Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution

Autores
Galliari, Fernando Carlos; Carlini, Alfredo Armando
Año de publicación
2019
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Xenarthra is unique in having striking features in the axial skeleton, usually very different from the rest of the eutherian clades. Some of these features are widely spread among the members of the group (e.g., the presence of xenarthrales in most cingulates and all pilosans, and the synsacrum with sacroischial union to the pelvis in almost all xenarthrans) and others are restricted to some taxa (e.g., deviated number of cervical vertebrae in Bradypus and Choloepus). In this study, we aim to explore the great diversity of vertebral elements composing the xenarthran synsacrum within a phylogenetic framework. Vertebral counts of the adult synsacrum was obtained from almost all extant genera, with the exception of Calyptophractus, and several fossils. The modal number of vertebrae from the adult synsacrum was mapped onto a composite phylogeny of Xenarthra. The ancestral number of synsacrals for Xenarthra was recovered as ambiguous, although one of the optimizations recorded a number of six synsacrals, probably three iliac and three post-iliac vertebrae. The clade Cingulata is characterized by a high number of vertebrae forming the synsacrum (eight synsacrals), which is fused to the ischium through the tip of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. In pilosans, the ancestral number of synsacral vertebrae seems to be lower, probably formed by five or six vertebrae, and the union with the ischium is achieved through the base of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. Two exceptions stand out, one involving the extant suspensory sloths and Megalocnus, and the other involving a family of ground sloths, the Mylodontidae. A probable relationship of the synsacral number in the different taxa to the lifestyles is discussed.
Fil: Galliari, Fernando Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo.; Argentina
Fil: Carlini, Alfredo Armando. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Materia
AXIAL SKELETON
CINGULATA
EVOLUTION
MORPHOLOGY
PILOSA
SYNSACRUM
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/131000
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/131000
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolutionGalliari, Fernando CarlosCarlini, Alfredo ArmandoAXIAL SKELETONCINGULATAEVOLUTIONMORPHOLOGYPILOSASYNSACRUMhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Xenarthra is unique in having striking features in the axial skeleton, usually very different from the rest of the eutherian clades. Some of these features are widely spread among the members of the group (e.g., the presence of xenarthrales in most cingulates and all pilosans, and the synsacrum with sacroischial union to the pelvis in almost all xenarthrans) and others are restricted to some taxa (e.g., deviated number of cervical vertebrae in Bradypus and Choloepus). In this study, we aim to explore the great diversity of vertebral elements composing the xenarthran synsacrum within a phylogenetic framework. Vertebral counts of the adult synsacrum was obtained from almost all extant genera, with the exception of Calyptophractus, and several fossils. The modal number of vertebrae from the adult synsacrum was mapped onto a composite phylogeny of Xenarthra. The ancestral number of synsacrals for Xenarthra was recovered as ambiguous, although one of the optimizations recorded a number of six synsacrals, probably three iliac and three post-iliac vertebrae. The clade Cingulata is characterized by a high number of vertebrae forming the synsacrum (eight synsacrals), which is fused to the ischium through the tip of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. In pilosans, the ancestral number of synsacral vertebrae seems to be lower, probably formed by five or six vertebrae, and the union with the ischium is achieved through the base of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. Two exceptions stand out, one involving the extant suspensory sloths and Megalocnus, and the other involving a family of ground sloths, the Mylodontidae. A probable relationship of the synsacral number in the different taxa to the lifestyles is discussed.Fil: Galliari, Fernando Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo.; ArgentinaFil: Carlini, Alfredo Armando. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaSpringer2019-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/131000Galliari, Fernando Carlos; Carlini, Alfredo Armando; Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution; Springer; Journal of Mammalian Evolution; 26; 4; 12-2019; 493-5041064-7554CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10914-018-9442-0info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s10914-018-9442-0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:51:08Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/131000instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:51:09.007CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
title Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
spellingShingle Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
Galliari, Fernando Carlos
AXIAL SKELETON
