Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
- Autores
- Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel
- Año de publicación
- 2018
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction.
As sentenças contra Estados soberanos são difíceis de executar judicialmente. O Tribunal de Nova York, no processo NML Capital Ltd. v. Argentina (NML), tentou modificar esta situação por meio de uma injunction, que bloqueou os pagamentos da dívida soberana argentina. A literatura especializada previu teoricamente que esta injunction causaria danos a terceiros inocentes e problemas com outros Estados. Este artigo corrobora empiricamente essas previsões através da análise de um processo derivado do NML: o caso Citibank Argentina. Sua análise confirma a validade das reservas oportunamente apresentadas pela literatura sobre a falta de uma avaliação adequada pelo Tribunal indicado dos requisitos que o sistema jurídico dos Estados Unidos impõe para que seja válida uma injunction que afeta terceiros e opera extraterritorialmente. O artigo também argumenta que existem razões jurídicas de peso para que as autoridades de terceiros países declarem improcedentes os efeitos extraterritoriais de uma injunction, como a obtida pelo NML, quando esses efeitos recaem sobre ativos e agentes localizados na jurisdição dessas autoridades.
Fil: Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina - Materia
-
Sovereign Debt
Vulture Funds
Injunction
Sovereign Immunity
Enforceability - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/93925
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Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunctionExecutabilidade das sentenças de condenação de Estados soberanos: análise crítica da injunction do caso NML vs. ArgentinaManzo, Alejandro GabrielSovereign DebtVulture FundsInjunctionSovereign ImmunityEnforceabilityhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction.As sentenças contra Estados soberanos são difíceis de executar judicialmente. O Tribunal de Nova York, no processo NML Capital Ltd. v. Argentina (NML), tentou modificar esta situação por meio de uma injunction, que bloqueou os pagamentos da dívida soberana argentina. A literatura especializada previu teoricamente que esta injunction causaria danos a terceiros inocentes e problemas com outros Estados. Este artigo corrobora empiricamente essas previsões através da análise de um processo derivado do NML: o caso Citibank Argentina. Sua análise confirma a validade das reservas oportunamente apresentadas pela literatura sobre a falta de uma avaliação adequada pelo Tribunal indicado dos requisitos que o sistema jurídico dos Estados Unidos impõe para que seja válida uma injunction que afeta terceiros e opera extraterritorialmente. O artigo também argumenta que existem razões jurídicas de peso para que as autoridades de terceiros países declarem improcedentes os efeitos extraterritoriais de uma injunction, como a obtida pelo NML, quando esses efeitos recaem sobre ativos e agentes localizados na jurisdição dessas autoridades.Fil: Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; ArgentinaFundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo2018-08info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/93925Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel; Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction; Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo; Revista Direito GV; 14; 2; 8-2018; 682-7062317-6172CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1590/2317-6172201826info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://ref.scielo.org/k6cwgpinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-03T09:44:21Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/93925instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-03 09:44:22.089CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction Executabilidade das sentenças de condenação de Estados soberanos: análise crítica da injunction do caso NML vs. Argentina |
title |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction |
spellingShingle |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel Sovereign Debt Vulture Funds Injunction Sovereign Immunity Enforceability |
title_short |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction |
title_full |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction |
title_fullStr |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction |
title_sort |
Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel |
author |
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel |
author_facet |
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel |
author_role |
author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Sovereign Debt Vulture Funds Injunction Sovereign Immunity Enforceability |
topic |
Sovereign Debt Vulture Funds Injunction Sovereign Immunity Enforceability |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction. As sentenças contra Estados soberanos são difíceis de executar judicialmente. O Tribunal de Nova York, no processo NML Capital Ltd. v. Argentina (NML), tentou modificar esta situação por meio de uma injunction, que bloqueou os pagamentos da dívida soberana argentina. A literatura especializada previu teoricamente que esta injunction causaria danos a terceiros inocentes e problemas com outros Estados. Este artigo corrobora empiricamente essas previsões através da análise de um processo derivado do NML: o caso Citibank Argentina. Sua análise confirma a validade das reservas oportunamente apresentadas pela literatura sobre a falta de uma avaliação adequada pelo Tribunal indicado dos requisitos que o sistema jurídico dos Estados Unidos impõe para que seja válida uma injunction que afeta terceiros e opera extraterritorialmente. O artigo também argumenta que existem razões jurídicas de peso para que as autoridades de terceiros países declarem improcedentes os efeitos extraterritoriais de uma injunction, como a obtida pelo NML, quando esses efeitos recaem sobre ativos e agentes localizados na jurisdição dessas autoridades. Fil: Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina |
description |
Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-08 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/93925 Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel; Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction; Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo; Revista Direito GV; 14; 2; 8-2018; 682-706 2317-6172 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/93925 |
identifier_str_mv |
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel; Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction; Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo; Revista Direito GV; 14; 2; 8-2018; 682-706 2317-6172 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1590/2317-6172201826 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://ref.scielo.org/k6cwgp |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo |
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reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
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dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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