Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries

Autores
Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás; Tomás, José M.; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Carbajal León, Carlos; Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro; Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar; Martino, Pablo Luis; Barés, Ignacio; Calandra, Manuel; Anacona, César Armando Rey; López Calle, Claudio; Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo; Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René; Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías; del Carpio, Perla; Quintero, Yazmín; Robles, Erika; Lombardo, Macerlo Panza; Recalde, Olivia Gamarra; Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo; White, Michael; Videla, Carmen Burgos
Año de publicación
2021
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19.
Fil: Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás. Universidad Privada del Norte; Perú
Fil: Tomás, José M.. Universidad de Valencia; España
Fil: Vilca, Lindsey W.. Universidad Peruana Unión; Perú
Fil: Carbajal León, Carlos. Universidad Privada del Norte; Perú
Fil: Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina
Fil: Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina. Universidad Catolica de Maule; Chile
Fil: Martino, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Barés, Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Calandra, Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Anacona, César Armando Rey. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombia
Fil: López Calle, Claudio. Universidad de Cuenca; Ecuador
Fil: Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Ecuador
Fil: Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René. Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador; El Salvador
Fil: Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías. Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador; El Salvador
Fil: del Carpio, Perla. Universidad de Guanajuato; México
Fil: Quintero, Yazmín. Universidad de Guanajuato; México
Fil: Robles, Erika. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; México
Fil: Lombardo, Macerlo Panza. Universidad Nacional del Este; Paraguay
Fil: Recalde, Olivia Gamarra. No especifíca;
Fil: Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo. Centro de Estudios Adlerianos; Uruguay
Fil: White, Michael. Universidad Peruana Unión; Perú
Fil: Videla, Carmen Burgos. Universidad de Atacama; Chile
Materia
anxiety
pandemic
COVID-19
depression
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/148405
Acceder
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repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countriesCaycho Rodríguez, TomásTomás, José M.Vilca, Lindsey W.Carbajal León, CarlosCervigni, Mauricio AlejandroGallegos de San Vicente, Miguel OmarMartino, Pablo LuisBarés, IgnacioCalandra, ManuelAnacona, César Armando ReyLópez Calle, ClaudioMoreta Herrera, RodrigoChacón Andrade, Edgardo RenéLobosv Rivera, Marlon Elíasdel Carpio, PerlaQuintero, YazmínRobles, ErikaLombardo, Macerlo PanzaRecalde, Olivia GamarraFigares, Andrés BuschiazzoWhite, MichaelVidela, Carmen BurgosanxietypandemicCOVID-19depressionhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19.Fil: Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás. Universidad Privada del Norte; PerúFil: Tomás, José M.. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Vilca, Lindsey W.. Universidad Peruana Unión; PerúFil: Carbajal León, Carlos. Universidad Privada del Norte; PerúFil: Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; ArgentinaFil: Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina. Universidad Catolica de Maule; ChileFil: Martino, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barés, Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Calandra, Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Anacona, César Armando Rey. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: López Calle, Claudio. Universidad de Cuenca; EcuadorFil: Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René. Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador; El SalvadorFil: Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías. Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador; El SalvadorFil: del Carpio, Perla. Universidad de Guanajuato; MéxicoFil: Quintero, Yazmín. Universidad de Guanajuato; MéxicoFil: Robles, Erika. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; MéxicoFil: Lombardo, Macerlo Panza. Universidad Nacional del Este; ParaguayFil: Recalde, Olivia Gamarra. No especifíca;Fil: Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo. Centro de Estudios Adlerianos; UruguayFil: White, Michael. Universidad Peruana Unión; PerúFil: Videla, Carmen Burgos. Universidad de Atacama; ChileFrontiers Research Foundation2021-11-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/148405Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás; Tomás, José M.; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Carbajal León, Carlos; Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro; et al.; Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries; Frontiers Research Foundation; Frontiers in Psychology; 12; 695989; 5-11-2021; 1-151664-1078CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695989/fullinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695989info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-10T12:59:46Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/148405instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-10 12:59:46.489CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
title Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
spellingShingle Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás
anxiety
pandemic
COVID-19
depression
title_short Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
title_full Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
title_fullStr Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
title_full_unstemmed Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
title_sort Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás
Tomás, José M.
