Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates

Autores
de Menezes, Raniere; Peña Herazo, Harold A.; Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín; D´Abrusco, Raffaele; Masetti, Nicola; Nemmen, Rodrigo; Massaro, Francesco; Ricci, Federica; Landoni, Marco; Paggi, Alessandro; Smith, Howard A.
Año de publicación
2019
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Context. Over the last decade more than five thousand γ-ray sources have been detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Given the positional uncertainty of the telescope, nearly 30% of these sources remain without an obvious counterpart at lower energies. This has motivated the release of new catalogs of γ-ray counterpart candidates and several follow up campaigns in the last decade. Aims. Recently, two new catalogs of blazar candidates were released. These are the improved and expanded version of the WISE Blazar-Like Radio-Loud Sources (WIBRaLS2) catalog and the Kernel Density Estimation selected candidate BL Lacs (KDEBLLACS) catalog, both selecting blazar-like sources based on their infrared colors from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). In this work we characterize these two catalogs, clarifying the true nature of their sources based on their optical spectra from SDSS data release 15, thus testing their efficiency in selecting true blazars. Methods. We first selected all WIBRaLS2 and KDEBLLACS sources with available optical spectra in the footprint of Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 15. We then analyzed these spectra to verify the nature of each selected candidate and to measure the fraction of the catalogs composed by spectroscopically confirmed blazars. Finally, we evaluated the impact of selection effects, especially those related to optical colors of WIBRaLS2/KDEBLLACS sources and their optical magnitude distributions. Results. We found that at least ∼30% of each catalog is made up of confirmed blazars, with quasars being the major contaminants in the case of WIBRaLS2 (≈58%) and normal galaxies in the case of KDEBLLACS (≈38.2%). The spectral analysis also allowed us to identify the nature of 11 blazar candidates of uncertain type (BCUs) from the Fermi-LAT fourth Point Source Catalog (4FGL) and to find 25 new BL Lac objects.
Fil: de Menezes, Raniere. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Instituto Astronomia, Geofísica E Ciencias Atmosfericas. Departamento de Astronomia; Brasil. Università degli Studi di Torino; Italia
Fil: Peña Herazo, Harold A.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica; México. Università di Torino; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino; Italia
Fil: Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Università di Torino; Italia
Fil: D´Abrusco, Raffaele. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Masetti, Nicola. Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio; Italia. Universidad Andrés Bello; Chile
Fil: Nemmen, Rodrigo. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Instituto Astronomia, Geofísica E Ciencias Atmosfericas. Departamento de Astronomia; Brasil
Fil: Massaro, Francesco. Università di Torino; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino; Italia. Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale ; Italia
Fil: Ricci, Federica. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile
Fil: Landoni, Marco. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; Italia
Fil: Paggi, Alessandro. Università di Torino; Italia
Fil: Smith, Howard A.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Materia
ACTIVE
BL LACERTAE OBJECTS
CATALOGS
GALAXIES
GENERAL
NON-THERMAL
RADIATION MECHANISMS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/125358
Acceder
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidatesde Menezes, RanierePeña Herazo, Harold A.Marchesini, Ezequiel JoaquínD´Abrusco, RaffaeleMasetti, NicolaNemmen, RodrigoMassaro, FrancescoRicci, FedericaLandoni, MarcoPaggi, AlessandroSmith, Howard A.ACTIVEBL LACERTAE OBJECTSCATALOGSGALAXIESGENERALNON-THERMALRADIATION MECHANISMShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Context. Over the last decade more than five thousand γ-ray sources have been detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Given the positional uncertainty of the telescope, nearly 30% of these sources remain without an obvious counterpart at lower energies. This has motivated the release of new catalogs of γ-ray counterpart candidates and several follow up campaigns in the last decade. Aims. Recently, two new catalogs of blazar candidates were released. These are the improved and expanded version of the WISE Blazar-Like Radio-Loud Sources (WIBRaLS2) catalog and the Kernel Density Estimation selected candidate BL Lacs (KDEBLLACS) catalog, both selecting blazar-like sources based on their infrared colors from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). In this work we characterize these two catalogs, clarifying the true nature of their sources based on their optical spectra from SDSS data release 15, thus testing their efficiency in selecting true blazars. Methods. We first selected all WIBRaLS2 and KDEBLLACS sources with available optical spectra in the footprint of Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 15. We then analyzed these spectra to verify the nature of each selected candidate and to measure the fraction of the catalogs composed by spectroscopically confirmed blazars. Finally, we evaluated the impact of selection effects, especially those related to optical colors of WIBRaLS2/KDEBLLACS sources and their optical magnitude distributions. Results. We found that at least ∼30% of each catalog is made up of confirmed blazars, with quasars being the major contaminants in the case of WIBRaLS2 (≈58%) and normal galaxies in the case of KDEBLLACS (≈38.2%). The spectral analysis also allowed us to identify the nature of 11 blazar candidates of uncertain type (BCUs) from the Fermi-LAT fourth Point Source Catalog (4FGL) and to find 25 new BL Lac objects.Fil: de Menezes, Raniere. