Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia
- Autores
- Coronato, Fernando Raul; Tourrand, Jean Francois
- Año de publicación
- 2020
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- parte de libro
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- In the second half of the 19th century, Europe imported raw materials to support the growth of its industry, which in turn produced a demographic surplus. The countries of the Southern Cone were part of this globalized system as suppliers of commodities and receivers of migrants and capital. In the midst of the process of building its territory, Argentina led from 1879 to 1884 a military campaign that evicted the Amerindians from Patagonia, according to the classic process of border expansion. After the indigenous population was decimated, Patagonia was colonized by sheep moving southward from the plains of the pampas, and northward from the Falkland Islands. The national division of labor allocated the fertile pampas to cereals and cattle, and Patagonia to sheep rearing. Thus, on the vast arid plateaus, where a few Native American tribes remained, sheep eventually thrived despite predators such as pumas and foxes. Above and beyond, it was necessary to occupy rapidly the territory to coun‐ ter the Chilean expansionist vision. Patagonian rangelands had a low‐carrying capacity of at most one sheep per hectare. These figures were largely overestimated, both by the legislators and the first breeders, whose references were those of the pampas and the Falklands, where rainfall levels were three to four times higher. A century later, the result of colonization by sheep is a serious degradation of the rangelands on almost two thirds of the territory, with many abandoned farms. The number of sheep reached a peak of 22 million around 1950 and declined regularly since then. As a result, the Patagonian ecosystem is a large demo‐ graphic void with less than one inhabitant per square kilometer; the population is con‐ centrated in very few urban centers
Fil: Coronato, Fernando Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina
Fil: Tourrand, Jean Francois. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; Francia - Materia
-
TERRITORY
SHEEPHERDS
GEOPOLITICS
DESERTIFICATION - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/169225
Ver los metadatos del registro completo
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Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine PatagoniaCoronato, Fernando RaulTourrand, Jean FrancoisTERRITORYSHEEPHERDSGEOPOLITICSDESERTIFICATIONhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.2https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4In the second half of the 19th century, Europe imported raw materials to support the growth of its industry, which in turn produced a demographic surplus. The countries of the Southern Cone were part of this globalized system as suppliers of commodities and receivers of migrants and capital. In the midst of the process of building its territory, Argentina led from 1879 to 1884 a military campaign that evicted the Amerindians from Patagonia, according to the classic process of border expansion. After the indigenous population was decimated, Patagonia was colonized by sheep moving southward from the plains of the pampas, and northward from the Falkland Islands. The national division of labor allocated the fertile pampas to cereals and cattle, and Patagonia to sheep rearing. Thus, on the vast arid plateaus, where a few Native American tribes remained, sheep eventually thrived despite predators such as pumas and foxes. Above and beyond, it was necessary to occupy rapidly the territory to coun‐ ter the Chilean expansionist vision. Patagonian rangelands had a low‐carrying capacity of at most one sheep per hectare. These figures were largely overestimated, both by the legislators and the first breeders, whose references were those of the pampas and the Falklands, where rainfall levels were three to four times higher. A century later, the result of colonization by sheep is a serious degradation of the rangelands on almost two thirds of the territory, with many abandoned farms. The number of sheep reached a peak of 22 million around 1950 and declined regularly since then. As a result, the Patagonian ecosystem is a large demo‐ graphic void with less than one inhabitant per square kilometer; the population is con‐ centrated in very few urban centersFil: Coronato, Fernando Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Tourrand, Jean Francois. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; FranciaCentre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le DéveloppermentTourrand, Jean FrancoisWaquil, PauloMaraval, Marie CécileSraïri, Mohamed TaherDuarte, Laura GracielaKozloski, G. V.2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bookParthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248info:ar-repo/semantics/parteDeLibroapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/169225Coronato, Fernando Raul; Tourrand, Jean Francois; Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; 2020; 67-78978-2-87614-762-1CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://agritrop.cirad.fr/597324/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:54:11Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/169225instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:54:11.512CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
title |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
