The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)

Autores
Ramirez, Martin Javier; Grismado, Cristian José; Labarque, Facundo Martín; Izquierdo, Matías Andres; Ledford, Joel M.; Miller, Jeremy A.; Haddad, Charles R.; Griswold, Charles E.
Año de publicación
2014
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
We revise the relationships of the spider genus Cryptothele after reexamination of the morphology of the spinnerets, leg tarsal claws and maxillae with scanning electron microscopy. Cryptothele species have a particular conformation of the spinning field of the anterior lateral spigots that is typical of zodariids and close relatives: the field of major ampullate gland spigots, together with their strain sensilla, are invaginated within the field of piriform gland spigots. The implantation of the teeth on the inner side of the leg tarsal claws is also consistent with its placement among zodariids. We added Cryptothele to a morphological dataset of zodariid genera, together with the outgroups Homalonychus (Homalonychidae) and Penestomus (Penestomidae). The phylogenetic analysis concludes that the genus Cryptothele is a member of the subfamily Cydrelinae, which by priority is here considered a junior synonym of Cryptothelinae. Cryptothele specimens cover most of their body with soil particles which become consolidated as mud, and the debris is probably held in place by curved setae covered by long barbs. The spinnerets, which can be retracted and hidden, as well as the booklungs, are surrounded by a crown of thick setae that are densely covered by short barbs, protecting those areas against soil particles. Cryptothele are probably specialized to prey on termites, and their phylogenetic placement indicates that this diet specificity evolved two times independently in zodariids.
Fil: Ramirez, Martin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
Fil: Grismado, Cristian José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
Fil: Labarque, Facundo Martín. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Izquierdo, Matías Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
Fil: Ledford, Joel M.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Miller, Jeremy A.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos
Fil: Haddad, Charles R.. University of the Free State; Sudáfrica
Fil: Griswold, Charles E.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos
Materia
Phylogeny
Zodariidae
Tropical
Cryptic
Dirt Adhesion
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/29675
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/29675
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)Ramirez, Martin JavierGrismado, Cristian JoséLabarque, Facundo MartínIzquierdo, Matías AndresLedford, Joel M.Miller, Jeremy A.Haddad, Charles R.Griswold, Charles E.PhylogenyZodariidaeTropicalCrypticDirt Adhesionhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1We revise the relationships of the spider genus Cryptothele after reexamination of the morphology of the spinnerets, leg tarsal claws and maxillae with scanning electron microscopy. Cryptothele species have a particular conformation of the spinning field of the anterior lateral spigots that is typical of zodariids and close relatives: the field of major ampullate gland spigots, together with their strain sensilla, are invaginated within the field of piriform gland spigots. The implantation of the teeth on the inner side of the leg tarsal claws is also consistent with its placement among zodariids. We added Cryptothele to a morphological dataset of zodariid genera, together with the outgroups Homalonychus (Homalonychidae) and Penestomus (Penestomidae). The phylogenetic analysis concludes that the genus Cryptothele is a member of the subfamily Cydrelinae, which by priority is here considered a junior synonym of Cryptothelinae. Cryptothele specimens cover most of their body with soil particles which become consolidated as mud, and the debris is probably held in place by curved setae covered by long barbs. The spinnerets, which can be retracted and hidden, as well as the booklungs, are surrounded by a crown of thick setae that are densely covered by short barbs, protecting those areas against soil particles. Cryptothele are probably specialized to prey on termites, and their phylogenetic placement indicates that this diet specificity evolved two times independently in zodariids.Fil: Ramirez, Martin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Grismado, Cristian José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Labarque, Facundo Martín. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Izquierdo, Matías Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Ledford, Joel M.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Miller, Jeremy A.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países BajosFil: Haddad, Charles R.. University of the Free State; SudáfricaFil: Griswold, Charles E.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados UnidosElsevier Gmbh2014-03info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/29675Ramirez, Martin Javier; Grismado, Cristian José; Labarque, Facundo Martín; Izquierdo, Matías Andres; Ledford, Joel M.; et al.; The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae); Elsevier Gmbh; Zoologischer Anzeiger; 253; 5; 3-2014; 382-3930044-5231CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jcz.2014.03.002info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044523114000205info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:39:18Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/29675instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:39:19.071CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
title The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
spellingShingle The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
Ramirez, Martin Javier
Phylogeny
Zodariidae
Tropical
Cryptic
Dirt Adhesion
title_short The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
title_full The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
title_fullStr The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
title_full_unstemmed The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
title_sort The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ramirez, Martin Javier
Grismado, Cristian José
Labarque, Facundo Martín
Izquierdo, Matías Andres
Ledford, Joel M.
