Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis

Autores
Cerioli, María Florencia; Fernandez, Franco Daniel; Moliva, Melina Vanesa; Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael; Serral, Federico; Fernandez Do Porto, Darío; Reinoso, Elina B.
Año de publicación
2026
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Enterococcus lactis is increasingly recognized as an emerging mastitis pathogen, yet the functional basis of its virulence and associated health risks remain poorly defined. This study presents an integrated genomic and phenotypic characterization of E. lactis strain EL-A150 isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a 2.49 Mb circular chromosome encoding multiple genes associated with adhesion (acm, bepA, fms, sagA), biofilm formation (empB, empC) and antimicrobial resistance, including determinants related to aminoglycosides and macrolides. Phenotypic assays demonstrated rapid growth, strong biofilm-forming capacity and high adhesion to bovine mammary epithelial cells, while internalization remained low and intracellular persistence was transient. Comparative genomic analyses confirmed the taxonomic placement of the strain within the E. lactis clade (ANI up to 99.5% against reference genomes) and revealed a limited resistome composed of chromosomally encoded genes, with no detectable plasmids or major mobile genetic elements. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that E. lactis EL-A150 possesses a coordinated set of traits conducive to intramammary colonization, supporting its classification as an opportunistic pathogen. The convergence of virulence potential and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance within a single isolate underscores a One Health concern and highlights the need for surveillance frameworks that integrate functional validation with genomic risk assessment.
Instituto de Patología Vegetal
Fil: Cerioli, María F. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina
Fil: Fernandez, Franco Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Fernandez, Franco Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Moliva, Melina V. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina
Fil: Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael. Autonomous University of the State of Morelos. Faculty of Sports Science; Mexico
Fil: Serral, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Cálculo; Argentina
Fil: Serral, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina
Fil: Fernandez Do Porto, Darío. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Cálculo; Argentina
Fil: Fernandez Do Porto, Darío. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina
Fil: Reinoso, Elina B. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina
Fuente
Bacteria 5 (2) : 26 (May 2026)
Materia
One Health Approach
Cattle
Bovine Mastitis
Enfoque Una Salud
Enterococcus
Ganado Bovino
Mastítis Bovina
Intramammary Infection
Bacterial Adhesion
Biofilm Formation
Whole-genome Sequencing
Opportunistic enterococci
Virulence profiling
Resistome
Enterococcus lactis
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/26246
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:localhost:20.500.12123/26246
network_acronym_str INTADig
repository_id_str l
network_name_str INTA Digital (INTA)
spelling Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactisCerioli, María FlorenciaFernandez, Franco DanielMoliva, Melina VanesaSánchez-Pérez, MishaelSerral, FedericoFernandez Do Porto, DaríoReinoso, Elina B.One Health ApproachCattleBovine MastitisEnfoque Una SaludEnterococcusGanado BovinoMastítis BovinaIntramammary InfectionBacterial AdhesionBiofilm FormationWhole-genome SequencingOpportunistic enterococciVirulence profilingResistomeEnterococcus lactisEnterococcus lactis is increasingly recognized as an emerging mastitis pathogen, yet the functional basis of its virulence and associated health risks remain poorly defined. This study presents an integrated genomic and phenotypic characterization of E. lactis strain EL-A150 isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a 2.49 Mb circular chromosome encoding multiple genes associated with adhesion (acm, bepA, fms, sagA), biofilm formation (empB, empC) and antimicrobial resistance, including determinants related to aminoglycosides and macrolides. Phenotypic assays demonstrated rapid growth, strong biofilm-forming capacity and high adhesion to bovine mammary epithelial cells, while internalization remained low and intracellular persistence was transient. Comparative genomic analyses confirmed the taxonomic placement of the strain within the E. lactis clade (ANI up to 99.5% against reference genomes) and revealed a limited resistome composed of chromosomally encoded genes, with no detectable plasmids or major mobile genetic elements. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that E. lactis EL-A150 possesses a coordinated set of traits conducive to intramammary colonization, supporting its classification as an opportunistic pathogen. The convergence of virulence potential and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance within a single isolate underscores a One Health concern and highlights the need for surveillance frameworks that integrate functional validation with genomic risk assessment.Instituto de Patología VegetalFil: Cerioli, María F. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Franco Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Franco Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Moliva, Melina V. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); ArgentinaFil: Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael. Autonomous University of the State of Morelos. Faculty of Sports Science; MexicoFil: Serral, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Cálculo; ArgentinaFil: Serral, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Do Porto, Darío. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Cálculo; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Do Porto, Darío. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Elina B. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); ArgentinaMDPI2026-05-19T09:57:20Z2026-05-19T09:57:20Z2026-05-09info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/26246https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1334/5/2/262674-1334https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria5020026Bacteria 5 (2) : 26 (May 2026)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)2026-06-11T09:54:44Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/26246instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2026-06-11 09:54:45.023INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
title Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
spellingShingle Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
Cerioli, María Florencia
One Health Approach
Cattle
Bovine Mastitis
Enfoque Una Salud
Enterococcus
Ganado Bovino
Mastítis Bovina
Intramammary Infection
Bacterial Adhesion
Biofilm Formation
Whole-genome Sequencing
Opportunistic enterococci
Virulence profiling
Resistome
Enterococcus lactis
title_short Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
title_full Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
title_fullStr Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
title_full_unstemmed Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
title_sort Linking Genomic Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants to Host-Interaction Phenotypes in the Emerging Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Enterococcus lactis
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cerioli, María Florencia
Fernandez, Franco Daniel
Moliva, Melina Vanesa
Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael
Serral, Federico
Fernandez Do Porto, Darío
Reinoso, Elina B.
