Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)

Autores
Cassini, Guillermo Hernán
Año de publicación
2013
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Three orders of South American extinct native ungulates are recorded from the Santa Cruz Formation along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino, and Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino, and Thoatherium Ameghino), and Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). An ecomorphological study based on geometric morphometrics of the masticatory apparatus was performed. The reference sample included 618 extant specimens of the orders Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea, and Diprotodontia. Thirty six cranial and 27 mandibular three-dimensional landmarks were digitized. Allometric scaling, principal component analyses, and phylogenetic generalized estimating equations on the cranium and mandible were preformed. Analyses of cranial shape show strong phylogenetic constraints, whereas the mandibular analyses show a functional pattern related to habitat/ diet and hypsodonty. The extant brachydont ungulates from closed habitats show a more elongated and narrower mandibular symphysis with a lower mandibular corpus, than hypsodont, open habitat species. The latter have short symphyses with a high, curved mandibular corpus. This morphological pattern was also present among Santacrucian ungulates, allowing characterization of notoungulates mainly as open habitats dwellers, with some taxa foraging on grass (Protypotherium, Interatherium), and others on grass and leaves (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos, and Adinotherium), depending on the availability. Nesodon may have dwelled in mixed habitats and had a mixed feeding behavior, while small proterotheriids (Anisolophus and Thoatherium) may have fed predominantly on dicotyledonous plants. The remaining litopterns (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus, and Theosodon) and Astrapotherium may have foraged in closed habitats and fed on dicotyledonous plants.
En la Formación Santa Cruz a lo largo de la costa atlántica patagónica se registran tres órdenes de ungulados nativos sudamericanos: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino y Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino y Thoatherium Ameghino) y Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). Se realizaron estudios ecomorfológicos mediante morfometría geomé- trica del aparato masticatorio. Se incluyeron 618 especímenes actuales de los órdenes Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea y Diprotodontia como marco de referencia. Se utilizaron 36 landmarks tridimensionales craneanos y 27 mandibulares. Se realizaron análisis alométricos, componentes principales y ecuaciones de estimación generalizada con control filogenético de cráneo y mandíbula. Los análisis cranianos estuvieron más condicionados por la filogenia, mientras que la mandíbula muestra un patrón funcional complejo entre hábitat/dieta e hipsodoncia. Los ungulados actuales de ambientes cerrados y braquiodontes poseen mandíbulas con la sínfisis alargada y estrecha y cuerpo mandibular más bajo que las especies de ambientes abiertos e hipsodontes, las cuales poseen mandíbulas con la sínfisis corta y cuerpo mandibular alto y curvado. Este patrón morfológico se repite entre los ungulados santacrucenses, permitiendo ubicar a los Notoungulata principalmente en ambientes abiertos. Algunos taxones forrajearían en pasturas (Protypotherium, Interatherium), otros lo harían en pasturas o hierbas (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos y Adinotherium), dependiendo de la disponibilidad. Nesodon habitaría ambientes mixtos y tendría dieta mixta, mientras que los proterotéridos pequeños (Anisolophus y Thoatherium) se alimentarían predominantemente de dicotiledóneas. Los Litopterna restantes (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus y Theosodon) y Astrapotherium forrajearían en ambientes cerrados, alimentándose sobre dicotiledóneas.
