Partitioning the effects of habitat loss hunting and climate change on the endangered Chacoan peccary

• Autores: Torres, Ricardo; Kuemmerle, Tobías; Baumann, Mattias; Romero-Muñoz, Alfredo; Altrichter, Mariana; Boaglio, Gabriel; Cabral, Hugo; Camino, Micaela; Campos Kraver, Juan M.; Giordano, Anthony J.; Cartes, José L.; Cuéllar, Rosa L.; Decarre, Julieta; Gallegos, Marcelo; Lizarraga, Leónidas; Maffei, Leonardo; Neris, Nora N.; Quiroga, Verónica; Saldivar, Silvia; Tamburini, Daniela
• Año de publicación: 2023
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: Diversity and distribution : 1-15 (First published: 24 May 2023)
• Materia: Deforestation; Land-use Change; Overexploitation; Deforestación; Cambio de Uso de la Tierra; Sobreexplotación; Agricultural Expansion; Tayassuidae; Tropical and Subtropical Dry Forest; Peccary; Expansión Agrícola; Edge Species; Especies de Borde; Bosque Seco Tropical y Subtropical; Catagonus wagneri; Pecarí; Región Chaqueña
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

Aim: Land-use change and overexploitation are major threats to biodiversity, and cli mate change will exert additional pressure in the 21st century. Although there are strong interactions between these threats, our understanding of the synergistic and compensatory effects on threatened species' range geography remains limited. Our aim was to disentangle the impact of habitat loss, hunting and climate change on spe cies, using the example of the endangered Chacoan peccary (Catagonus wagneri). Location: Gran Chaco ecoregion in South America. Methods: Using a large occurrence database, we integrated a time-calibrated species distribution model with a hunting pressure model to reconstruct changes in the distri bution of suitable peccary habitat between 1985 and 2015. We then used partitioning analysis to attribute the relative contribution of habitat change to land-use conver sion, climate change and varying hunting pressure. Results: Our results reveal widespread habitat deterioration, with only 11% of the habitat found in 2015 considered suitable and safe. Hunting pressure was the strong est single threat, yet most habitat deterioration (58%) was due to the combined, rather than individual, effects of the three drivers we assessed. Climate change would have led to a compensatory effect, increasing suitable habitat area, yet this effect was ne gated by the strongly negative and interacting threats of land-use change and hunting. Main Conclusions: Our study reveals the central role of overexploitation, which is often neglected in biogeographic assessments, and suggests that addressing overex ploitation has huge potential for increasing species' adaptive capacity in the face of climate and land-use change. More generally, we highlight the importance of jointly assessing extinction drivers to understand how species might fare in the 21st century. Here, we provide a simple and transferable framework to determine the separate and joint effects of three main drivers of biodiversity loss.
Fil: Torres, Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal ; Argentina.
Fil: Kuemmerle, Tobias. Humboldt-University Berlin. Integrative Research Institute for Transformations in Human Environment Systems. Geography Department; Alemania
Fil: Baumann, Matthias. Humboldt-University. Geography Department; Alemania.
Fil: Romero Muñoz, Alfredo. Humboldt University. Geography Departament; Alemania. University of British Columbia. Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES); Canada. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. Department Computational Landscape Ecology; Alemania. Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys). Integrative Research Institute; Alemania
Fil: Altrichter, Mariana. IUCN SSC Peccary Specialist Group; Suiza. Prescott College. Environmental Studies; Estados Unidos
Fil: Boaglio, Gabriel Ivan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina
Fil: Cabral, Hugo. Universidade Estadual Paulista. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal; Brasil. Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay; Paraguay
Fil: Camino, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Ecología del Litoral. Laboratorio de Biología de la Conservación; Argentina
Fil: Campos Kraver, Juan M. University of Florida. College of Veterinary Medicine & Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Giordano, Anthony. Society for the Preservation of Endangered Carnivores and their International Ecological Study (S.P.E.C.I.E.S); Estados Unidos. University of Los Angeles. Institute of the Environment and Sustainability. Center for Tropical Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Cartes, José L. Guyra Paraguay, Parque del Río; Paraguay
Fil: Cuéllar, Rosa L. Fundación para la Conservación del Bosque Chiquitano; Bolivia
Fil: Decarre, Julieta. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina
Fil: Gallegos, Marcelo. Provincia de Salta. Secretaría de Ambiente; Argentina
Fil: Lizárraga, Leónidas. Administración De Parques Nacionales. Dirección Regional Noroeste. Salta; Argentina.
Fil: Maffei, Leonardo. Biósfera Consultores Ambientales, Lima, Perú.
Fil: Neris, Nora N. Secretaria del Ambiente; Paraguay
Fil: Quiroga, Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Inst. de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA – CONICET), Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Saldivar, Silvia. ITAIPU Binacional. Dirección de Coordinación. División de Áreas Protegidas; Paraguay
Fil: Tamburini, Daniela Maria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables; Argentina