author Cerioli, María Florencia
author_facet Cerioli, María Florencia
Fernandez, Franco Daniel
Moliva, Melina Vanesa
Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael
Serral, Federico
Fernandez Do Porto, Darío
Reinoso, Elina B.
author_role author
author2 Fernandez, Franco Daniel
Moliva, Melina Vanesa
Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael
Serral, Federico
Fernandez Do Porto, Darío
Reinoso, Elina B.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv One Health Approach
Cattle
Bovine Mastitis
Enfoque Una Salud
Enterococcus
Ganado Bovino
Mastítis Bovina
Intramammary Infection
Bacterial Adhesion
Biofilm Formation
Whole-genome Sequencing
Opportunistic enterococci
Virulence profiling
Resistome
Enterococcus lactis
topic One Health Approach
Cattle
Bovine Mastitis
Enfoque Una Salud
Enterococcus
Ganado Bovino
Mastítis Bovina
Intramammary Infection
Bacterial Adhesion
Biofilm Formation
Whole-genome Sequencing
Opportunistic enterococci
Virulence profiling
Resistome
Enterococcus lactis
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Enterococcus lactis is increasingly recognized as an emerging mastitis pathogen, yet the functional basis of its virulence and associated health risks remain poorly defined. This study presents an integrated genomic and phenotypic characterization of E. lactis strain EL-A150 isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a 2.49 Mb circular chromosome encoding multiple genes associated with adhesion (acm, bepA, fms, sagA), biofilm formation (empB, empC) and antimicrobial resistance, including determinants related to aminoglycosides and macrolides. Phenotypic assays demonstrated rapid growth, strong biofilm-forming capacity and high adhesion to bovine mammary epithelial cells, while internalization remained low and intracellular persistence was transient. Comparative genomic analyses confirmed the taxonomic placement of the strain within the E. lactis clade (ANI up to 99.5% against reference genomes) and revealed a limited resistome composed of chromosomally encoded genes, with no detectable plasmids or major mobile genetic elements. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that E. lactis EL-A150 possesses a coordinated set of traits conducive to intramammary colonization, supporting its classification as an opportunistic pathogen. The convergence of virulence potential and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance within a single isolate underscores a One Health concern and highlights the need for surveillance frameworks that integrate functional validation with genomic risk assessment.
Instituto de Patología Vegetal
Fil: Cerioli, María F. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina
Fil: Fernandez, Franco Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Fernandez, Franco Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Moliva, Melina V. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina
Fil: Sánchez-Pérez, Mishael. Autonomous University of the State of Morelos. Faculty of Sports Science; Mexico
Fil: Serral, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Cálculo; Argentina
Fil: Serral, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina
Fil: Fernandez Do Porto, Darío. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Cálculo; Argentina
Fil: Fernandez Do Porto, Darío. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina
Fil: Reinoso, Elina B. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y de la Salud (INBIAS); Argentina
description Enterococcus lactis is increasingly recognized as an emerging mastitis pathogen, yet the functional basis of its virulence and associated health risks remain poorly defined. This study presents an integrated genomic and phenotypic characterization of E. lactis strain EL-A150 isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a 2.49 Mb circular chromosome encoding multiple genes associated with adhesion (acm, bepA, fms, sagA), biofilm formation (empB, empC) and antimicrobial resistance, including determinants related to aminoglycosides and macrolides. Phenotypic assays demonstrated rapid growth, strong biofilm-forming capacity and high adhesion to bovine mammary epithelial cells, while internalization remained low and intracellular persistence was transient. Comparative genomic analyses confirmed the taxonomic placement of the strain within the E. lactis clade (ANI up to 99.5% against reference genomes) and revealed a limited resistome composed of chromosomally encoded genes, with no detectable plasmids or major mobile genetic elements. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that E. lactis EL-A150 possesses a coordinated set of traits conducive to intramammary colonization, supporting its classification as an opportunistic pathogen. The convergence of virulence potential and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance within a single isolate underscores a One Health concern and highlights the need for surveillance frameworks that integrate functional validation with genomic risk assessment.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026-05-19T09:57:20Z
2026-05-19T09:57:20Z
2026-05-09
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/26246
https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1334/5/2/26
2674-1334
https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria5020026
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/26246
https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1334/5/2/26
https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria5020026
identifier_str_mv 2674-1334
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Bacteria 5 (2) : 26 (May 2026)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
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