Nomenclatural issues concerning cultured yeasts and other fungi: Why it is important to avoid unneeded name changes

• Autores: Yurkov, Andrey; Alves, Artur; Bai, Feng Yan; Boundy Mills, Kyria; Buzzini, Pietro; Čadež, Neža; Cardinali, Gianluigi; Casaregola, Serge; Chaturvedi, Vishnu; Collin, Valérie; Fell, Jack W.; Girard, Victoria; Groenewald, Marizeth; Hagen, Ferry; Hittinger, Chris Todd; Kachalkin, Aleksey V.; Kostrzewa, Markus; Kouvelis, Vassili; Libkind Frati, Diego; Liu, Xinzhan; Maier, Thomas; Meyer, Wieland; Péter, Gábor; Piątek, Marcin; Robert, Vincent; Rosa, Carlos A.; Sampaio, Jose Paulo; Sipiczki, Matthias; Stadler, Marc; Sugita, Takashi
• Año de publicación: 2021
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: CULTURE COLLECTION; METABOLICALLY INACTIVE; NOMENCLATURAL TYPE; TYPIFICATION; VIABLE STRAINS
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

The unambiguous application of fungal names is important to communicate scientific findings. Names are critical for (clinical) diagnostics, legal compliance, and regulatory controls, such as biosafety, food security, quarantine regulations, and industrial applications. Consequently, the stability of the taxonomic system and the traceability of nomenclatural changes is crucial for a broad range of users and taxonomists. The unambiguous application of names is assured by the preservation of nomenclatural history and the physical organisms representing a name. Fungi are extremely diverse in terms of ecology, lifestyle, and methods of study. Predominantly unicellular fungi known as yeasts are usually investigated as living cultures. Methods to characterize yeasts include physiological (growth) tests and experiments to induce a sexual morph; both methods require viable cultures. Thus, the preservation and availability of viable reference cultures are important, and cultures representing reference material are cited in species descriptions. Historical surveys revealed drawbacks and inconsistencies between past practices and modern requirements as stated in the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (ICNafp). Improper typification of yeasts is a common problem, resulting in a large number invalid yeast species names. With this opinion letter, we address the problem that culturable microorganisms, notably some fungi and algae, require specific provisions under the ICNafp. We use yeasts as a prominent example of fungi known from cultures. But viable type material is important not only for yeasts, but also for other cultivable Fungi that are characterized by particular morphological structures (a specific type of spores), growth properties, and secondary metabolites. We summarize potential proposals which, in our opinion, will improve the stability of fungal names, in particular by protecting those names for which the reference material can be traced back to the original isolate.
Fil: Yurkov, Andrey. Deutsche Sammlung Von Mikroorganismen Und Zellkulturen Gmbh; Alemania
Fil: Alves, Artur. Universidade de Aveiro; Portugal
Fil: Bai, Feng Yan. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China
Fil: Boundy Mills, Kyria. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos
Fil: Buzzini, Pietro. Università di Perugia; Italia
Fil: Čadež, Neža. University of Ljubljana; Lituania
Fil: Cardinali, Gianluigi. Università di Perugia; Italia
Fil: Casaregola, Serge. Universite Paris-Saclay;
Fil: Chaturvedi, Vishnu. New York State Department of Health. Wadsworth Center; Estados Unidos
Fil: Collin, Valérie. Biomérieux; Francia
Fil: Fell, Jack W.. University of Miami; Estados Unidos
Fil: Girard, Victoria. Biomérieux; Francia
Fil: Groenewald, Marizeth. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute; Países Bajos
Fil: Hagen, Ferry. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute; Países Bajos
Fil: Hittinger, Chris Todd. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kachalkin, Aleksey V.. Russian Academy of Sciences; Rusia. Lomonosov Moscow State University; Rusia
Fil: Kostrzewa, Markus. Bruker Daltonik Gmbh; Alemania
Fil: Kouvelis, Vassili. Universidad Nacional y Kapodistriaca de Atenas; Grecia
Fil: Libkind Frati, Diego. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales; Argentina
Fil: Liu, Xinzhan. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China
Fil: Maier, Thomas. Bruker Daltonik Gmbh; Alemania
Fil: Meyer, Wieland. Westmead Hospital; Australia. The University of Sydney; Alemania
Fil: Péter, Gábor. Hungarian University Of Agriculture And Life Sciences; Hungría
Fil: Piątek, Marcin. Polish Academy of Sciences; Argentina
Fil: Robert, Vincent. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute; Países Bajos
Fil: Rosa, Carlos A.. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil
Fil: Sampaio, Jose Paulo. Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Portugal
Fil: Sipiczki, Matthias. University of Debrecen; Hungría
Fil: Stadler, Marc. Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Alemania
Fil: Sugita, Takashi. Meiji Pharmaceutical University; Japón