spellingShingle |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia Coronato, Fernando Raul TERRITORY SHEEPHERDS GEOPOLITICS DESERTIFICATION |
title_short |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
title_full |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
title_fullStr |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
title_sort |
Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Coronato, Fernando Raul Tourrand, Jean Francois |
author |
Coronato, Fernando Raul |
author_facet |
Coronato, Fernando Raul Tourrand, Jean Francois |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Tourrand, Jean Francois |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Tourrand, Jean Francois Waquil, Paulo Maraval, Marie Cécile Sraïri, Mohamed Taher Duarte, Laura Graciela Kozloski, G. V. |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
TERRITORY SHEEPHERDS GEOPOLITICS DESERTIFICATION |
topic |
TERRITORY SHEEPHERDS GEOPOLITICS DESERTIFICATION |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.2 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
In the second half of the 19th century, Europe imported raw materials to support the growth of its industry, which in turn produced a demographic surplus. The countries of the Southern Cone were part of this globalized system as suppliers of commodities and receivers of migrants and capital. In the midst of the process of building its territory, Argentina led from 1879 to 1884 a military campaign that evicted the Amerindians from Patagonia, according to the classic process of border expansion. After the indigenous population was decimated, Patagonia was colonized by sheep moving southward from the plains of the pampas, and northward from the Falkland Islands. The national division of labor allocated the fertile pampas to cereals and cattle, and Patagonia to sheep rearing. Thus, on the vast arid plateaus, where a few Native American tribes remained, sheep eventually thrived despite predators such as pumas and foxes. Above and beyond, it was necessary to occupy rapidly the territory to coun‐ ter the Chilean expansionist vision. Patagonian rangelands had a low‐carrying capacity of at most one sheep per hectare. These figures were largely overestimated, both by the legislators and the first breeders, whose references were those of the pampas and the Falklands, where rainfall levels were three to four times higher. A century later, the result of colonization by sheep is a serious degradation of the rangelands on almost two thirds of the territory, with many abandoned farms. The number of sheep reached a peak of 22 million around 1950 and declined regularly since then. As a result, the Patagonian ecosystem is a large demo‐ graphic void with less than one inhabitant per square kilometer; the population is con‐ centrated in very few urban centers Fil: Coronato, Fernando Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina Fil: Tourrand, Jean Francois. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; Francia |
description |
In the second half of the 19th century, Europe imported raw materials to support the growth of its industry, which in turn produced a demographic surplus. The countries of the Southern Cone were part of this globalized system as suppliers of commodities and receivers of migrants and capital. In the midst of the process of building its territory, Argentina led from 1879 to 1884 a military campaign that evicted the Amerindians from Patagonia, according to the classic process of border expansion. After the indigenous population was decimated, Patagonia was colonized by sheep moving southward from the plains of the pampas, and northward from the Falkland Islands. The national division of labor allocated the fertile pampas to cereals and cattle, and Patagonia to sheep rearing. Thus, on the vast arid plateaus, where a few Native American tribes remained, sheep eventually thrived despite predators such as pumas and foxes. Above and beyond, it was necessary to occupy rapidly the territory to coun‐ ter the Chilean expansionist vision. Patagonian rangelands had a low‐carrying capacity of at most one sheep per hectare. These figures were largely overestimated, both by the legislators and the first breeders, whose references were those of the pampas and the Falklands, where rainfall levels were three to four times higher. A century later, the result of colonization by sheep is a serious degradation of the rangelands on almost two thirds of the territory, with many abandoned farms. The number of sheep reached a peak of 22 million around 1950 and declined regularly since then. As a result, the Patagonian ecosystem is a large demo‐ graphic void with less than one inhabitant per square kilometer; the population is con‐ centrated in very few urban centers |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248 info:ar-repo/semantics/parteDeLibro |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
format |
bookPart |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/169225 Coronato, Fernando Raul; Tourrand, Jean Francois; Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; 2020; 67-78 978-2-87614-762-1 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/169225 |
identifier_str_mv |
Coronato, Fernando Raul; Tourrand, Jean Francois; Sheep policy in the colonization of Argentine Patagonia; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; 2020; 67-78 978-2-87614-762-1 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://agritrop.cirad.fr/597324/ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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13.070432 |