Fil: Cassini, Guillermo Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Argentina
Materia
Ecomorphology
Masticatory Apparatus
Skull Allometry
Habitat
Diet
Paleobiology
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/26393

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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)Morfometría geométrica cráneo-mandibular y paleoecología de los Ungulados nativos (Astrapotheria, Litopterna y Notoungulata) Santacrucences (mioceno temprano tardío; Patagonia)Cassini, Guillermo HernánEcomorphologyMasticatory ApparatusSkull AllometryHabitatDietPaleobiologyhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Three orders of South American extinct native ungulates are recorded from the Santa Cruz Formation along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino, and Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino, and Thoatherium Ameghino), and Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). An ecomorphological study based on geometric morphometrics of the masticatory apparatus was performed. The reference sample included 618 extant specimens of the orders Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea, and Diprotodontia. Thirty six cranial and 27 mandibular three-dimensional landmarks were digitized. Allometric scaling, principal component analyses, and phylogenetic generalized estimating equations on the cranium and mandible were preformed. Analyses of cranial shape show strong phylogenetic constraints, whereas the mandibular analyses show a functional pattern related to habitat/ diet and hypsodonty. The extant brachydont ungulates from closed habitats show a more elongated and narrower mandibular symphysis with a lower mandibular corpus, than hypsodont, open habitat species. The latter have short symphyses with a high, curved mandibular corpus. This morphological pattern was also present among Santacrucian ungulates, allowing characterization of notoungulates mainly as open habitats dwellers, with some taxa foraging on grass (Protypotherium, Interatherium), and others on grass and leaves (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos, and Adinotherium), depending on the availability. Nesodon may have dwelled in mixed habitats and had a mixed feeding behavior, while small proterotheriids (Anisolophus and Thoatherium) may have fed predominantly on dicotyledonous plants. The remaining litopterns (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus, and Theosodon) and Astrapotherium may have foraged in closed habitats and fed on dicotyledonous plants.En la Formación Santa Cruz a lo largo de la costa atlántica patagónica se registran tres órdenes de ungulados nativos sudamericanos: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino y Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino y Thoatherium Ameghino) y Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). Se realizaron estudios ecomorfológicos mediante morfometría geomé- trica del aparato masticatorio. Se incluyeron 618 especímenes actuales de los órdenes Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea y Diprotodontia como marco de referencia. Se utilizaron 36 landmarks tridimensionales craneanos y 27 mandibulares. Se realizaron análisis alométricos, componentes principales y ecuaciones de estimación generalizada con control filogenético de cráneo y mandíbula. Los análisis cranianos estuvieron más condicionados por la filogenia, mientras que la mandíbula muestra un patrón funcional complejo entre hábitat/dieta e hipsodoncia. Los ungulados actuales de ambientes cerrados y braquiodontes poseen mandíbulas con la sínfisis alargada y estrecha y cuerpo mandibular más bajo que las especies de ambientes abiertos e hipsodontes, las cuales poseen mandíbulas con la sínfisis corta y cuerpo mandibular alto y curvado. Este patrón morfológico se repite entre los ungulados santacrucenses, permitiendo ubicar a los Notoungulata principalmente en ambientes abiertos. Algunos taxones forrajearían en pasturas (Protypotherium, Interatherium), otros lo harían en pasturas o hierbas (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos y Adinotherium), dependiendo de la disponibilidad. Nesodon habitaría ambientes mixtos y tendría dieta mixta, mientras que los proterotéridos pequeños (Anisolophus y Thoatherium) se alimentarían predominantemente de dicotiledóneas. Los Litopterna restantes (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus y Theosodon) y Astrapotherium forrajearían en ambientes cerrados, alimentándose sobre dicotiledóneas.Fil: Cassini, Guillermo Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaAsociacion Paleontologica Argentina2013-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/26393Cassini, Guillermo Hernán; Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata); Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina; Ameghiniana; 50; 2; 4-2013; 193-2160002-70141851-8044CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.ameghiniana.org.ar/index.php/ameghiniana/article/view/606info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5710/AMGH.7.04.2013.606info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5710/AMGH.7.04.2013.606info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-17T11:46:00Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/26393instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-17 11:46:01.266CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
Morfometría geométrica cráneo-mandibular y paleoecología de los Ungulados nativos (Astrapotheria, Litopterna y Notoungulata) Santacrucences (mioceno temprano tardío; Patagonia)
title Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
spellingShingle Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
Cassini, Guillermo Hernán
Ecomorphology
Masticatory Apparatus
Skull Allometry
Habitat
Diet
Paleobiology
title_short Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
title_full Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
title_fullStr Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
title_full_unstemmed Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
title_sort Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cassini, Guillermo Hernán
author Cassini, Guillermo Hernán
author_facet Cassini, Guillermo Hernán
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ecomorphology
Masticatory Apparatus
Skull Allometry
Habitat
Diet
Paleobiology
topic Ecomorphology
Masticatory Apparatus
Skull Allometry
Habitat
Diet
Paleobiology
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Three orders of South American extinct native ungulates are recorded from the Santa Cruz Formation along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino, and Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino, and Thoatherium Ameghino), and Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). An ecomorphological study based on geometric morphometrics of the masticatory apparatus was performed. The reference sample included 618 extant specimens of the orders Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea, and Diprotodontia. Thirty six cranial and 27 mandibular three-dimensional landmarks were digitized. Allometric scaling, principal component analyses, and phylogenetic generalized estimating equations on the cranium and mandible were preformed. Analyses of cranial shape show strong phylogenetic constraints, whereas the mandibular analyses show a functional pattern related to habitat/ diet and hypsodonty. The extant brachydont ungulates from closed habitats show a more elongated and narrower mandibular symphysis with a lower mandibular corpus, than hypsodont, open habitat species. The latter have short symphyses with a high, curved mandibular corpus. This morphological pattern was also present among Santacrucian ungulates, allowing characterization of notoungulates mainly as open habitats dwellers, with some taxa foraging on grass (Protypotherium, Interatherium), and others on grass and leaves (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos, and Adinotherium), depending on the availability. Nesodon may have dwelled in mixed habitats and had a mixed feeding behavior, while small proterotheriids (Anisolophus and Thoatherium) may have fed predominantly on dicotyledonous plants. The remaining litopterns (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus, and Theosodon) and Astrapotherium may have foraged in closed habitats and fed on dicotyledonous plants.
