The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit

• Autores: Ma, Haozhi; Crowther, Thomas W.; Mo, Lidong; Maynard, Daniel S.; Renner, Susanne S.; van den Hoogen, Johan; Zou, Yibiao; Liang, Jingjing; de Miguel, Sergio Ruben; Nabuurs, Gert Jan; Reich, Peter B.; Niinemets, Ülo; Abegg, Meinrad; Adou Yao, Yves C.; Alberti, Giorgio; Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M.; Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez; Alvarez Dávila, Esteban; Alvarez Loayza, Patricia; Alves, Luciana F.; Ammer, Christian; Antón Fernández, Clara; Araujo Murakami, Alejandro; Arroyo, Luzmila; Peri, Pablo Luis; Zhao, Xiuhai; Zhou, Mo; Zhu, Zhi Xin; Zo Bi, Irie C.; Zohner, Constantin M.
• Año de publicación: 2023
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: global leaf type; forest leaf types; broadleaved; needle-leaved
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Understanding what controls global leaf type variation in trees is crucial for comprehending their role in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon, water and nutrient dynamics. Yet our understanding of the factors influencing forest leaf types remains incomplete, leaving us uncertain about the global proportions of needle-leaved, broadleaved, evergreen and deciduous trees. To address these gaps, we conducted a global, ground-sourced assessment of forest leaf-type variation by integrating forest inventory data with comprehensive leaf form (broadleaf vs needle-leaf) and habit(evergreen vs deciduous) records. We found that global variation in leaf habit is primarily driven by isothermality and soil characteristics, while leaf form is predominantly driven by temperature. Given these relationships, we estimate that 38% of global tree individuals are needle-leaved evergreen, 29% are broadleaved evergreen, 27% are broadleaved deciduous and 5% are needle-leaved deciduous. The aboveground biomass distribution among these tree types is approximately 21% (126.4 Gt), 54% (335.7 Gt), 22% (136.2 Gt) and 3% (18.7 Gt), respectively. We further project that, depending on future emissions pathways, 17–34% of forested areas will experience climate conditions by the end of the century that currently support a different forest type, highlighting the intensification of climatic stress on existing forests. By quantifying the distribution of tree leaf types and their corresponding biomass, and identifying regions where climate change will exert greatest pressure on current leaf types, our results can help improve predictions of future terrestrial ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling.
Fil: Ma, Haozhi. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza
Fil: Crowther, Thomas W.. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza
Fil: Mo, Lidong. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza
Fil: Maynard, Daniel S.. University College London; Estados Unidos. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza
Fil: Renner, Susanne S.. University of Washington; Estados Unidos
Fil: van den Hoogen, Johan. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza
Fil: Zou, Yibiao. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza
Fil: Liang, Jingjing. Purdue University; Estados Unidos
Fil: de Miguel, Sergio Ruben. Universidad de Lleida; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Nabuurs, Gert Jan. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
Fil: Reich, Peter B.. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos. University of Western Sydney; Australia. University of Michigan; Estados Unidos
Fil: Niinemets, Ülo. Estonian University of Life Sciences; Estonia
Fil: Abegg, Meinrad. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research; Suiza
Fil: Adou Yao, Yves C.. University Félix Houphouët-Boigny; Costa de Marfil
Fil: Alberti, Giorgio. Università di Udine; Italia. National Biodiversity Future Center; Italia
Fil: Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos
Fil: Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez. Tecnológico de Costa Rica; Costa Rica
Fil: Alvarez Dávila, Esteban. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia;
Fil: Alvarez Loayza, Patricia. Field Museum of Natural History; Estados Unidos
Fil: Alves, Luciana F.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ammer, Christian. University of Göttingen; Alemania
Fil: Antón Fernández, Clara. Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research; Noruega
Fil: Araujo Murakami, Alejandro. Museo de Historia natural Noel kempff Mercado; Bolivia
Fil: Arroyo, Luzmila. Museo de Historia natural Noel kempff Mercado; Bolivia
Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Cruz. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz; Argentina
Fil: Zhao, Xiuhai. Beijing Forestry University; China
Fil: Zhou, Mo. Purdue University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Zhu, Zhi Xin. Hainan University; China
Fil: Zo Bi, Irie C.. National Polytechnic Institute; Costa de Marfil
Fil: Zohner, Constantin M.. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; Suiza