength of trophic cascades.Wiley Online Library2009-05-28info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfMazía, Noemí C., Chaneton, Enrique J., Kitzberger, Thomas & Garibaldi, Lucas A. (2009). Variable strength of top-down effects inNothofagusforests:bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event. Wiley Online Library; Austral Ecology; 34 (4); 359-3671442-99851442-9993https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01933.xhttps://rid.unrn.edu.ar/jspui/handle/20.500.12049/3291https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01933.xeng34Austral Ecologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/reponame:RID-UNRN (UNRN)instname:Universidad Nacional de Río Negro2025-09-29T14:29:01Zoai:rid.unrn.edu.ar:20.500.12049/3291instacron:UNRNInstitucionalhttps://rid.unrn.edu.ar/jspui/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttps://rid.unrn.edu.ar/oai/snrdrid@unrn.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:43692025-09-29 14:29:01.841RID-UNRN (UNRN) - Universidad Nacional de Río Negrofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
title Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
spellingShingle Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
Mazía, Noemí C.
Climate Change
Drought
Folivory
Indirect Interactions
Temperate Forest
Trophic Cascade
title_short Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
title_full Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
title_fullStr Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
title_full_unstemmed Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
title_sort Variable strength of top‐down effects in Nothofagus forests: bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Mazía, Noemí C.
Chaneton, Enrique J.
Kitzberger, Thomas
Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro
author Mazía, Noemí C.
author_facet Mazía, Noemí C.
Chaneton, Enrique J.
Kitzberger, Thomas
Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro
author_role author
author2 Chaneton, Enrique J.
Kitzberger, Thomas
Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Climate Change
Drought
Folivory
Indirect Interactions
Temperate Forest
Trophic Cascade
topic Climate Change
Drought
Folivory
Indirect Interactions
Temperate Forest
Trophic Cascade
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Fil: Mazía, Noemí C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.
Fil: Chaneton, Enrique J. Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Facultad de Agronomía. IFEVA- CONICET; Argentina.
Fil: Kitzberger, Thomas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio Ecotono-CONICET; Argentina.
Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.
Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.
Predators are thought to play a key role in controlling herbivory, thus having positive indirect effects on plants. However, evidence for terrestrial trophic cascades is still fragmentary, perhaps due to variation in top-down forces created by environmental heterogeneity. We examined the magnitude of predation effects on foliar damage by chewing insects and mean leaf size, by excluding birds from saplings in ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ Nothofagus pumilio forests in the northern Patagonian Andes, Argentina.The experiment lasted 2 years encompassing a severe drought during the La Niña phase of a strong El Niño/Southern Oscillation event, which was followed by unusually high background folivory levels. Insect damage was consistently higher in wet than in dry forest saplings. In the drought year (1999), bird exclusion increased folivory rates in both forests but did not affect tree leaf size. In the ensuing season (2000), leaf damage was generally twice as high as in the drought year. As a result, bird exclusion not only increased the extent of folivory but also significantly decreased sapling leaf size.The latter effect was stronger in the wet forest, suggesting compensation of leaf area loss by dry forest saplings. Overall, the magnitude of predator indirect effects depended on the response variable measured. Insectivorous birds were more effective at reducing folivory than at facilitating leaf area growth. Our results indicate that bird-initiated trophic cascades protect N. pumilio saplings from insect damage even during years with above-normal herbivory, and also support the view that large-scale climatic events influence the strength of trophic cascades.
description Fil: Mazía, Noemí C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.
publishDate 2009
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2009-05-28
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv Mazía, Noemí C., Chaneton, Enrique J., Kitzberger, Thomas & Garibaldi, Lucas A. (2009). Variable strength of top-down effects inNothofagusforests:bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event. Wiley Online Library; Austral Ecology; 34 (4); 359-367
1442-9985
1442-9993
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01933.x
https://rid.unrn.edu.ar/jspui/handle/20.500.12049/3291
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01933.x
identifier_str_mv Mazía, Noemí C., Chaneton, Enrique J., Kitzberger, Thomas & Garibaldi, Lucas A. (2009). Variable strength of top-down effects inNothofagusforests:bird predation and insect herbivory during an ENSO event. Wiley Online Library; Austral Ecology; 34 (4); 359-367
1442-9985
1442-9993
url https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01933.x
https://rid.unrn.edu.ar/jspui/handle/20.500.12049/3291
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01933.x
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 34
Austral Ecology
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Online Library
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Online Library
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RID-UNRN (UNRN)
instname:Universidad Nacional de Río Negro
reponame_str RID-UNRN (UNRN)
collection RID-UNRN (UNRN)
instname_str Universidad Nacional de Río Negro
repository.name.fl_str_mv RID-UNRN (UNRN) - Universidad Nacional de Río Negro
repository.mail.fl_str_mv rid@unrn.edu.ar
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