CINGULATA
EVOLUTION
MORPHOLOGY
PILOSA
SYNSACRUM
title_short Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
title_full Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
title_fullStr Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
title_full_unstemmed Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
title_sort Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Galliari, Fernando Carlos
Carlini, Alfredo Armando
author Galliari, Fernando Carlos
author_facet Galliari, Fernando Carlos
Carlini, Alfredo Armando
author_role author
author2 Carlini, Alfredo Armando
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv AXIAL SKELETON
CINGULATA
EVOLUTION
MORPHOLOGY
PILOSA
SYNSACRUM
topic AXIAL SKELETON
CINGULATA
EVOLUTION
MORPHOLOGY
PILOSA
SYNSACRUM
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Xenarthra is unique in having striking features in the axial skeleton, usually very different from the rest of the eutherian clades. Some of these features are widely spread among the members of the group (e.g., the presence of xenarthrales in most cingulates and all pilosans, and the synsacrum with sacroischial union to the pelvis in almost all xenarthrans) and others are restricted to some taxa (e.g., deviated number of cervical vertebrae in Bradypus and Choloepus). In this study, we aim to explore the great diversity of vertebral elements composing the xenarthran synsacrum within a phylogenetic framework. Vertebral counts of the adult synsacrum was obtained from almost all extant genera, with the exception of Calyptophractus, and several fossils. The modal number of vertebrae from the adult synsacrum was mapped onto a composite phylogeny of Xenarthra. The ancestral number of synsacrals for Xenarthra was recovered as ambiguous, although one of the optimizations recorded a number of six synsacrals, probably three iliac and three post-iliac vertebrae. The clade Cingulata is characterized by a high number of vertebrae forming the synsacrum (eight synsacrals), which is fused to the ischium through the tip of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. In pilosans, the ancestral number of synsacral vertebrae seems to be lower, probably formed by five or six vertebrae, and the union with the ischium is achieved through the base of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. Two exceptions stand out, one involving the extant suspensory sloths and Megalocnus, and the other involving a family of ground sloths, the Mylodontidae. A probable relationship of the synsacral number in the different taxa to the lifestyles is discussed.
Fil: Galliari, Fernando Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo.; Argentina
Fil: Carlini, Alfredo Armando. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
description Xenarthra is unique in having striking features in the axial skeleton, usually very different from the rest of the eutherian clades. Some of these features are widely spread among the members of the group (e.g., the presence of xenarthrales in most cingulates and all pilosans, and the synsacrum with sacroischial union to the pelvis in almost all xenarthrans) and others are restricted to some taxa (e.g., deviated number of cervical vertebrae in Bradypus and Choloepus). In this study, we aim to explore the great diversity of vertebral elements composing the xenarthran synsacrum within a phylogenetic framework. Vertebral counts of the adult synsacrum was obtained from almost all extant genera, with the exception of Calyptophractus, and several fossils. The modal number of vertebrae from the adult synsacrum was mapped onto a composite phylogeny of Xenarthra. The ancestral number of synsacrals for Xenarthra was recovered as ambiguous, although one of the optimizations recorded a number of six synsacrals, probably three iliac and three post-iliac vertebrae. The clade Cingulata is characterized by a high number of vertebrae forming the synsacrum (eight synsacrals), which is fused to the ischium through the tip of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. In pilosans, the ancestral number of synsacral vertebrae seems to be lower, probably formed by five or six vertebrae, and the union with the ischium is achieved through the base of the transverse processes of the most posterior vertebrae. Two exceptions stand out, one involving the extant suspensory sloths and Megalocnus, and the other involving a family of ground sloths, the Mylodontidae. A probable relationship of the synsacral number in the different taxa to the lifestyles is discussed.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/131000
Galliari, Fernando Carlos; Carlini, Alfredo Armando; Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution; Springer; Journal of Mammalian Evolution; 26; 4; 12-2019; 493-504
1064-7554
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/131000
identifier_str_mv Galliari, Fernando Carlos; Carlini, Alfredo Armando; Xenarthran synsacrum morphology and evolution; Springer; Journal of Mammalian Evolution; 26; 4; 12-2019; 493-504
1064-7554
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10914-018-9442-0
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s10914-018-9442-0
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 12.982451

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