Vilca, Lindsey W.
Carbajal León, Carlos
Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro
Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar
Martino, Pablo Luis
Barés, Ignacio
Calandra, Manuel
Anacona, César Armando Rey
López Calle, Claudio
Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo
Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René
Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías
del Carpio, Perla
Quintero, Yazmín
Robles, Erika
Lombardo, Macerlo Panza
Recalde, Olivia Gamarra
Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo
White, Michael
Videla, Carmen Burgos
author Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás
author_facet Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás
Tomás, José M.
Vilca, Lindsey W.
Carbajal León, Carlos
Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro
Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar
Martino, Pablo Luis
Barés, Ignacio
Calandra, Manuel
Anacona, César Armando Rey
López Calle, Claudio
Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo
Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René
Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías
del Carpio, Perla
Quintero, Yazmín
Robles, Erika
Lombardo, Macerlo Panza
Recalde, Olivia Gamarra
Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo
White, Michael
Videla, Carmen Burgos
author_role author
author2 Tomás, José M.
Vilca, Lindsey W.
Carbajal León, Carlos
Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro
Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar
Martino, Pablo Luis
Barés, Ignacio
Calandra, Manuel
Anacona, César Armando Rey
López Calle, Claudio
Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo
Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René
Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías
del Carpio, Perla
Quintero, Yazmín
Robles, Erika
Lombardo, Macerlo Panza
Recalde, Olivia Gamarra
Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo
White, Michael
Videla, Carmen Burgos
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv anxiety
pandemic
COVID-19
depression
topic anxiety
pandemic
COVID-19
depression
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19.
Fil: Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás. Universidad Privada del Norte; Perú
Fil: Tomás, José M.. Universidad de Valencia; España
Fil: Vilca, Lindsey W.. Universidad Peruana Unión; Perú
Fil: Carbajal León, Carlos. Universidad Privada del Norte; Perú
Fil: Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina
Fil: Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina. Universidad Catolica de Maule; Chile
Fil: Martino, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Barés, Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Calandra, Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Anacona, César Armando Rey. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombia
Fil: López Calle, Claudio. Universidad de Cuenca; Ecuador
Fil: Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Ecuador
Fil: Chacón Andrade, Edgardo René. Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador; El Salvador
Fil: Lobosv Rivera, Marlon Elías. Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador; El Salvador
Fil: del Carpio, Perla. Universidad de Guanajuato; México
Fil: Quintero, Yazmín. Universidad de Guanajuato; México
Fil: Robles, Erika. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; México
Fil: Lombardo, Macerlo Panza. Universidad Nacional del Este; Paraguay
Fil: Recalde, Olivia Gamarra. No especifíca;
Fil: Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo. Centro de Estudios Adlerianos; Uruguay
Fil: White, Michael. Universidad Peruana Unión; Perú
Fil: Videla, Carmen Burgos. Universidad de Atacama; Chile
description The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-11-05
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/148405
Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás; Tomás, José M.; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Carbajal León, Carlos; Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro; et al.; Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries; Frontiers Research Foundation; Frontiers in Psychology; 12; 695989; 5-11-2021; 1-15
1664-1078
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/148405
identifier_str_mv Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás; Tomás, José M.; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Carbajal León, Carlos; Cervigni, Mauricio Alejandro; et al.; Socio demographic variables, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and depression: Prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven Latin American countries; Frontiers Research Foundation; Frontiers in Psychology; 12; 695989; 5-11-2021; 1-15
1664-1078
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695989/full
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695989
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Research Foundation
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Research Foundation
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 12.993085

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