Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005

Autores
White, Peter S.; Chiarucci, Alessandro; Collins, Beverly; Díaz, Sandra Myrna
Año de publicación
2006
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Disturbance ecology has become an integral part of vegetation science over the past 25 years. Understanding human disturbances and human effects on natural disturbance regimes is a key to establishing restoration goals and initiating restoration projects. However, as this literature has developed, the picture has become both more interesting and more complex: Disturbances interact; each disturbance leaves behind a patch work of effects; and particular disturbances have different effects in different seasons and from one year to another. In addition, different species respond differently to the same disturbance. We are left with questions such as: Can we predict vegetation response to fire in restoration projects? Clearly, we must understand the mechanisms of species response to disturbance in order to answer these questions and achieve a predictive science. The Editor’s Award for 2005 goes to a paper that treats interactions of fire and mowing in a long-term experiment: “Long-term composition responses of a South African mesic grassland to burning and mowing” by Fynn, Morris & Edwards (2005). The authors report on the 50+ year Ukulinga burning and mowing experiment at the research farm of the University of KwaZuluNatal in South Africa. This experiment, initiated in 1950, is remarkable: three replicates in a randomized split-plot, full-factorial design with four whole-plot and 11 subplot treatments. Mowing treatments included none to early season, late season, and early-plus-late season. Fire treatments were none, annual, biennial, and triannual in winter, spring or autumn. In sum, plot disturbance ranged from protection over 50 years to twice summer mowing plus mowing or fire in the dormant season each year. The authors found that grasses responded to type of disturbance and fire frequency, but forbs were less sensitive to disturbance type. The disturbance combinations controlled vegetation structure and composition, with some combinations producing a short-grass Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005 White, Peter S.1*; Chiarucci, Alessandro2; Collins, Beverly3 & Díaz, Sandra4 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; 2Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali ‘G. Sarfatti’, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; 3Savannah River Ecology Lab, P.O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA; 4Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo, RA-5000 Córdoba, Argentina; *Corresponding author; E-mail peter.white@unc.edu community and others a tall-grass community. Tillering strategy (below or above ground) for grasses and habit (erect or creeping) for forbs explained many responses and are a means to predict differing responses of grasses and herbs and different responses of species within each group to disturbance combinations. The conclusion of the study suggests that the highest diversity and greatest number of species (as well as benefits for wildlife species) can be achieved by applying results at the landscape scale to create patches of diverse structures from simple combinations of disturbance type and season. The authors also found transient responses and compensatory changes among species, thus demonstrating the importance of long-term and experimental research.
Fil: White, Peter S.. University of North Carolina; Estados Unidos
Fil: Chiarucci, Alessandro. Universita Degli Studi Di Siena; Italia
Fil: Collins, Beverly. University of Georgia. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Díaz, Sandra Myrna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina
Materia
Disturbance
Vegetation Science
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/32823

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spelling Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005White, Peter S.Chiarucci, AlessandroCollins, BeverlyDíaz, Sandra MyrnaDisturbanceVegetation Sciencehttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Disturbance ecology has become an integral part of vegetation science over the past 25 years. Understanding human disturbances and human effects on natural disturbance regimes is a key to establishing restoration goals and initiating restoration projects. However, as this literature has developed, the picture has become both more interesting and more complex: Disturbances interact; each disturbance leaves behind a patch work of effects; and particular disturbances have different effects in different seasons and from one year to another. In addition, different species respond differently to the same disturbance. We are left with questions such as: Can we predict vegetation response to fire in restoration projects? Clearly, we must understand the mechanisms of species response to disturbance in order to answer these questions and achieve a predictive science. The Editor’s Award for 2005 goes to a paper that treats interactions of fire and mowing in a long-term experiment: “Long-term composition responses of a South African mesic grassland to burning and mowing” by Fynn, Morris & Edwards (2005). The authors report on the 50+ year Ukulinga burning and mowing experiment at the research farm of the University of KwaZuluNatal in South Africa. This experiment, initiated in 1950, is remarkable: three replicates in a randomized split-plot, full-factorial design with four whole-plot and 11 subplot treatments. Mowing treatments included none to early season, late season, and early-plus-late season. Fire treatments were none, annual, biennial, and triannual in winter, spring or autumn. In sum, plot disturbance ranged from protection over 50 years to twice summer mowing plus mowing or fire in the dormant season each year. The authors found that grasses responded to type of disturbance and fire frequency, but forbs were less sensitive to disturbance type. The disturbance combinations controlled vegetation structure and composition, with some combinations producing a short-grass Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005 White, Peter S.1*; Chiarucci, Alessandro2; Collins, Beverly3 & Díaz, Sandra4 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; 2Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali ‘G. Sarfatti’, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; 3Savannah River Ecology Lab, P.O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA; 4Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo, RA-5000 Córdoba, Argentina; *Corresponding author; E-mail peter.white@unc.edu community and others a tall-grass community. Tillering strategy (below or above ground) for grasses and habit (erect or creeping) for forbs explained many responses and are a means to predict differing responses of grasses and herbs and different responses of species within each group to disturbance combinations. The conclusion of the study suggests that the highest diversity and greatest number of species (as well as benefits for wildlife species) can be achieved by applying results at the landscape scale to create patches of diverse structures from simple combinations of disturbance type and season. The authors also found transient responses and compensatory changes among species, thus demonstrating the importance of long-term and experimental research.Fil: White, Peter S.. University of North Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Chiarucci, Alessandro. Universita Degli Studi Di Siena; ItaliaFil: Collins, Beverly. University of Georgia. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Díaz, Sandra Myrna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaWiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc2006-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/32823Collins, Beverly; Díaz, Sandra Myrna; Chiarucci, Alessandro; White, Peter S.; Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Applied Vegetation Science; 9; 1; 5-2006; 1-21402-20011654-109XCONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2006.tb00647.x/abstractinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2006.tb00647.xinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:37:14Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/32823instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:37:14.257CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
title Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
spellingShingle Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
White, Peter S.
Disturbance
Vegetation Science
title_short Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
title_full Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
title_fullStr Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
title_full_unstemmed Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
title_sort Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv White, Peter S.
Chiarucci, Alessandro
Collins, Beverly
Díaz, Sandra Myrna
author White, Peter S.
author_facet White, Peter S.
Chiarucci, Alessandro
Collins, Beverly
Díaz, Sandra Myrna
author_role author
author2 Chiarucci, Alessandro
Collins, Beverly
Díaz, Sandra Myrna
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Disturbance
Vegetation Science
topic Disturbance
Vegetation Science
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Disturbance ecology has become an integral part of vegetation science over the past 25 years. Understanding human disturbances and human effects on natural disturbance regimes is a key to establishing restoration goals and initiating restoration projects. However, as this literature has developed, the picture has become both more interesting and more complex: Disturbances interact; each disturbance leaves behind a patch work of effects; and particular disturbances have different effects in different seasons and from one year to another. In addition, different species respond differently to the same disturbance. We are left with questions such as: Can we predict vegetation response to fire in restoration projects? Clearly, we must understand the mechanisms of species response to disturbance in order to answer these questions and achieve a predictive science. The Editor’s Award for 2005 goes to a paper that treats interactions of fire and mowing in a long-term experiment: “Long-term composition responses of a South African mesic grassland to burning and mowing” by Fynn, Morris & Edwards (2005). The authors report on the 50+ year Ukulinga burning and mowing experiment at the research farm of the University of KwaZuluNatal in South Africa. This experiment, initiated in 1950, is remarkable: three replicates in a randomized split-plot, full-factorial design with four whole-plot and 11 subplot treatments. Mowing treatments included none to early season, late season, and early-plus-late season. Fire treatments were none, annual, biennial, and triannual in winter, spring or autumn. In sum, plot disturbance ranged from protection over 50 years to twice summer mowing plus mowing or fire in the dormant season each year. The authors found that grasses responded to type of disturbance and fire frequency, but forbs were less sensitive to disturbance type. The disturbance combinations controlled vegetation structure and composition, with some combinations producing a short-grass Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005 White, Peter S.1*; Chiarucci, Alessandro2; Collins, Beverly3 & Díaz, Sandra4 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; 2Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali ‘G. Sarfatti’, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; 3Savannah River Ecology Lab, P.O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA; 4Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo, RA-5000 Córdoba, Argentina; *Corresponding author; E-mail peter.white@unc.edu community and others a tall-grass community. Tillering strategy (below or above ground) for grasses and habit (erect or creeping) for forbs explained many responses and are a means to predict differing responses of grasses and herbs and different responses of species within each group to disturbance combinations. The conclusion of the study suggests that the highest diversity and greatest number of species (as well as benefits for wildlife species) can be achieved by applying results at the landscape scale to create patches of diverse structures from simple combinations of disturbance type and season. The authors also found transient responses and compensatory changes among species, thus demonstrating the importance of long-term and experimental research.
