Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253

Autores
Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan; Agüero, Maria Paz; Camperi, Javier Antonio; Diaz, Ruben Joaquin; Gomez, P. L.; Bosch, Guillermo Luis; Schirmer, M.
Año de publicación
2015
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
NGC 253 is the nearest spiral galaxy with a nuclear starburst that becomes the best candidate for studying the relationship between starburst and active galactic nucleus activity. However, this central region is veiled by large amounts of dust, and it has been so far unclear which is the true dynamical nucleus to the point that there is no strong evidence that the galaxy harbors a supermassive black hole co-evolving with the starburst as was supposed earlier. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, especially NIR emission line analysis, could be advantageous in shedding light on the true nucleus identity. Using Flamingos-2 at Gemini South we have taken deep K-band spectra along the major axis of the central structure and through the brightest infrared source. In this work, we present evidence showing that the brightest NIR and mid-infrared source in the central region, already known as radio source TH7 and so far considered just a large stellar supercluster, in fact presents various symptoms of a genuine galactic nucleus. Therefore, it should be considered a valid nucleus candidate. Mentioning some distinctive aspects, it is the most massive compact infrared object in the central region, located at 2.″0 of the symmetry center of the galactic bar, as measured in the K-band emission. Moreover, our data indicate that this object is surrounded by a large circumnuclear stellar disk and it is also located at the rotation center of the large molecular gas disk of NGC 253. Furthermore, a kinematic residual appears in the H2 rotation curve with a sinusoidal shape consistent with an outflow centered in the candidate nucleus position. The maximum outflow velocity is located about 14 pc from TH7, which is consistent with the radius of a shell detected around the nucleus candidate, observed at 18.3 μm (Qa) and 12.8 μm ([Ne ii]) with T-ReCS. Also, the Brγ emission line profile shows a pronounced blueshift and this emission line also has the highest equivalent width at this position. All this evidence points to TH7 as the best candidate for the galactic nucleus of NGC 253.
Fil: Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Agüero, Maria Paz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Camperi, Javier Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Diaz, Ruben Joaquin. Gemini Observatory; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Gomez, P. L.. Gemini Observatory; Chile
Fil: Bosch, Guillermo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Schirmer, M.. Gemini Observatory; Chile. Universitat Bonn; Alemania
Materia
GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL (NGC 253)
GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
GALAXIES: NUCLEI
GALAXIES: STRUCTURE
INFRARED: GALAXIES
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/69778
Acceder
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repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253Gunthardt, Guillermo IvanAgüero, Maria PazCamperi, Javier AntonioDiaz, Ruben JoaquinGomez, P. L.Bosch, Guillermo LuisSchirmer, M.GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL (NGC 253)GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICSGALAXIES: NUCLEIGALAXIES: STRUCTUREINFRARED: GALAXIEShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1NGC 253 is the nearest spiral galaxy with a nuclear starburst that becomes the best candidate for studying the relationship between starburst and active galactic nucleus activity. However, this central region is veiled by large amounts of dust, and it has been so far unclear which is the true dynamical nucleus to the point that there is no strong evidence that the galaxy harbors a supermassive black hole co-evolving with the starburst as was supposed earlier. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, especially NIR emission line analysis, could be advantageous in shedding light on the true nucleus identity. Using Flamingos-2 at Gemini South we have taken deep K-band spectra along the major axis of the central structure and through the brightest infrared source. In this work, we present evidence showing that the brightest NIR and mid-infrared source in the central region, already known as radio source TH7 and so far considered just a large stellar supercluster, in fact presents various symptoms of a genuine galactic nucleus. Therefore, it should be considered a valid nucleus candidate. Mentioning some distinctive aspects, it is the most massive compact infrared object in the central region, located at 2.″0 of the symmetry center of the galactic bar, as measured in the K-band emission. Moreover, our data indicate that this object is surrounded by a large circumnuclear stellar disk and it is also located at the rotation center of the large molecular gas disk of NGC 253. Furthermore, a kinematic residual appears in the H2 rotation curve with a sinusoidal shape consistent with an outflow centered in the candidate nucleus position. The maximum outflow velocity is located about 14 pc from TH7, which is consistent with the radius of a shell detected around the nucleus candidate, observed at 18.3 μm (Qa) and 12.8 μm ([Ne ii]) with T-ReCS. Also, the Brγ emission line profile shows a pronounced blueshift and this emission line also has the highest equivalent width at this position. All this evidence points to TH7 as the best candidate for the galactic nucleus of NGC 253.Fil: Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Agüero, Maria Paz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Camperi, Javier Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Ruben Joaquin. Gemini Observatory; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, P. L.. Gemini Observatory; ChileFil: Bosch, Guillermo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Schirmer, M.. Gemini Observatory; Chile. Universitat Bonn; AlemaniaIOP Publishing2015-11info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/69778Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan; Agüero, Maria Paz; Camperi, Javier Antonio; Diaz, Ruben Joaquin; Gomez, P. L.; et al.; Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253; IOP Publishing; Astronomical Journal; 150; 5; 11-2015; 1-18; 1390004-6256CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/139info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/139/metainfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.00330info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:35:20Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/69778instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:35:20.928CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
title Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
spellingShingle Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan
GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL (NGC 253)
GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
GALAXIES: NUCLEI
GALAXIES: STRUCTURE
INFRARED: GALAXIES
title_short Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
title_full Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
title_fullStr Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
title_full_unstemmed Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
title_sort Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan
Agüero, Maria Paz
Camperi, Javier Antonio
Diaz, Ruben Joaquin
Gomez, P. L.
