Successive treatments with ivermectin (3.15%) to control the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in cattle: Pharmacokinetic and efficacy assessment

• Autores: Sarli, Macarena; Miró, Maria Victoria; Rossner, Maria Victoria; Nava, Santiago; Lifschitz, Adrian Luis
• Año de publicación: 2022
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 13 (1) : 101848 (January 2022)
• Materia: Rhipicephalus; Residuos de Medicamentos Veterinarios; Ivermectina; Metastigmata; Veterinary Drug Residues; Ivermectin; Pharmacokinetics; Farmacocinética; Therapeutic Efficacy; Ticks; Eficacia Terapéutica; Garrapatas
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, the potential accumulation in the body of treated animals and the efficacy of ivermectin long-acting formulation (3.15%) against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in a scheme of three successive treatments. Fifteen 12-month-old heifers, naturally infested with R. microplus, were divided into two groups (G). Cattle from GI (n = 10) were subjected to three treatments with ivermectin 3.15% (IVOMEC GOLD®, Merial Argentina S.A.) at a rate of 1 mL/50 kg on days 0, 35, and 70. Cattle from GII (n = 5) were not treated. From day 1 to 202 post-treatment blood samples were taken to measure ivermectin concentrations by HPLC and female ticks (4.5–8 mm) were counted to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment. The level of tick resistance to ivermectin was evaluated before and after finishing the scheme of successive treatments by larval immersion test (LIT) bioassay from engorged females collected from GI. The area under the concentration vs. time curves (AUC0–35d) obtained post-second treatment was 1.51 ± 0.39-fold higher than those observed post-first treatment (P<0.05). The mean plasma concentrations of ivermectin 3.15% at 20 days after the first, second and third treatment were 17.0, 27.5 and 37.8 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.01). The elimination half-life of ivermectin post-third treatment was significantly longer than that was previously reported after a single dose (P<0.01). Values of therapeutic efficacy percentage reached 75.6% post-first treatment and between 95.9 and 100% after the second treatment. Ticks evaluated by LIT showed a significant increase in lethal concentrations after treatments. Although the efficacy level was high, the successive treatments with long-acting ivermectin formulation generate a significant accumulation of drug in plasma and could increase the levels of resistance to this drug in the tick population.
EEA Rafaela
Fil: Sarli, Macarena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IdICaL); Argentina
Fil: Sarli, Macarena. . Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL); Argentina
Fil: Miró, Maria Victoria. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Laboratorio de Farmacología; Argentina.
Fil: Rossner, Maria Victoria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benitez; Argentina
Fil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL); Argentina
Fil: Nava, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL); Argentina
Fil: Lifschitz, Adrián. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Laboratorio de Farmacología; Argentina.