Fil: White, Peter S.. University of North Carolina; Estados Unidos
Fil: Chiarucci, Alessandro. Universita Degli Studi Di Siena; Italia
Fil: Collins, Beverly. University of Georgia. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory; Estados Unidos
Fil: Díaz, Sandra Myrna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina
description Disturbance ecology has become an integral part of vegetation science over the past 25 years. Understanding human disturbances and human effects on natural disturbance regimes is a key to establishing restoration goals and initiating restoration projects. However, as this literature has developed, the picture has become both more interesting and more complex: Disturbances interact; each disturbance leaves behind a patch work of effects; and particular disturbances have different effects in different seasons and from one year to another. In addition, different species respond differently to the same disturbance. We are left with questions such as: Can we predict vegetation response to fire in restoration projects? Clearly, we must understand the mechanisms of species response to disturbance in order to answer these questions and achieve a predictive science. The Editor’s Award for 2005 goes to a paper that treats interactions of fire and mowing in a long-term experiment: “Long-term composition responses of a South African mesic grassland to burning and mowing” by Fynn, Morris & Edwards (2005). The authors report on the 50+ year Ukulinga burning and mowing experiment at the research farm of the University of KwaZuluNatal in South Africa. This experiment, initiated in 1950, is remarkable: three replicates in a randomized split-plot, full-factorial design with four whole-plot and 11 subplot treatments. Mowing treatments included none to early season, late season, and early-plus-late season. Fire treatments were none, annual, biennial, and triannual in winter, spring or autumn. In sum, plot disturbance ranged from protection over 50 years to twice summer mowing plus mowing or fire in the dormant season each year. The authors found that grasses responded to type of disturbance and fire frequency, but forbs were less sensitive to disturbance type. The disturbance combinations controlled vegetation structure and composition, with some combinations producing a short-grass Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005 White, Peter S.1*; Chiarucci, Alessandro2; Collins, Beverly3 & Díaz, Sandra4 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; 2Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali ‘G. Sarfatti’, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; 3Savannah River Ecology Lab, P.O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA; 4Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo, RA-5000 Córdoba, Argentina; *Corresponding author; E-mail peter.white@unc.edu community and others a tall-grass community. Tillering strategy (below or above ground) for grasses and habit (erect or creeping) for forbs explained many responses and are a means to predict differing responses of grasses and herbs and different responses of species within each group to disturbance combinations. The conclusion of the study suggests that the highest diversity and greatest number of species (as well as benefits for wildlife species) can be achieved by applying results at the landscape scale to create patches of diverse structures from simple combinations of disturbance type and season. The authors also found transient responses and compensatory changes among species, thus demonstrating the importance of long-term and experimental research.
publishDate 2006
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2006-05
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/32823
Collins, Beverly; Díaz, Sandra Myrna; Chiarucci, Alessandro; White, Peter S.; Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Applied Vegetation Science; 9; 1; 5-2006; 1-2
1402-2001
1654-109X
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/32823
identifier_str_mv Collins, Beverly; Díaz, Sandra Myrna; Chiarucci, Alessandro; White, Peter S.; Editorial article: Disturbance, seeds, restoration, and the importance of experiments and long-term observations: the Editors’ Award for 2005; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Applied Vegetation Science; 9; 1; 5-2006; 1-2
1402-2001
1654-109X
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
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