Effect of non-wine Saccharomyces yeasts and bottle aging on the release and generation of aromas in semi-synthetic Tempranillo wines

• Autores: Perez, Maria Dolores; Denat, Marie; Heras, José María; Guillamón, José Manuel; Ferreira, Vicente; Querol, Amparo
• Año de publicación: 2022
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Fuente: International Journal of Food Microbiology 365 : 109554 (March 2022)
• Materia: Saccharomyces; Levadura de Vino; Vinificación; Saccharomyces uvarum; Vinos; Wine Yeast; Winemaking; Wines; Tempranillo; Añejado en Botella; Saccharomyces eubayanus; Saccharomyces kudriavzevii
• Institución: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria

Interest in the use of non-conventional yeasts in wine fermentation has been increased in the last years in the wine sector. The main objective of this manuscript was to explore the aromatic diversity produced by wild and non-wine strains of S. cerevisiae, S. eubayanus, S. kudriavzevii, and S. uvarum species in young and bottle-aged Tempranillo wines as well as evaluate their fermentation capacity and the yield on ethanol, glycerol, and organic acids, that can contribute to diminishing the effects of climate change on wines. S. uvarum strain U1 showed the highest ability to release or de novo produce monoterpenes, such as geraniol and citronellol, whose values were 1.5 and 3.5-fold higher than those of the wine S. cerevisiae strain. We found that compared to the normal values for red wines, β-phenylethyl acetate was highly synthesized by U1 and E1 strains, achieving 1 mg/L. Additionally, after aging, wines of S. eubayanus strains contained the highest levels of this acetate. Malic acid was highly degraded by S. kudriavzevii yeasts, resulting in the highest yields of lactic acid (>5-fold) and ethyl lactate (>2.8-fold) in their wines. In aged wines, we observed that the modulating effects of yeast strain were very high in β-ionone. S. uvarum strains U1 and BMV58 produced an important aging attribute, ethyl isobutyrate, which was highly enhanced during the aging. Also, the agave S. cerevisiae strain develops an essential aroma after aging, reaching the highest ethyl leucate contents. According to the results obtained, the use of wild non-wine strains of S. cerevisiae and strains of the cryotolerant species S. eubayanus, S. kudriavzevii, and S. uvarum in Tempranillo wine fermentation increase the aroma complexity. In addition, wines from S. kudriavzevii strains had twice additional glycerol, those from S. uvarum 4-fold more succinic acid, while wines from wild strains yielded 1% v/v less ethanol which may solve wine problems associated with climate change.
EEA Mendoza
Fil: Pérez, María Dolores. Lallemand Bio S.L.; España.
Fil: Pérez, María Dolores. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentina.
Fil: Denat, Marie. Universidad de Zaragoza. Department of Analytical Chemistry. Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón; España
Fil: Heras, José María. Lallemand Bio S.L.; España
Fil: Guillamón, José Manuel. Consejo Superior de Investigación Científica (CSIC). Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA). Departamento de Biotecnología de los Alimentos, Grupo de Biología de Sistemas en Levaduras de Interés Biotecnológico; España
Fil: Ferreira, Vicente. Universidad de Zaragoza. Department of Analytical Chemistry. Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón; España
Fil: Querol, Amparo. Consejo Superior de Investigación Científica (CSIC). Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA). Departamento de Biotecnología de los Alimentos, Grupo de Biología de Sistemas en Levaduras de Interés Biotecnológico; España