Bosch, Guillermo Luis
Schirmer, M.
author Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan
author_facet Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan
Agüero, Maria Paz
Camperi, Javier Antonio
Diaz, Ruben Joaquin
Gomez, P. L.
Bosch, Guillermo Luis
Schirmer, M.
author_role author
author2 Agüero, Maria Paz
Camperi, Javier Antonio
Diaz, Ruben Joaquin
Gomez, P. L.
Bosch, Guillermo Luis
Schirmer, M.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL (NGC 253)
GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
GALAXIES: NUCLEI
GALAXIES: STRUCTURE
INFRARED: GALAXIES
topic GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL (NGC 253)
GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
GALAXIES: NUCLEI
GALAXIES: STRUCTURE
INFRARED: GALAXIES
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv NGC 253 is the nearest spiral galaxy with a nuclear starburst that becomes the best candidate for studying the relationship between starburst and active galactic nucleus activity. However, this central region is veiled by large amounts of dust, and it has been so far unclear which is the true dynamical nucleus to the point that there is no strong evidence that the galaxy harbors a supermassive black hole co-evolving with the starburst as was supposed earlier. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, especially NIR emission line analysis, could be advantageous in shedding light on the true nucleus identity. Using Flamingos-2 at Gemini South we have taken deep K-band spectra along the major axis of the central structure and through the brightest infrared source. In this work, we present evidence showing that the brightest NIR and mid-infrared source in the central region, already known as radio source TH7 and so far considered just a large stellar supercluster, in fact presents various symptoms of a genuine galactic nucleus. Therefore, it should be considered a valid nucleus candidate. Mentioning some distinctive aspects, it is the most massive compact infrared object in the central region, located at 2.″0 of the symmetry center of the galactic bar, as measured in the K-band emission. Moreover, our data indicate that this object is surrounded by a large circumnuclear stellar disk and it is also located at the rotation center of the large molecular gas disk of NGC 253. Furthermore, a kinematic residual appears in the H2 rotation curve with a sinusoidal shape consistent with an outflow centered in the candidate nucleus position. The maximum outflow velocity is located about 14 pc from TH7, which is consistent with the radius of a shell detected around the nucleus candidate, observed at 18.3 μm (Qa) and 12.8 μm ([Ne ii]) with T-ReCS. Also, the Brγ emission line profile shows a pronounced blueshift and this emission line also has the highest equivalent width at this position. All this evidence points to TH7 as the best candidate for the galactic nucleus of NGC 253.
Fil: Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Agüero, Maria Paz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Camperi, Javier Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Diaz, Ruben Joaquin. Gemini Observatory; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Gomez, P. L.. Gemini Observatory; Chile
Fil: Bosch, Guillermo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Schirmer, M.. Gemini Observatory; Chile. Universitat Bonn; Alemania
description NGC 253 is the nearest spiral galaxy with a nuclear starburst that becomes the best candidate for studying the relationship between starburst and active galactic nucleus activity. However, this central region is veiled by large amounts of dust, and it has been so far unclear which is the true dynamical nucleus to the point that there is no strong evidence that the galaxy harbors a supermassive black hole co-evolving with the starburst as was supposed earlier. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, especially NIR emission line analysis, could be advantageous in shedding light on the true nucleus identity. Using Flamingos-2 at Gemini South we have taken deep K-band spectra along the major axis of the central structure and through the brightest infrared source. In this work, we present evidence showing that the brightest NIR and mid-infrared source in the central region, already known as radio source TH7 and so far considered just a large stellar supercluster, in fact presents various symptoms of a genuine galactic nucleus. Therefore, it should be considered a valid nucleus candidate. Mentioning some distinctive aspects, it is the most massive compact infrared object in the central region, located at 2.″0 of the symmetry center of the galactic bar, as measured in the K-band emission. Moreover, our data indicate that this object is surrounded by a large circumnuclear stellar disk and it is also located at the rotation center of the large molecular gas disk of NGC 253. Furthermore, a kinematic residual appears in the H2 rotation curve with a sinusoidal shape consistent with an outflow centered in the candidate nucleus position. The maximum outflow velocity is located about 14 pc from TH7, which is consistent with the radius of a shell detected around the nucleus candidate, observed at 18.3 μm (Qa) and 12.8 μm ([Ne ii]) with T-ReCS. Also, the Brγ emission line profile shows a pronounced blueshift and this emission line also has the highest equivalent width at this position. All this evidence points to TH7 as the best candidate for the galactic nucleus of NGC 253.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015-11
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/69778
Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan; Agüero, Maria Paz; Camperi, Javier Antonio; Diaz, Ruben Joaquin; Gomez, P. L.; et al.; Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253; IOP Publishing; Astronomical Journal; 150; 5; 11-2015; 1-18; 139
0004-6256
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/69778
identifier_str_mv Gunthardt, Guillermo Ivan; Agüero, Maria Paz; Camperi, Javier Antonio; Diaz, Ruben Joaquin; Gomez, P. L.; et al.; Uncovering the nucleus candidate for NGC 253; IOP Publishing; Astronomical Journal; 150; 5; 11-2015; 1-18; 139
0004-6256
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/139
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/139/meta
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.00330
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv IOP Publishing
publisher.none.fl_str_mv IOP Publishing
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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