Three Red Suns in the Sky: A Transiting, Terrestrial Planet in a Triple M-dwarf System at 6.9 pc

• Autores: Winters, Jennifer G.; Medina, Amber A.; Irwin, Jonathan M.; Charbonneau, David; Astudillo Defru, Nicola; Horch, Elliott P.; Eastman, Jason D.; Vrijmoet, Eliot Halley; Henry, Todd J.; Diamond Lowe, Hannah; Winston, Elaine; Barclay, Thomas; Bonfils, Xavier; Ricker, George R.; Vanderspek, Roland; Latham, David W.; Seager, Sara; Winn, Joshua N.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Udry, Stéphane; Twicken, Joseph D.; Teske, Johanna K.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Pepe, Francesco; Murgas, Felipe; Muirhead, Philip S.; Mink, Jessica; Lovis, Christophe; Levine, Alan M.; Lépine, Sebastien; Jao, Wei Chun; Henze, Christopher E.; Furész, Gábor; Forveille, Thierry; Figueira, Pedro; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Diaz, Rodrigo Fernando; Delfosse, Xavier; Burke, Christopher J.; Bouchy, François; Berlind, Perry; Almenara, Jose Manuel
• Año de publicación: 2019
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: BINARIES: CLOSE; PLANETS AND SATELLITES: DETECTION; STARS: INDIVIDUAL (LTT 1445); STARS: LOW-MASS
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

We present the discovery from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data of LTT 1445Ab. At a distance of 6.9 pc, it is the second nearest transiting exoplanet system found to date, and the closest one known for which the primary is an M dwarf. The host stellar system consists of three mid-to-late M dwarfs in a hierarchical configuration, which are blended in one TESS pixel. We use MEarth data and results from the Science Processing Operations Center data validation report to determine that the planet transits the primary star in the system. The planet has a radius of, an orbital period of days, and an equilibrium temperature of K. With radial velocities from the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, we place a 3σ upper mass limit of 8.4 on the planet. LTT 1445Ab provides one of the best opportunities to date for the spectroscopic study of the atmosphere of a terrestrial world. We also present a detailed characterization of the host stellar system. We use high-resolution spectroscopy and imaging to rule out the presence of any other close stellar or brown dwarf companions. Nineteen years of photometric monitoring of A and BC indicate a moderate amount of variability, in agreement with that observed in the TESS light-curve data. We derive a preliminary astrometric orbit for the BC pair that reveals an edge-on and eccentric configuration. The presence of a transiting planet in this system hints that the entire system may be co-planar, implying that the system may have formed from the early fragmentation of an individual protostellar core.
Fil: Winters, Jennifer G.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Medina, Amber A.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Irwin, Jonathan M.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Charbonneau, David. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Astudillo Defru, Nicola. Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion.; Chile
Fil: Horch, Elliott P.. Southern Connecticut State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Eastman, Jason D.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Vrijmoet, Eliot Halley. Georgia State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Henry, Todd J.. RECONS Institute; Estados Unidos
Fil: Diamond Lowe, Hannah. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Winston, Elaine. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Barclay, Thomas. University of Maryland; Estados Unidos. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bonfils, Xavier. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Ricker, George R.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Vanderspek, Roland. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Latham, David W.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Seager, Sara. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Winn, Joshua N.. University of Princeton; Estados Unidos
Fil: Jenkins, Jon M.. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Fil: Udry, Stéphane. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza
Fil: Twicken, Joseph D.. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos. SETI Institute; Estados Unidos
Fil: Teske, Johanna K.. Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science; Estados Unidos
Fil: Tenenbaum, Peter. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos. SETI Institute; Estados Unidos
Fil: Pepe, Francesco. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza
Fil: Murgas, Felipe. Universidad de La Laguna; España. Instituo de Astrofísica da Canarias; España
Fil: Muirhead, Philip S.. Boston University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Mink, Jessica. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Lovis, Christophe. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza
Fil: Levine, Alan M.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Lépine, Sebastien. Georgia State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Jao, Wei Chun. Georgia State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Henze, Christopher E.. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados Unidos
Fil: Furész, Gábor. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Forveille, Thierry. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Figueira, Pedro. European Southern Observatory Chile; Chile. Universidad de Porto; Portugal
Fil: Esquerdo, Gilbert A.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Dressing, Courtney D.. University of California at Berkeley; Estados Unidos
Fil: Diaz, Rodrigo Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Delfosse, Xavier. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia
Fil: Burke, Christopher J.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bouchy, François. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza
Fil: Berlind, Perry. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Almenara, Jose Manuel. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Universite Grenoble Alpes; Francia