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Instituto Astronomia, Geofísica E Ciencias Atmosfericas. Departamento de Astronomia; Brasil. Università degli Studi di Torino; ItaliaFil: Peña Herazo, Harold A.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica; México. Università di Torino; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino; ItaliaFil: Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: D´Abrusco, Raffaele. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Masetti, Nicola. Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio; Italia. Universidad Andrés Bello; ChileFil: Nemmen, Rodrigo. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Instituto Astronomia, Geofísica E Ciencias Atmosfericas. Departamento de Astronomia; BrasilFil: Massaro, Francesco. Università di Torino; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino; Italia. Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale ; ItaliaFil: Ricci, Federica. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileFil: Landoni, Marco. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; ItaliaFil: Paggi, Alessandro. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: Smith, Howard A.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosEDP Sciences2019-09-23info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/125358de Menezes, Raniere; Peña Herazo, Harold A.; Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín; D´Abrusco, Raffaele; Masetti, Nicola; et al.; Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates; EDP Sciences; Astronomy and Astrophysics; 630; A55; 23-9-2019; 1-110004-6361CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936195info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1051/0004-6361/201936195info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.05229info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:01:42Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/125358instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:01:42.952CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
title Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
spellingShingle Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
de Menezes, Raniere
ACTIVE
BL LACERTAE OBJECTS
CATALOGS
GALAXIES
GENERAL
NON-THERMAL
RADIATION MECHANISMS
title_short Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
title_full Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
title_fullStr Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
title_full_unstemmed Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
title_sort Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv de Menezes, Raniere
Peña Herazo, Harold A.
Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín
D´Abrusco, Raffaele
Masetti, Nicola
Nemmen, Rodrigo
Massaro, Francesco
Ricci, Federica
Landoni, Marco
Paggi, Alessandro
Smith, Howard A.
author de Menezes, Raniere
author_facet de Menezes, Raniere
Peña Herazo, Harold A.
Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín
D´Abrusco, Raffaele
Masetti, Nicola
Nemmen, Rodrigo
Massaro, Francesco
Ricci, Federica
Landoni, Marco
Paggi, Alessandro
Smith, Howard A.
author_role author
author2 Peña Herazo, Harold A.
Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín
D´Abrusco, Raffaele
Masetti, Nicola
Nemmen, Rodrigo
Massaro, Francesco
Ricci, Federica
Landoni, Marco
Paggi, Alessandro
Smith, Howard A.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ACTIVE
BL LACERTAE OBJECTS
CATALOGS
GALAXIES
GENERAL
NON-THERMAL
RADIATION MECHANISMS
topic ACTIVE
BL LACERTAE OBJECTS
CATALOGS
GALAXIES
GENERAL
NON-THERMAL
RADIATION MECHANISMS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Context. Over the last decade more than five thousand γ-ray sources have been detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Given the positional uncertainty of the telescope, nearly 30% of these sources remain without an obvious counterpart at lower energies. This has motivated the release of new catalogs of γ-ray counterpart candidates and several follow up campaigns in the last decade. Aims. Recently, two new catalogs of blazar candidates were released. These are the improved and expanded version of the WISE Blazar-Like Radio-Loud Sources (WIBRaLS2) catalog and the Kernel Density Estimation selected candidate BL Lacs (KDEBLLACS) catalog, both selecting blazar-like sources based on their infrared colors from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). In this work we characterize these two catalogs, clarifying the true nature of their sources based on their optical spectra from SDSS data release 15, thus testing their efficiency in selecting true blazars. Methods. We first selected all WIBRaLS2 and KDEBLLACS sources with available optical spectra in the footprint of Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 15. We then analyzed these spectra to verify the nature of each selected candidate and to measure the fraction of the catalogs composed by spectroscopically confirmed blazars. Finally, we evaluated the impact of selection effects, especially those related to optical colors of WIBRaLS2/KDEBLLACS sources and their optical magnitude distributions. Results. We found that at least ∼30% of each catalog is made up of confirmed blazars, with quasars being the major contaminants in the case of WIBRaLS2 (≈58%) and normal galaxies in the case of KDEBLLACS (≈38.2%). The spectral analysis also allowed us to identify the nature of 11 blazar candidates of uncertain type (BCUs) from the Fermi-LAT fourth Point Source Catalog (4FGL) and to find 25 new BL Lac objects.
