Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands

Autores
Anderson, Gregory J.; Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario; Lopez , Patricio; Stuessy, Todd F.; Crawford, Daniel
Año de publicación
2000
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Pernettya rigida is endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago. Although all flowers are complete, with seemingly fertile stamens and pistils, differences in fruit production and detailed field, anatomical, and morphological studies indicate they are functionally unisexual, and the species is consequently dioecious. A comparison of 15 features demonstrated significant differences between the sexes. The populational sex ratio is 1:1. Nectaries located between the filaments produce small amounts of floral nectar with similar sugar composition in both sexes. There are x=33,357 (or x=133,429) pollen tetrads (or pollen grains)/male flower and x=109 ovules/female flower. No tetrads in either hand self-pollinated or open pollinated male flowers showed any pollen germination. Tetrads on open- and hand-pollinated female flowers germinate. Female flowers do not show autogamy or apomixis. During more than 80 hours of field observation, we recorded only seven floral visitors (representing three insect species). In spite of this, open-pollinated female flowers have abundant fruit and seed-set. Thus, we conclude that pollen is transferred abiotically and the ever-present wind over the exposed ridges of the islands is the likely dispersal agent. A number of anemophilous features, such as dry pollen and exposed habitat, support this conclusion. Thus, dioecy and anemophily have evolved independently, in situ, in this species in this remote locality. Preservation of habitat and elimination of competitive invasives are the primary conservation challenges.
Fil: Anderson, Gregory J.. University of Connecticut; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Lopez , Patricio. Concepción; Chile
Fil: Stuessy, Todd F.. Universidad de Viena; Austria
Fil: Crawford, Daniel. Ohio State University; Estados Unidos
Materia
Breeding System
Floral Morphology
Insect Pollination
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/34396

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spelling Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández IslandsAnderson, Gregory J.Bernardello, Gabriel Luis MarioLopez , PatricioStuessy, Todd F.Crawford, DanielBreeding SystemFloral MorphologyInsect Pollinationhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Pernettya rigida is endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago. Although all flowers are complete, with seemingly fertile stamens and pistils, differences in fruit production and detailed field, anatomical, and morphological studies indicate they are functionally unisexual, and the species is consequently dioecious. A comparison of 15 features demonstrated significant differences between the sexes. The populational sex ratio is 1:1. Nectaries located between the filaments produce small amounts of floral nectar with similar sugar composition in both sexes. There are x=33,357 (or x=133,429) pollen tetrads (or pollen grains)/male flower and x=109 ovules/female flower. No tetrads in either hand self-pollinated or open pollinated male flowers showed any pollen germination. Tetrads on open- and hand-pollinated female flowers germinate. Female flowers do not show autogamy or apomixis. During more than 80 hours of field observation, we recorded only seven floral visitors (representing three insect species). In spite of this, open-pollinated female flowers have abundant fruit and seed-set. Thus, we conclude that pollen is transferred abiotically and the ever-present wind over the exposed ridges of the islands is the likely dispersal agent. A number of anemophilous features, such as dry pollen and exposed habitat, support this conclusion. Thus, dioecy and anemophily have evolved independently, in situ, in this species in this remote locality. Preservation of habitat and elimination of competitive invasives are the primary conservation challenges.Fil: Anderson, Gregory J.. University of Connecticut; Estados UnidosFil: Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Lopez , Patricio. Concepción; ChileFil: Stuessy, Todd F.. Universidad de Viena; AustriaFil: Crawford, Daniel. Ohio State University; Estados UnidosWiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc2000-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/34396Anderson, Gregory J.; Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario; Lopez , Patricio; Stuessy, Todd F.; Crawford, Daniel; Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society; 132; 2; 1-2000; 121-1410024-40741095-8339CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024407499902991info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1006/bojl.1999.0299info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:32:01Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/34396instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:32:01.684CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
title Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
spellingShingle Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
Anderson, Gregory J.
Breeding System
Floral Morphology
Insect Pollination
title_short Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
title_full Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
title_fullStr Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
title_full_unstemmed Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
title_sort Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Anderson, Gregory J.
Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario
Lopez , Patricio
Stuessy, Todd F.
Crawford, Daniel
author Anderson, Gregory J.
author_facet Anderson, Gregory J.
Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario
Lopez , Patricio
Stuessy, Todd F.
Crawford, Daniel
author_role author
author2 Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario
Lopez , Patricio
Stuessy, Todd F.
Crawford, Daniel
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Breeding System
Floral Morphology
Insect Pollination
topic Breeding System
Floral Morphology
Insect Pollination
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Pernettya rigida is endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago. Although all flowers are complete, with seemingly fertile stamens and pistils, differences in fruit production and detailed field, anatomical, and morphological studies indicate they are functionally unisexual, and the species is consequently dioecious. A comparison of 15 features demonstrated significant differences between the sexes. The populational sex ratio is 1:1. Nectaries located between the filaments produce small amounts of floral nectar with similar sugar composition in both sexes. There are x=33,357 (or x=133,429) pollen tetrads (or pollen grains)/male flower and x=109 ovules/female flower. No tetrads in either hand self-pollinated or open pollinated male flowers showed any pollen germination. Tetrads on open- and hand-pollinated female flowers germinate. Female flowers do not show autogamy or apomixis. During more than 80 hours of field observation, we recorded only seven floral visitors (representing three insect species). In spite of this, open-pollinated female flowers have abundant fruit and seed-set. Thus, we conclude that pollen is transferred abiotically and the ever-present wind over the exposed ridges of the islands is the likely dispersal agent. A number of anemophilous features, such as dry pollen and exposed habitat, support this conclusion. Thus, dioecy and anemophily have evolved independently, in situ, in this species in this remote locality. Preservation of habitat and elimination of competitive invasives are the primary conservation challenges.
Fil: Anderson, Gregory J.. University of Connecticut; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Lopez , Patricio. Concepción; Chile
Fil: Stuessy, Todd F.. Universidad de Viena; Austria
Fil: Crawford, Daniel. Ohio State University; Estados Unidos
description Pernettya rigida is endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago. Although all flowers are complete, with seemingly fertile stamens and pistils, differences in fruit production and detailed field, anatomical, and morphological studies indicate they are functionally unisexual, and the species is consequently dioecious. A comparison of 15 features demonstrated significant differences between the sexes. The populational sex ratio is 1:1. Nectaries located between the filaments produce small amounts of floral nectar with similar sugar composition in both sexes. There are x=33,357 (or x=133,429) pollen tetrads (or pollen grains)/male flower and x=109 ovules/female flower. No tetrads in either hand self-pollinated or open pollinated male flowers showed any pollen germination. Tetrads on open- and hand-pollinated female flowers germinate. Female flowers do not show autogamy or apomixis. During more than 80 hours of field observation, we recorded only seven floral visitors (representing three insect species). In spite of this, open-pollinated female flowers have abundant fruit and seed-set. Thus, we conclude that pollen is transferred abiotically and the ever-present wind over the exposed ridges of the islands is the likely dispersal agent. A number of anemophilous features, such as dry pollen and exposed habitat, support this conclusion. Thus, dioecy and anemophily have evolved independently, in situ, in this species in this remote locality. Preservation of habitat and elimination of competitive invasives are the primary conservation challenges.
publishDate 2000
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2000-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/34396
Anderson, Gregory J.; Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario; Lopez , Patricio; Stuessy, Todd F.; Crawford, Daniel; Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society; 132; 2; 1-2000; 121-141
0024-4074
1095-8339
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/34396
identifier_str_mv Anderson, Gregory J.; Bernardello, Gabriel Luis Mario; Lopez , Patricio; Stuessy, Todd F.; Crawford, Daniel; Dioecy and wind pollination in Pernettya rigida (Ericaceae) of the Juan Fernández Islands; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society; 132; 2; 1-2000; 121-141
0024-4074
1095-8339
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024407499902991
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1006/bojl.1999.0299
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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