Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones

Autores
Zastko, L.; Makinistian, Leonardo; Tvarozná, A.; Ferreyra, F. L.; Belyaev, I.
Año de publicación
2021
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Whether the use of mobile phones (MP) represents a health hazard is still under debate. As part of the attempts to resolve this uncertainty, there has been an extensive characterization of the electromagnetic fields MP emit and receive. While the radiofrequencies (RF) have been studied exhaustively, the static magnetic fields (SMF) have received much less attention, regardless of the fact there is a wealth of evidence demonstrating their biological effects. We performed 2D maps of the SMF at several distances from the screen of 5 MP (models between 2013 and 2018) using a tri-axis magnetometer. We built a mathematical model to fit our measurements, extrapolated them down to the phones’ screen, and calculated the SMF on the skin of a 3D head model, showing that exposure is in the µT to mT range. Our literature survey prompts the need of further research not only on the biological effects of SMF and their gradients, but also on their combination with extremely low frequency (ELF) and RF fields. The study of combined fields (SMF, ELF, and RF) as similar as possible to the ones that occur in reality should provide a more sensible assessment of potential risks.
Fil: Zastko, L.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; Eslovaquia
Fil: Makinistian, Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentina
Fil: Tvarozná, A.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; Eslovaquia
Fil: Ferreyra, F. L.. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina
Fil: Belyaev, I.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; Eslovaquia
Materia
STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS
MOBILE PHONES
MAGNETIC FIELDS AND RF FIELDS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/173721
Acceder
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phonesZastko, L.Makinistian, LeonardoTvarozná, A.Ferreyra, F. L.Belyaev, I.STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDSMOBILE PHONESMAGNETIC FIELDS AND RF FIELDShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Whether the use of mobile phones (MP) represents a health hazard is still under debate. As part of the attempts to resolve this uncertainty, there has been an extensive characterization of the electromagnetic fields MP emit and receive. While the radiofrequencies (RF) have been studied exhaustively, the static magnetic fields (SMF) have received much less attention, regardless of the fact there is a wealth of evidence demonstrating their biological effects. We performed 2D maps of the SMF at several distances from the screen of 5 MP (models between 2013 and 2018) using a tri-axis magnetometer. We built a mathematical model to fit our measurements, extrapolated them down to the phones’ screen, and calculated the SMF on the skin of a 3D head model, showing that exposure is in the µT to mT range. Our literature survey prompts the need of further research not only on the biological effects of SMF and their gradients, but also on their combination with extremely low frequency (ELF) and RF fields. The study of combined fields (SMF, ELF, and RF) as similar as possible to the ones that occur in reality should provide a more sensible assessment of potential risks.Fil: Zastko, L.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; EslovaquiaFil: Makinistian, Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Tvarozná, A.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; EslovaquiaFil: Ferreyra, F. L.. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Belyaev, I.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; EslovaquiaNature Publishing Group2021-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/173721Zastko, L.; Makinistian, Leonardo; Tvarozná, A.; Ferreyra, F. L.; Belyaev, I.; Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones; Nature Publishing Group; Scientific Reports; 11; 1; 12-2021; 1-102045-2322CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41598-021-98083-9info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-98083-9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:17:22Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/173721instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:17:23.165CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
title Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
spellingShingle Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
Zastko, L.
STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS
MOBILE PHONES
MAGNETIC FIELDS AND RF FIELDS
title_short Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
title_full Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
title_fullStr Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
title_full_unstemmed Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
title_sort Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Zastko, L.
Makinistian, Leonardo
Tvarozná, A.
Ferreyra, F. L.
Belyaev, I.
author Zastko, L.
author_facet Zastko, L.
Makinistian, Leonardo
Tvarozná, A.
Ferreyra, F. L.
Belyaev, I.
author_role author
author2 Makinistian, Leonardo
Tvarozná, A.
Ferreyra, F. L.
Belyaev, I.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS
MOBILE PHONES
MAGNETIC FIELDS AND RF FIELDS
topic STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS
MOBILE PHONES
MAGNETIC FIELDS AND RF FIELDS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Whether the use of mobile phones (MP) represents a health hazard is still under debate. As part of the attempts to resolve this uncertainty, there has been an extensive characterization of the electromagnetic fields MP emit and receive. While the radiofrequencies (RF) have been studied exhaustively, the static magnetic fields (SMF) have received much less attention, regardless of the fact there is a wealth of evidence demonstrating their biological effects. We performed 2D maps of the SMF at several distances from the screen of 5 MP (models between 2013 and 2018) using a tri-axis magnetometer. We built a mathematical model to fit our measurements, extrapolated them down to the phones’ screen, and calculated the SMF on the skin of a 3D head model, showing that exposure is in the µT to mT range. Our literature survey prompts the need of further research not only on the biological effects of SMF and their gradients, but also on their combination with extremely low frequency (ELF) and RF fields. The study of combined fields (SMF, ELF, and RF) as similar as possible to the ones that occur in reality should provide a more sensible assessment of potential risks.
Fil: Zastko, L.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; Eslovaquia
Fil: Makinistian, Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentina
Fil: Tvarozná, A.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; Eslovaquia
Fil: Ferreyra, F. L.. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina
Fil: Belyaev, I.. Cancer Research Institute Of Slovak Academy Of Sciences; Eslovaquia
description Whether the use of mobile phones (MP) represents a health hazard is still under debate. As part of the attempts to resolve this uncertainty, there has been an extensive characterization of the electromagnetic fields MP emit and receive. While the radiofrequencies (RF) have been studied exhaustively, the static magnetic fields (SMF) have received much less attention, regardless of the fact there is a wealth of evidence demonstrating their biological effects. We performed 2D maps of the SMF at several distances from the screen of 5 MP (models between 2013 and 2018) using a tri-axis magnetometer. We built a mathematical model to fit our measurements, extrapolated them down to the phones’ screen, and calculated the SMF on the skin of a 3D head model, showing that exposure is in the µT to mT range. Our literature survey prompts the need of further research not only on the biological effects of SMF and their gradients, but also on their combination with extremely low frequency (ELF) and RF fields. The study of combined fields (SMF, ELF, and RF) as similar as possible to the ones that occur in reality should provide a more sensible assessment of potential risks.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/173721
Zastko, L.; Makinistian, Leonardo; Tvarozná, A.; Ferreyra, F. L.; Belyaev, I.; Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones; Nature Publishing Group; Scientific Reports; 11; 1; 12-2021; 1-10
2045-2322
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/173721
identifier_str_mv Zastko, L.; Makinistian, Leonardo; Tvarozná, A.; Ferreyra, F. L.; Belyaev, I.; Mapping of static magnetic fields near the surface of mobile phones; Nature Publishing Group; Scientific Reports; 11; 1; 12-2021; 1-10
2045-2322
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41598-021-98083-9
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-98083-9
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Publishing Group
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Publishing Group
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 12.982451

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