En la Formación Santa Cruz a lo largo de la costa atlántica patagónica se registran tres órdenes de ungulados nativos sudamericanos: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino y Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino y Thoatherium Ameghino) y Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). Se realizaron estudios ecomorfológicos mediante morfometría geomé- trica del aparato masticatorio. Se incluyeron 618 especímenes actuales de los órdenes Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea y Diprotodontia como marco de referencia. Se utilizaron 36 landmarks tridimensionales craneanos y 27 mandibulares. Se realizaron análisis alométricos, componentes principales y ecuaciones de estimación generalizada con control filogenético de cráneo y mandíbula. Los análisis cranianos estuvieron más condicionados por la filogenia, mientras que la mandíbula muestra un patrón funcional complejo entre hábitat/dieta e hipsodoncia. Los ungulados actuales de ambientes cerrados y braquiodontes poseen mandíbulas con la sínfisis alargada y estrecha y cuerpo mandibular más bajo que las especies de ambientes abiertos e hipsodontes, las cuales poseen mandíbulas con la sínfisis corta y cuerpo mandibular alto y curvado. Este patrón morfológico se repite entre los ungulados santacrucenses, permitiendo ubicar a los Notoungulata principalmente en ambientes abiertos. Algunos taxones forrajearían en pasturas (Protypotherium, Interatherium), otros lo harían en pasturas o hierbas (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos y Adinotherium), dependiendo de la disponibilidad. Nesodon habitaría ambientes mixtos y tendría dieta mixta, mientras que los proterotéridos pequeños (Anisolophus y Thoatherium) se alimentarían predominantemente de dicotiledóneas. Los Litopterna restantes (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus y Theosodon) y Astrapotherium forrajearían en ambientes cerrados, alimentándose sobre dicotiledóneas.
Fil: Cassini, Guillermo Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Argentina
description Three orders of South American extinct native ungulates are recorded from the Santa Cruz Formation along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia: Notoungulata (Adinotherium Ameghino, Nesodon Owen, Interatherium Ameghino, Protypotherium Ameghino, Hegetotherium Ameghino, and Pachyrukhos Ameghino), Litopterna (Theosodon Ameghino, Anisolophus Burmeister, Tetramerorhinus Ameghino, Diadiaphorus Ameghino, and Thoatherium Ameghino), and Astrapotheria (Astrapotherium Burmeister). An ecomorphological study based on geometric morphometrics of the masticatory apparatus was performed. The reference sample included 618 extant specimens of the orders Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Hyracoidea, and Diprotodontia. Thirty six cranial and 27 mandibular three-dimensional landmarks were digitized. Allometric scaling, principal component analyses, and phylogenetic generalized estimating equations on the cranium and mandible were preformed. Analyses of cranial shape show strong phylogenetic constraints, whereas the mandibular analyses show a functional pattern related to habitat/ diet and hypsodonty. The extant brachydont ungulates from closed habitats show a more elongated and narrower mandibular symphysis with a lower mandibular corpus, than hypsodont, open habitat species. The latter have short symphyses with a high, curved mandibular corpus. This morphological pattern was also present among Santacrucian ungulates, allowing characterization of notoungulates mainly as open habitats dwellers, with some taxa foraging on grass (Protypotherium, Interatherium), and others on grass and leaves (Hegetotherium, Pachyrukhos, and Adinotherium), depending on the availability. Nesodon may have dwelled in mixed habitats and had a mixed feeding behavior, while small proterotheriids (Anisolophus and Thoatherium) may have fed predominantly on dicotyledonous plants. The remaining litopterns (Tetramerorhinus, Diadiaphorus, and Theosodon) and Astrapotherium may have foraged in closed habitats and fed on dicotyledonous plants.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013-04
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/26393
Cassini, Guillermo Hernán; Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata); Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina; Ameghiniana; 50; 2; 4-2013; 193-216
0002-7014
1851-8044
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/26393
identifier_str_mv Cassini, Guillermo Hernán; Skull geometric morphometrics and paleoecology of Santacrucian (late early miocene; Patagonia) native Ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, and Notoungulata); Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina; Ameghiniana; 50; 2; 4-2013; 193-216
0002-7014
1851-8044
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5710/AMGH.7.04.2013.606
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5710/AMGH.7.04.2013.606
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application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina
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instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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