Structure-based inhibitor design of AccD5, an essential acyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyltransferase domain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Autores: Lin, Ting-Wan; Melgar, Melrose M; Kurth, Daniel German; Swamidass, S Joshua; Purdon, John; Tseng, Teresa; Gago, Gabriela Marisa; Baldi, Pierre; Gramajo, Hugo Cesar; Tsai, Shiou Chan
• Año de publicación: 2006
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Cell Wall Lipid; Multimethyl-Branched Fatty Acid; Mycocerosic Acid; Mycolic Acid; Tuberculosis
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Mycolic acids and multimethyl-branched fatty acids are found uniquely in the cell envelope of pathogenic mycobacteria. These unusually long fatty acids are essential for the survival, virulence, and antibiotic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Acyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCases) commit acyl-CoAs to the biosynthesis of these unique fatty acids. Unlike other organisms such as Escherichia coli or humans that have only one or two ACCases, M. tuberculosis contains six ACCase carboxyltransferase domains, AccD1-6, whose specific roles in the pathogen are not well defined. Previous studies indicate that AccD4, AccD5, and AccD6 are important for cell envelope lipid biosynthesis and that its disruption leads to pathogen death. We have determined the 2.9-Å crystal structure of AccD5, whose sequence, structure, and active site are highly conserved with respect to the carboxyltransferase domain of the Streptomyces coelicolor propionyl-CoA carboxylase. Contrary to the previous proposal that AccD4-5 accept long-chain acyl-CoAs as their substrates, both crystal structure and kinetic assay indicate that AccD5 prefers propionyl-CoA as its substrate and produces methylmalonyl-CoA, the substrate for the biosyntheses of multimethyl-branched fatty acids such as mycocerosic, phthioceranic, hydroxyphthioceranic, mycosanoic, and mycolipenic acids. Extensive in silico screening of National Cancer Institute compounds and the University of California, Irvine, ChemDB database resulted in the identification of one inhibitor with a Ki of 13.1 μM. Our results pave the way toward understanding the biological roles of key ACCases that commit acyl-CoAs to the biosynthesis of cell envelope fatty acids, in addition to providing a target for structure-based development of antituberculosis therapeutics.
Fil: Lin, Ting-Wan. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Melgar, Melrose M. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kurth, Daniel German. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Swamidass, S Joshua. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Purdon, John. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Tseng, Teresa. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Gago, Gabriela Marisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Baldi, Pierre. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos
Fil: Gramajo, Hugo Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; Argentina
Fil: Tsai, Shiou Chan. University of California at Irvine; Estados Unidos