Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction

Autores
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel
Año de publicación
2018
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction.
As sentenças contra Estados soberanos são difíceis de executar judicialmente. O Tribunal de Nova York, no processo NML Capital Ltd. v. Argentina (NML), tentou modificar esta situação por meio de uma injunction, que bloqueou os pagamentos da dívida soberana argentina. A literatura especializada previu teoricamente que esta injunction causaria danos a terceiros inocentes e problemas com outros Estados. Este artigo corrobora empiricamente essas previsões através da análise de um processo derivado do NML: o caso Citibank Argentina. Sua análise confirma a validade das reservas oportunamente apresentadas pela literatura sobre a falta de uma avaliação adequada pelo Tribunal indicado dos requisitos que o sistema jurídico dos Estados Unidos impõe para que seja válida uma injunction que afeta terceiros e opera extraterritorialmente. O artigo também argumenta que existem razões jurídicas de peso para que as autoridades de terceiros países declarem improcedentes os efeitos extraterritoriais de uma injunction, como a obtida pelo NML, quando esses efeitos recaem sobre ativos e agentes localizados na jurisdição dessas autoridades.
Fil: Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina
Materia
Sovereign Debt
Vulture Funds
Injunction
Sovereign Immunity
Enforceability
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/93925

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spelling Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunctionExecutabilidade das sentenças de condenação de Estados soberanos: análise crítica da injunction do caso NML vs. ArgentinaManzo, Alejandro GabrielSovereign DebtVulture FundsInjunctionSovereign ImmunityEnforceabilityhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction.As sentenças contra Estados soberanos são difíceis de executar judicialmente. O Tribunal de Nova York, no processo NML Capital Ltd. v. Argentina (NML), tentou modificar esta situação por meio de uma injunction, que bloqueou os pagamentos da dívida soberana argentina. A literatura especializada previu teoricamente que esta injunction causaria danos a terceiros inocentes e problemas com outros Estados. Este artigo corrobora empiricamente essas previsões através da análise de um processo derivado do NML: o caso Citibank Argentina. Sua análise confirma a validade das reservas oportunamente apresentadas pela literatura sobre a falta de uma avaliação adequada pelo Tribunal indicado dos requisitos que o sistema jurídico dos Estados Unidos impõe para que seja válida uma injunction que afeta terceiros e opera extraterritorialmente. O artigo também argumenta que existem razões jurídicas de peso para que as autoridades de terceiros países declarem improcedentes os efeitos extraterritoriais de uma injunction, como a obtida pelo NML, quando esses efeitos recaem sobre ativos e agentes localizados na jurisdição dessas autoridades.Fil: Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; ArgentinaFundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo2018-08info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/93925Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel; Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction; Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo; Revista Direito GV; 14; 2; 8-2018; 682-7062317-6172CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1590/2317-6172201826info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://ref.scielo.org/k6cwgpinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-03T09:44:21Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/93925instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-03 09:44:22.089CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
Executabilidade das sentenças de condenação de Estados soberanos: análise crítica da injunction do caso NML vs. Argentina
title Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
spellingShingle Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel
Sovereign Debt
Vulture Funds
Injunction
Sovereign Immunity
Enforceability
title_short Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
title_full Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
title_fullStr Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
title_full_unstemmed Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
title_sort Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel
author Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel
author_facet Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Sovereign Debt
Vulture Funds
Injunction
Sovereign Immunity
Enforceability
topic Sovereign Debt
Vulture Funds
Injunction
Sovereign Immunity
Enforceability
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction.
As sentenças contra Estados soberanos são difíceis de executar judicialmente. O Tribunal de Nova York, no processo NML Capital Ltd. v. Argentina (NML), tentou modificar esta situação por meio de uma injunction, que bloqueou os pagamentos da dívida soberana argentina. A literatura especializada previu teoricamente que esta injunction causaria danos a terceiros inocentes e problemas com outros Estados. Este artigo corrobora empiricamente essas previsões através da análise de um processo derivado do NML: o caso Citibank Argentina. Sua análise confirma a validade das reservas oportunamente apresentadas pela literatura sobre a falta de uma avaliação adequada pelo Tribunal indicado dos requisitos que o sistema jurídico dos Estados Unidos impõe para que seja válida uma injunction que afeta terceiros e opera extraterritorialmente. O artigo também argumenta que existem razões jurídicas de peso para que as autoridades de terceiros países declarem improcedentes os efeitos extraterritoriais de uma injunction, como a obtida pelo NML, quando esses efeitos recaem sobre ativos e agentes localizados na jurisdição dessas autoridades.
Fil: Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina
description Sentences against sovereign States are difficult to enforce in courts. The Court of New York, in “NML Capital Ltd. vs. Argentina” (NML), tried to solve this situation with an injunction that blocked the payments of Argentina’s sovereign debt. The specialized literature has theoretically predicted that this injunction would cause harm to third parties and problems with other States. This article empirically corroborates these predictions with the analysis of a trial derived from NML: the “Citibank Argentina” case. The analysis of this case confirms the restraints presented by the literature about the lack of proper consideration of the requirements that the American legal system imposes for the applicability of an injunction that affects third parties and operates extraterritorially. Similarly, this paper argues that there are solid legal reasons for the authorities of third countries to declare inadmissible the extraterritorial effects of an injunction, such as the one obtained by NML, when those effects fall on assets and agents located in these authorities jurisdiction.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-08
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/93925
Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel; Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction; Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo; Revista Direito GV; 14; 2; 8-2018; 682-706
2317-6172
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/93925
identifier_str_mv Manzo, Alejandro Gabriel; Enforceability of judgments against sovereign States: critical analysis of the NML vs. Argentina injunction; Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo; Revista Direito GV; 14; 2; 8-2018; 682-706
2317-6172
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1590/2317-6172201826
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://ref.scielo.org/k6cwgp
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
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application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Fundação Getulio Vargas. Escola de Direito de São Paulo
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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