Mapping opportunities and barriers for coexistence between people and pumas in the Argentine Dry Chaco

• Autores: Nanni, Ana Sofía; Ghoddousi, Arash; Romero Muñoz, Alfredo; Baumann, Matthias; Burton, Jamie; Camino, Micaela; Decarre, Julieta; Martello, Felipe; Regolin, André Luis; Kuemmerle, Tobias
• Año de publicación: 2024
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: anthropogenic resistance; connectivity; dry woodlands; livestock depredation
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Aim: The persistence of large carnivore populations depends on their survival outside protected areas, where they often impact local livelihoods through livestock depredation. Understanding the impacts of human behaviour on large carnivores in shared landscapes is thus important but is often overlooked in habitat assessments or conservation planning. We employed an integrated approach that considers human behaviour and landscape structure metrics to assess the potential for human-puma (Puma concolor) coexistence in the Chaco region, a global deforestation and defaunation hotspot. Location: Argentine Dry Chaco (~490,000 km2 ). Methods: We identified suitable puma habitat patches and movement areas using occupancy modelling and combined it with a spatial human-puma conflict risk model based on interview data to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ habitat patches. We then used resistance surfaces to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ movement areas, as well as ‘severed’ movement areas where anthropogenic land conversion inhibits movement. Results: Safe puma habitat patches (i.e., suitable and safe) covered 29% of the region, whereas attractive sinks (i.e., suitable but risky) represented 12%. Movement areas corresponded to 60% of the region, while conflict risk and high landscape resistance undermined connectivity: unsafe and severed movement areas covered 10% and 11% of the region, respectively. Nearly 98% of safe habitat and movement areas occurred outside protected areas. Main Conclusions: We provide an integrated conceptual framework and spatial explicit template for a three-pronged conservation strategy to (1) protect safe habitat and movement areas, (2) mitigate livestock depredation in attractive sinks and unsafe movement areas and (3) restore landscape in severed and matrix areas to improve ecological connectivity. This would allow pumas to maintain viable populations while reducing negative impacts on local people. More generally, we show how integrating habitat and conflict risk models can reveal opportunities and challenges for humancarnivore coexistence beyond protected areas.
Fil: Nanni, Ana Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania
Fil: Ghoddousi, Arash. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania. Wageningen University; Países Bajos
Fil: Romero Muñoz, Alfredo. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania
Fil: Baumann, Matthias. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania
Fil: Burton, Jamie. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania
Fil: Camino, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral; Argentina
Fil: Decarre, Julieta. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales. Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentina
Fil: Martello, Felipe. University of Oxford; Reino Unido
Fil: Regolin, André Luis. Universidade Federal de Goiás; Brasil
Fil: Kuemmerle, Tobias. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania