Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode

Autores
Guerrero, Federico Nicolás; Spinelli, Enrique Mario; Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro
Año de publicación
2016
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
In this paper we present an analysis of the voltage amplifier needed for double differential (DD) sEMG measurements and a novel, very simple circuit for implementing DD active electrodes. The three-input amplifier that standalone DD active electrodes require is inherently different from a differential amplifier, and general knowledge about its design is scarce in the literature. First, the figures of merit of the amplifier are defined through a decomposition of its input signal into three orthogonal modes. This analysis reveals a mode containing EMG crosstalk components that the DD electrode should reject. Then, the effect of finite input impedance is analyzed. Because there are three terminals, minimum bounds for interference rejection ratios due to electrode and input impedance unbalances with two degrees of freedom are obtained. Finally, a novel circuit design is presented, including only a quadruple operational amplifier and a few passive components. This design is nearly as simple as the branched electrode and much simpler than the three instrumentation amplifier design, while providing robust EMG crosstalk rejection and better input impedance using unity gain buffers for each electrode input. The interference rejection limits of this input stage are analyzed. An easily replicable implementation of the proposed circuit is described, together with a parameter design guideline to adjust it to specific needs. The electrode is compared with the established alternatives, and sample sEMG signals are obtained, acquired on different body locations with dry contacts, successfully rejecting interference sources.
Fil: Guerrero, Federico Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Spinelli, Enrique Mario. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Materia
Active Electrodes
Biomedical Sensors
Double Differential Electrodes
Dry Electrodes
Surface Electromyography
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/54778
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/54778
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active ElectrodeGuerrero, Federico NicolásSpinelli, Enrique MarioHaberman, Marcelo AlejandroActive ElectrodesBiomedical SensorsDouble Differential ElectrodesDry ElectrodesSurface Electromyographyhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.2https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2In this paper we present an analysis of the voltage amplifier needed for double differential (DD) sEMG measurements and a novel, very simple circuit for implementing DD active electrodes. The three-input amplifier that standalone DD active electrodes require is inherently different from a differential amplifier, and general knowledge about its design is scarce in the literature. First, the figures of merit of the amplifier are defined through a decomposition of its input signal into three orthogonal modes. This analysis reveals a mode containing EMG crosstalk components that the DD electrode should reject. Then, the effect of finite input impedance is analyzed. Because there are three terminals, minimum bounds for interference rejection ratios due to electrode and input impedance unbalances with two degrees of freedom are obtained. Finally, a novel circuit design is presented, including only a quadruple operational amplifier and a few passive components. This design is nearly as simple as the branched electrode and much simpler than the three instrumentation amplifier design, while providing robust EMG crosstalk rejection and better input impedance using unity gain buffers for each electrode input. The interference rejection limits of this input stage are analyzed. An easily replicable implementation of the proposed circuit is described, together with a parameter design guideline to adjust it to specific needs. The electrode is compared with the established alternatives, and sample sEMG signals are obtained, acquired on different body locations with dry contacts, successfully rejecting interference sources.Fil: Guerrero, Federico Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Spinelli, Enrique Mario. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2016-06info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/54778Guerrero, Federico Nicolás; Spinelli, Enrique Mario; Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro; Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Circuits And Systems; 10; 3; 6-2016; 787-7951932-4545CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1109/TBCAS.2015.2492944info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7362246/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:50:39Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/54778instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:50:39.453CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
title Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
spellingShingle Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
Guerrero, Federico Nicolás
Active Electrodes
Biomedical Sensors
Double Differential Electrodes
Dry Electrodes
Surface Electromyography
title_short Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
title_full Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
title_fullStr Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
title_full_unstemmed Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
title_sort Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Guerrero, Federico Nicolás
Spinelli, Enrique Mario
Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro
author Guerrero, Federico Nicolás
author_facet Guerrero, Federico Nicolás
Spinelli, Enrique Mario
Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro
author_role author
author2 Spinelli, Enrique Mario
Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Active Electrodes
Biomedical Sensors
Double Differential Electrodes
Dry Electrodes
Surface Electromyography
topic Active Electrodes
Biomedical Sensors
Double Differential Electrodes
Dry Electrodes
Surface Electromyography
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.2
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv In this paper we present an analysis of the voltage amplifier needed for double differential (DD) sEMG measurements and a novel, very simple circuit for implementing DD active electrodes. The three-input amplifier that standalone DD active electrodes require is inherently different from a differential amplifier, and general knowledge about its design is scarce in the literature. First, the figures of merit of the amplifier are defined through a decomposition of its input signal into three orthogonal modes. This analysis reveals a mode containing EMG crosstalk components that the DD electrode should reject. Then, the effect of finite input impedance is analyzed. Because there are three terminals, minimum bounds for interference rejection ratios due to electrode and input impedance unbalances with two degrees of freedom are obtained. Finally, a novel circuit design is presented, including only a quadruple operational amplifier and a few passive components. This design is nearly as simple as the branched electrode and much simpler than the three instrumentation amplifier design, while providing robust EMG crosstalk rejection and better input impedance using unity gain buffers for each electrode input. The interference rejection limits of this input stage are analyzed. An easily replicable implementation of the proposed circuit is described, together with a parameter design guideline to adjust it to specific needs. The electrode is compared with the established alternatives, and sample sEMG signals are obtained, acquired on different body locations with dry contacts, successfully rejecting interference sources.
Fil: Guerrero, Federico Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Spinelli, Enrique Mario. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
description In this paper we present an analysis of the voltage amplifier needed for double differential (DD) sEMG measurements and a novel, very simple circuit for implementing DD active electrodes. The three-input amplifier that standalone DD active electrodes require is inherently different from a differential amplifier, and general knowledge about its design is scarce in the literature. First, the figures of merit of the amplifier are defined through a decomposition of its input signal into three orthogonal modes. This analysis reveals a mode containing EMG crosstalk components that the DD electrode should reject. Then, the effect of finite input impedance is analyzed. Because there are three terminals, minimum bounds for interference rejection ratios due to electrode and input impedance unbalances with two degrees of freedom are obtained. Finally, a novel circuit design is presented, including only a quadruple operational amplifier and a few passive components. This design is nearly as simple as the branched electrode and much simpler than the three instrumentation amplifier design, while providing robust EMG crosstalk rejection and better input impedance using unity gain buffers for each electrode input. The interference rejection limits of this input stage are analyzed. An easily replicable implementation of the proposed circuit is described, together with a parameter design guideline to adjust it to specific needs. The electrode is compared with the established alternatives, and sample sEMG signals are obtained, acquired on different body locations with dry contacts, successfully rejecting interference sources.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016-06
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/54778
Guerrero, Federico Nicolás; Spinelli, Enrique Mario; Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro; Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Circuits And Systems; 10; 3; 6-2016; 787-795
1932-4545
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/54778
identifier_str_mv Guerrero, Federico Nicolás; Spinelli, Enrique Mario; Haberman, Marcelo Alejandro; Analysis and Simple Circuit Design of Double Differential EMG Active Electrode; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Circuits And Systems; 10; 3; 6-2016; 787-795
1932-4545
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1109/TBCAS.2015.2492944
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7362246/
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
_version_ 1844613560758435840
score 13.070432

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