Trait matching of flower visitors and crops predicts fruit set better than trait diversity

• Autores: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro; Bartomeus, Ignasi; Bommarco, Riccardo; Klein, Alexandra M.; Cunningham, Saul A.; Aizen, Marcelo A.; Boreux, Virginie; Garratt, Michael P.; Carvalheiro, Luísa G.; Kremen, Claire; Morales, Carolina L.; Schuepp, Christof; Chacoff, Natacha P.; Freitas, Breno M.; Gagic, Vesna; Holzschuh, Andrea; Klatt, Bjorn K.; Krewenka, Kristin M.; Krishnan, Smitha; Mayfield, Margaret M.; Motzke, Iris; Otieno, Mark; Petersen, Jessica; Potts, Simon G.; Ricketts, Taylor H.; Rundlof, Maj; Sciligo, Amber; Allesh Sinu, Palatty; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf; Taki, Hisatomo; Tscharntke, Teja; Vergara, Carlos H.; Felipe Viana, Blandina; Woyciechowski, Michal
• Año de publicación: 2015
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Agroecosystems; Body Size; Ecosystem Functioning; Ecosystem Services; Mouthpart Length; Nectar Accessibility; Pollination; Trait Evenness; Trait Richness
• Institución: Universidad Nacional de Río Negro

Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; Argentina.
Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; Argentina.
Fil: Bartomeus, Ignasi. Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC). Dpto. Ecología Integrativa; España.
Fil: Bommarco, Riccardo. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Department of Ecology; Suecia.
Fil: Klein, Alexandra M. University of Freiburg. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources. Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology; Alemania.
Fil: Cunningham, Saul. CSIRO Land and Water; Australia.
Fil: Aizen, Marcelo A. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.
Fil: Aizen, Marcelo A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.
Fil: Boreux, Virginie. University of Freiburg. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources. Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology; Alemania.
Fil: Garratt, Michael P. Reading University. School of Agriculture, Policy and Development. Centre for Agri-Environmental Research; Reino Unido.
Fil: Carvalheiro, Luisa G. University of Leeds. School of Biology; Reino Unido.
Fil: Carvalheiro, Luisa G. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos.
Fil: Carvalheiro, Luisa G. Universidade de Brasilia. Departamento de Ecologia; Brasil.
Fil: Kremen, Claire. University of California. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; Estados Unidos.
Fil: Morales, Carolina L. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.
Fil: Morales, Carolina L. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Laboratorio Ecotono; Argentina.
Fil: Schuepp, Christof. University of Bern. Institute of Ecology and Evolution; Suiza.
Fil: Schuepp, Christof. University of Koblenz-Landau. Institute for Environmental Sciences; Alemania.
Fil: Chacoff, Natacha P. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina.
Fil: Freitas, Breno M. Universidade Federal do Ceara. Campus Universitario do Pici. Departamento de Zootecnia–CCA; Brasil.
Fil: Gagic, Vesna. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Department of Ecology; Suecia.
Fil: Holzschuh, Andrea. University of Würzburg. Biocenter. Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology; Alemania.
Fil: Holzschuh, Andrea. Georg-August-University. Department of Crop Sciences. Agroecology; Alemania.
Fil: Klatt, Bjorn K. Georg-August-University. Department of Crop Sciences. Agroecology; Alemania.
Fil: Klatt, Bjorn K. Lund University. Centre for Environmental and Climate Research; Suecia.
Fil: Krewenka, Kristin M. Georg-August-University. Department of Crop Sciences. Agroecology; Alemania.
Fil: Krewenka, Kristin M. University of Hamburg. Biocentre Klein-Flottbek and Botanical Garden Biodiversity. Ecology and Evolution of Plants; Alemania.
Fil: Krishnan, Smitha. ETH Zürich. Department of Environmental Systems Science; Suiza.
Fil: Mayfield, Margaret M. The University of Queensland. School of Biological Sciences and the Ecology Centre; Australia.
Fil: Motzke, Iris. University of Freiburg. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources. Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology; Alemania.
Fil: Motzke, Iris. Georg-August-University. Department of Crop Sciences. Agroecology; Alemania.
Fil: Otieno, Mark. Embu University College. Department of Agricultural Resource Management; Kenya.
Fil: Petersen, Jessica. Cornell University. New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. Department of Entomology; Estados Unidos.
Fil: Potts, Simon G. Reading University. School of Agriculture, Policy and Development. Centre for Agri-Environmental Research; Reino Unido.
Fil: Ricketts, Taylor. University of Vermont. Gund Institute for Ecological Economics; Estados Unidos.
Fil: Rundlof, Maj. Lund University. Department of Biology; Suecia.
Fil: Sciligo, Amber. University of California. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; Estados Unidos.
Fil: Allesh Sinu, Palatty. Central University of Kerala. Department of Animal Science; India.
Fil: Steffan Dewenter, Ingolf. University of Würzburg. Biocenter. Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology; Alemania.
Fil: Taki, Hisatomo. Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute. Department of Forest Entomology; Japón.
Fil: Tscharntke, Teja. Georg-August-University. Department of Crop Sciences. Agroecology; Alemania.
Fil: Vergara, Carlos H. Universidad de las Américas Puebla. Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas; México.
Fil: Viana, Blandina F. Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Biologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Brasil.
Fil: Woyciechowski, Michal. Jagiellonian University. Institute of Environmental Sciences; Polonia.
Understanding the relationships between trait diversity, species diversity and ecosystem functioning is essential for sustainable management. For functions comprising two trophic levels, trait matching between interacting partners should also drive functioning. However, the predictive ability of trait diversity and matching is unclear for most functions, particularly for crop pollination, where interacting partners did not necessarily co‐evolve. World‐wide, we collected data on traits of flower visitors and crops, visitation rates to crop flowers per insect species and fruit set in 469 fields of 33 crop systems. Through hierarchical mixed‐effects models, we tested whether flower visitor trait diversity and/or trait matching between flower visitors and crops improve the prediction of crop fruit set (functioning) beyond flower visitor species diversity and abundance. Flower visitor trait diversity was positively related to fruit set, but surprisingly did not explain more variation than flower visitor species diversity. The best prediction of fruit set was obtained by matching traits of flower visitors (body size and mouthpart length) and crops (nectar accessibility of flowers) in addition to flower visitor abundance, species richness and species evenness. Fruit set increased with species richness, and more so in assemblages with high evenness, indicating that additional species of flower visitors contribute more to crop pollination when species abundances are similar. Synthesis and applications. Despite contrasting floral traits for crops world‐wide, only the abundance of a few pollinator species is commonly managed for greater yield. Our results suggest that the identification and enhancement of pollinator species with traits matching those of the focal crop, as well as the enhancement of pollinator richness and evenness, will increase crop yield beyond current practices. Furthermore, we show that field practitioners can predict and manage agroecosystems for pollination services based on knowledge of just a few traits that are known for a wide range of flower visitor species.