Miller, Jeremy A.
Haddad, Charles R.
Griswold, Charles E.
author Ramirez, Martin Javier
author_facet Ramirez, Martin Javier
Grismado, Cristian José
Labarque, Facundo Martín
Izquierdo, Matías Andres
Ledford, Joel M.
Miller, Jeremy A.
Haddad, Charles R.
Griswold, Charles E.
author_role author
author2 Grismado, Cristian José
Labarque, Facundo Martín
Izquierdo, Matías Andres
Ledford, Joel M.
Miller, Jeremy A.
Haddad, Charles R.
Griswold, Charles E.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Phylogeny
Zodariidae
Tropical
Cryptic
Dirt Adhesion
topic Phylogeny
Zodariidae
Tropical
Cryptic
Dirt Adhesion
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv We revise the relationships of the spider genus Cryptothele after reexamination of the morphology of the spinnerets, leg tarsal claws and maxillae with scanning electron microscopy. Cryptothele species have a particular conformation of the spinning field of the anterior lateral spigots that is typical of zodariids and close relatives: the field of major ampullate gland spigots, together with their strain sensilla, are invaginated within the field of piriform gland spigots. The implantation of the teeth on the inner side of the leg tarsal claws is also consistent with its placement among zodariids. We added Cryptothele to a morphological dataset of zodariid genera, together with the outgroups Homalonychus (Homalonychidae) and Penestomus (Penestomidae). The phylogenetic analysis concludes that the genus Cryptothele is a member of the subfamily Cydrelinae, which by priority is here considered a junior synonym of Cryptothelinae. Cryptothele specimens cover most of their body with soil particles which become consolidated as mud, and the debris is probably held in place by curved setae covered by long barbs. The spinnerets, which can be retracted and hidden, as well as the booklungs, are surrounded by a crown of thick setae that are densely covered by short barbs, protecting those areas against soil particles. Cryptothele are probably specialized to prey on termites, and their phylogenetic placement indicates that this diet specificity evolved two times independently in zodariids.
Fil: Ramirez, Martin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
Fil: Grismado, Cristian José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
Fil: Labarque, Facundo Martín. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Izquierdo, Matías Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
Fil: Ledford, Joel M.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos
Fil: Miller, Jeremy A.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos
Fil: Haddad, Charles R.. University of the Free State; Sudáfrica
Fil: Griswold, Charles E.. California Academy of Sciences; Estados Unidos
description We revise the relationships of the spider genus Cryptothele after reexamination of the morphology of the spinnerets, leg tarsal claws and maxillae with scanning electron microscopy. Cryptothele species have a particular conformation of the spinning field of the anterior lateral spigots that is typical of zodariids and close relatives: the field of major ampullate gland spigots, together with their strain sensilla, are invaginated within the field of piriform gland spigots. The implantation of the teeth on the inner side of the leg tarsal claws is also consistent with its placement among zodariids. We added Cryptothele to a morphological dataset of zodariid genera, together with the outgroups Homalonychus (Homalonychidae) and Penestomus (Penestomidae). The phylogenetic analysis concludes that the genus Cryptothele is a member of the subfamily Cydrelinae, which by priority is here considered a junior synonym of Cryptothelinae. Cryptothele specimens cover most of their body with soil particles which become consolidated as mud, and the debris is probably held in place by curved setae covered by long barbs. The spinnerets, which can be retracted and hidden, as well as the booklungs, are surrounded by a crown of thick setae that are densely covered by short barbs, protecting those areas against soil particles. Cryptothele are probably specialized to prey on termites, and their phylogenetic placement indicates that this diet specificity evolved two times independently in zodariids.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2014-03
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/29675
Ramirez, Martin Javier; Grismado, Cristian José; Labarque, Facundo Martín; Izquierdo, Matías Andres; Ledford, Joel M.; et al.; The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae); Elsevier Gmbh; Zoologischer Anzeiger; 253; 5; 3-2014; 382-393
0044-5231
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/29675
identifier_str_mv Ramirez, Martin Javier; Grismado, Cristian José; Labarque, Facundo Martín; Izquierdo, Matías Andres; Ledford, Joel M.; et al.; The morphology and relationships of the walking mud spiders of the genus Cryptothele (Araneae: Zodariidae); Elsevier Gmbh; Zoologischer Anzeiger; 253; 5; 3-2014; 382-393
0044-5231
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jcz.2014.03.002
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044523114000205
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Gmbh
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Gmbh
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.070432

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