Fil: de Menezes, Raniere. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Instituto Astronomia, Geofísica E Ciencias Atmosfericas. Departamento de Astronomia; Brasil. Università degli Studi di Torino; Italia
Fil: Peña Herazo, Harold A.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica; México. Università di Torino; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino; Italia
Fil: Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Università di Torino; Italia
Fil: D´Abrusco, Raffaele. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Masetti, Nicola. Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio; Italia. Universidad Andrés Bello; Chile
Fil: Nemmen, Rodrigo. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Instituto Astronomia, Geofísica E Ciencias Atmosfericas. Departamento de Astronomia; Brasil
Fil: Massaro, Francesco. Università di Torino; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino; Italia. Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale ; Italia
Fil: Ricci, Federica. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile
Fil: Landoni, Marco. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; Italia
Fil: Paggi, Alessandro. Università di Torino; Italia
Fil: Smith, Howard A.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
description Context. Over the last decade more than five thousand γ-ray sources have been detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Given the positional uncertainty of the telescope, nearly 30% of these sources remain without an obvious counterpart at lower energies. This has motivated the release of new catalogs of γ-ray counterpart candidates and several follow up campaigns in the last decade. Aims. Recently, two new catalogs of blazar candidates were released. These are the improved and expanded version of the WISE Blazar-Like Radio-Loud Sources (WIBRaLS2) catalog and the Kernel Density Estimation selected candidate BL Lacs (KDEBLLACS) catalog, both selecting blazar-like sources based on their infrared colors from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). In this work we characterize these two catalogs, clarifying the true nature of their sources based on their optical spectra from SDSS data release 15, thus testing their efficiency in selecting true blazars. Methods. We first selected all WIBRaLS2 and KDEBLLACS sources with available optical spectra in the footprint of Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 15. We then analyzed these spectra to verify the nature of each selected candidate and to measure the fraction of the catalogs composed by spectroscopically confirmed blazars. Finally, we evaluated the impact of selection effects, especially those related to optical colors of WIBRaLS2/KDEBLLACS sources and their optical magnitude distributions. Results. We found that at least ∼30% of each catalog is made up of confirmed blazars, with quasars being the major contaminants in the case of WIBRaLS2 (≈58%) and normal galaxies in the case of KDEBLLACS (≈38.2%). The spectral analysis also allowed us to identify the nature of 11 blazar candidates of uncertain type (BCUs) from the Fermi-LAT fourth Point Source Catalog (4FGL) and to find 25 new BL Lac objects.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019-09-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/125358
de Menezes, Raniere; Peña Herazo, Harold A.; Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín; D´Abrusco, Raffaele; Masetti, Nicola; et al.; Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates; EDP Sciences; Astronomy and Astrophysics; 630; A55; 23-9-2019; 1-11
0004-6361
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/125358
identifier_str_mv de Menezes, Raniere; Peña Herazo, Harold A.; Marchesini, Ezequiel Joaquín; D´Abrusco, Raffaele; Masetti, Nicola; et al.; Optical characterization of WISE selected blazar candidates; EDP Sciences; Astronomy and Astrophysics; 630; A55; 23-9-2019; 1-11
0004-6361
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1051/0004-6361/201936195
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.05229
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
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reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
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instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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