Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes

Autores
Martinez Meier, Alejandro
Año de publicación
2009
Idioma
francés
Tipo de recurso
tesis doctoral
Estado
versión aceptada
Colaborador/a o director/a de tesis
Rozenberg, Philippe
Pastorino, Mario Juan
Descripción
Tesis de doctorado para obtener el grado de Doctor del Institut des Sciences et Industries du Vivant et de l’Environnement (Agro Paris Tech)-ENGREF, especialidad en Sciences Forestières et du Bois, enero 2009
La température de la terre a augmenté de 0,7 °C au cours du siècle dernier, ce qui correspond à une vitesse de réchauffement jamais observée auparavant. Les prévisions et la particularité du changement climatique global, ses événements extrêmes plus intenses et fréquents, posent beaucoup de questions pour l’avenir des écosystèmes forestiers et leur capacité d'adaptation. Ce seront principalement les contraintes hydriques, comme celles qui ont accompagné la canicule qui s’est produite en Europe pendant l’été 2003, qui limiteront la croissance et la survie des arbres dans le futur. On a observé des symptômes qui allaient du rougissement des feuilles jusqu'au la mort totale des individus en passant par la mort de la pousse apicale et de parties de houppiers. On s’attend à ce que des événements climatiques de cette ampleur se produisent plus fréquemment dans les années à venir.
Strong hydrological constraints, as those which accompanied the heat and drought wave which occurred in Europe during the summer 2003, affected the trees to strong functional and physiological adjustments, by limiting not only growth but also by affecting their survival. It is expected that limitations in water availability during trees' growing season will become more intense and frequent, arising many questions for the future forest ecosystems and their adaptation. Since the process of climate change is directional and fast, and the time frame of the trees is long, phenotypic plasticity should play a central role in the capacity of trees to adjust with the new climatic context. Our species of study, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is a highly productive species. Its ecological requirements and its symptoms presented after the heat wave of 2003, make of Douglas-fir an appropriate species well adapted for the study of the trees response to water deficit to which will be exposed the majority of them in a near. Wood is a tissue integrating multiple processes, which we used to study how trees can acclimate and adapt to environmental constraints. Certain basic properties as density are related to adaptive functional processes related to xylem structure and thus are important for survival. Density is the consequence of cambial activity which itself responds to the variations of environment. Wood density was implied in the capacity of Douglas-fir trees to survive to the 2003 heat wave. The trees which survived have a higher trunk density than those which died. Surviving trees formed higher density rings than dead trees during several years before the 2003 heat wave. The ring 2003 shows that Douglas-fir acclimated itself by stopping its growth exceptionally early that year. Through an innovating approach, it was possible to connect the intra-ring density variations with the climate variations. These density variations were interpreted as tree response to water deficit during the growing season, in other words, as a measurement of its phenotypic plasticity (dendroplasticity). Clonal tests enabled us to study genetic variation of tree response to the heat wave and thus of dendroplasticity and also to compare it with genetic variation of microdensity variables. Microdensity profiles were largely used in genetic improvement programs for the selection of trees with desirable density characteristics. We show how microdensity profiles can be used to predict the survival capacity of Douglas-fir trees to climatic constraints allowing thus to integrate morphometric, physiological and adaptation to abiotic constraints characters.
Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche
Fil: Martinez Meier, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área de Recursos Forestales. Grupo de Ecología Forestal; Argentina
Materia
Pseudotsuga Menziesii
Abies
Adaptación al Cambio Climático
Cambio Climático
Climate Change Adaptation
Climate Change
Abeto de Douglas
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/7322

id INTADig_cc7a8abe6c9fc22f63656a4eca464844
oai_identifier_str oai:localhost:20.500.12123/7322
network_acronym_str INTADig
repository_id_str l
network_name_str INTA Digital (INTA)
spelling Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremesMartinez Meier, AlejandroPseudotsuga MenziesiiAbiesAdaptación al Cambio ClimáticoCambio ClimáticoClimate Change AdaptationClimate ChangeAbeto de DouglasTesis de doctorado para obtener el grado de Doctor del Institut des Sciences et Industries du Vivant et de l’Environnement (Agro Paris Tech)-ENGREF, especialidad en Sciences Forestières et du Bois, enero 2009La température de la terre a augmenté de 0,7 °C au cours du siècle dernier, ce qui correspond à une vitesse de réchauffement jamais observée auparavant. Les prévisions et la particularité du changement climatique global, ses événements extrêmes plus intenses et fréquents, posent beaucoup de questions pour l’avenir des écosystèmes forestiers et leur capacité d'adaptation. Ce seront principalement les contraintes hydriques, comme celles qui ont accompagné la canicule qui s’est produite en Europe pendant l’été 2003, qui limiteront la croissance et la survie des arbres dans le futur. On a observé des symptômes qui allaient du rougissement des feuilles jusqu'au la mort totale des individus en passant par la mort de la pousse apicale et de parties de houppiers. On s’attend à ce que des événements climatiques de cette ampleur se produisent plus fréquemment dans les années à venir.Strong hydrological constraints, as those which accompanied the heat and drought wave which occurred in Europe during the summer 2003, affected the trees to strong functional and physiological adjustments, by limiting not only growth but also by affecting their survival. It is expected that limitations in water availability during trees' growing season will become more intense and frequent, arising many questions for the future forest ecosystems and their adaptation. Since the process of climate change is directional and fast, and the time frame of the trees is long, phenotypic plasticity should play a central role in the capacity of trees to adjust with the new climatic context. Our species of study, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is a highly productive species. Its ecological requirements and its symptoms presented after the heat wave of 2003, make of Douglas-fir an appropriate species well adapted for the study of the trees response to water deficit to which will be exposed the majority of them in a near. Wood is a tissue integrating multiple processes, which we used to study how trees can acclimate and adapt to environmental constraints. Certain basic properties as density are related to adaptive functional processes related to xylem structure and thus are important for survival. Density is the consequence of cambial activity which itself responds to the variations of environment. Wood density was implied in the capacity of Douglas-fir trees to survive to the 2003 heat wave. The trees which survived have a higher trunk density than those which died. Surviving trees formed higher density rings than dead trees during several years before the 2003 heat wave. The ring 2003 shows that Douglas-fir acclimated itself by stopping its growth exceptionally early that year. Through an innovating approach, it was possible to connect the intra-ring density variations with the climate variations. These density variations were interpreted as tree response to water deficit during the growing season, in other words, as a measurement of its phenotypic plasticity (dendroplasticity). Clonal tests enabled us to study genetic variation of tree response to the heat wave and thus of dendroplasticity and also to compare it with genetic variation of microdensity variables. Microdensity profiles were largely used in genetic improvement programs for the selection of trees with desirable density characteristics. We show how microdensity profiles can be used to predict the survival capacity of Douglas-fir trees to climatic constraints allowing thus to integrate morphometric, physiological and adaptation to abiotic constraints characters.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Martinez Meier, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área de Recursos Forestales. Grupo de Ecología Forestal; ArgentinaEdición del AutorRozenberg, PhilippePastorino, Mario Juan2020-05-28T14:03:52Z2020-05-28T14:03:52Z2009-01-13info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06info:ar-repo/semantics/tesisDoctoralapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7322frainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria2025-09-04T09:48:27Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/7322instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2025-09-04 09:48:27.863INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
title Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
spellingShingle Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
Martinez Meier, Alejandro
Pseudotsuga Menziesii
Abies
Adaptación al Cambio Climático
Cambio Climático
Climate Change Adaptation
Climate Change
Abeto de Douglas
title_short Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
title_full Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
title_fullStr Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
title_full_unstemmed Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
title_sort Reponse du Douglas a des evenements climatiques extremes
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Martinez Meier, Alejandro
author Martinez Meier, Alejandro
author_facet Martinez Meier, Alejandro
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Rozenberg, Philippe
Pastorino, Mario Juan
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pseudotsuga Menziesii
Abies
Adaptación al Cambio Climático
Cambio Climático
Climate Change Adaptation
Climate Change
Abeto de Douglas
topic Pseudotsuga Menziesii
Abies
Adaptación al Cambio Climático
Cambio Climático
Climate Change Adaptation
Climate Change
Abeto de Douglas
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Tesis de doctorado para obtener el grado de Doctor del Institut des Sciences et Industries du Vivant et de l’Environnement (Agro Paris Tech)-ENGREF, especialidad en Sciences Forestières et du Bois, enero 2009
La température de la terre a augmenté de 0,7 °C au cours du siècle dernier, ce qui correspond à une vitesse de réchauffement jamais observée auparavant. Les prévisions et la particularité du changement climatique global, ses événements extrêmes plus intenses et fréquents, posent beaucoup de questions pour l’avenir des écosystèmes forestiers et leur capacité d'adaptation. Ce seront principalement les contraintes hydriques, comme celles qui ont accompagné la canicule qui s’est produite en Europe pendant l’été 2003, qui limiteront la croissance et la survie des arbres dans le futur. On a observé des symptômes qui allaient du rougissement des feuilles jusqu'au la mort totale des individus en passant par la mort de la pousse apicale et de parties de houppiers. On s’attend à ce que des événements climatiques de cette ampleur se produisent plus fréquemment dans les années à venir.
Strong hydrological constraints, as those which accompanied the heat and drought wave which occurred in Europe during the summer 2003, affected the trees to strong functional and physiological adjustments, by limiting not only growth but also by affecting their survival. It is expected that limitations in water availability during trees' growing season will become more intense and frequent, arising many questions for the future forest ecosystems and their adaptation. Since the process of climate change is directional and fast, and the time frame of the trees is long, phenotypic plasticity should play a central role in the capacity of trees to adjust with the new climatic context. Our species of study, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is a highly productive species. Its ecological requirements and its symptoms presented after the heat wave of 2003, make of Douglas-fir an appropriate species well adapted for the study of the trees response to water deficit to which will be exposed the majority of them in a near. Wood is a tissue integrating multiple processes, which we used to study how trees can acclimate and adapt to environmental constraints. Certain basic properties as density are related to adaptive functional processes related to xylem structure and thus are important for survival. Density is the consequence of cambial activity which itself responds to the variations of environment. Wood density was implied in the capacity of Douglas-fir trees to survive to the 2003 heat wave. The trees which survived have a higher trunk density than those which died. Surviving trees formed higher density rings than dead trees during several years before the 2003 heat wave. The ring 2003 shows that Douglas-fir acclimated itself by stopping its growth exceptionally early that year. Through an innovating approach, it was possible to connect the intra-ring density variations with the climate variations. These density variations were interpreted as tree response to water deficit during the growing season, in other words, as a measurement of its phenotypic plasticity (dendroplasticity). Clonal tests enabled us to study genetic variation of tree response to the heat wave and thus of dendroplasticity and also to compare it with genetic variation of microdensity variables. Microdensity profiles were largely used in genetic improvement programs for the selection of trees with desirable density characteristics. We show how microdensity profiles can be used to predict the survival capacity of Douglas-fir trees to climatic constraints allowing thus to integrate morphometric, physiological and adaptation to abiotic constraints characters.
Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche
Fil: Martinez Meier, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área de Recursos Forestales. Grupo de Ecología Forestal; Argentina
description Tesis de doctorado para obtener el grado de Doctor del Institut des Sciences et Industries du Vivant et de l’Environnement (Agro Paris Tech)-ENGREF, especialidad en Sciences Forestières et du Bois, enero 2009
publishDate 2009
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2009-01-13
2020-05-28T14:03:52Z
2020-05-28T14:03:52Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
info:ar-repo/semantics/tesisDoctoral
format doctoralThesis
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7322
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/7322
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv fra
language fra
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Edición del Autor
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Edición del Autor
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
_version_ 1842341378618556416
score 12.623145