Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity

Autores
Bossard, Robert L.; Lareschi, Marcela; Urdapilleta, Mara; Cutillas, Cristina; Zurita, Antonio
Año de publicación
2023
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
This overview of extant Siphonaptera lists 19 families with major hosts and their general distribution, estimated numbers of genera, species, and subspecies, with a brief taxonomic and phylogenetic review. With around 10 new species described annually, extant flea fauna comprises an estimated 249 genera, 2215 species, and 714 subspecies globally, mostly mammal parasites, but 5% of species are on birds. Host specificity varies from euryxenous (i.e., infesting two or more host orders) (e.g., cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis) to monoxenous (e.g., rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi). The largest family is the paraphyletic Hystrichopsyllidae, making up a third of all flea species. The largest monophyletic family, Ceratophyllidae (rodent and bird fleas), comprises another 20% and has dispersed to every continent, including Antarctica. Fleas descend from scorpionflies (Mecoptera), possibly snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) or Nannochoristidae, and even giant fossils found from the Mesozoic could be Siphonaptera. The diversification of fleas shows evidence of taxon cycles. “Relict” families, such as helmet fleas (Stephanocircidae), have a disjunct distribution reflecting the breakup of Gondwanaland 70 million years ago. “Niche specialists” include nest fleas (Anomiopsyllus), bat fleas (Ischnopsyllidae), and burrowing fleas, such as chigoes (Tungidae). By contrast, Ceratophyllidae fleas could be considered “great speciators”. Cat fleas and several other synanthropic flea species are invasive “supertramps”. Although those species are intensively studied, many flea species and their hosts require urgent surveys and conservation.
Fil: Bossard, Robert L.. No especifíca;
Fil: Lareschi, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina
Fil: Urdapilleta, Mara. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina
Fil: Cutillas, Cristina. Universidad de Sevilla; España
Fil: Zurita, Antonio. Universidad de Sevilla; España
Materia
CONSERVATION
ECTOPARASITE
ENDANGERED SPECIES
GREAT SPECIATOR
INVASIVE SPECIES
PHYLOGENY
RELICT SPECIES
SUPERTRAMP SPECIES
TAXON CYCLE
TAXONOMY
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/224587
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/224587
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family DiversityBossard, Robert L.Lareschi, MarcelaUrdapilleta, MaraCutillas, CristinaZurita, AntonioCONSERVATIONECTOPARASITEENDANGERED SPECIESGREAT SPECIATORINVASIVE SPECIESPHYLOGENYRELICT SPECIESSUPERTRAMP SPECIESTAXON CYCLETAXONOMYhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1This overview of extant Siphonaptera lists 19 families with major hosts and their general distribution, estimated numbers of genera, species, and subspecies, with a brief taxonomic and phylogenetic review. With around 10 new species described annually, extant flea fauna comprises an estimated 249 genera, 2215 species, and 714 subspecies globally, mostly mammal parasites, but 5% of species are on birds. Host specificity varies from euryxenous (i.e., infesting two or more host orders) (e.g., cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis) to monoxenous (e.g., rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi). The largest family is the paraphyletic Hystrichopsyllidae, making up a third of all flea species. The largest monophyletic family, Ceratophyllidae (rodent and bird fleas), comprises another 20% and has dispersed to every continent, including Antarctica. Fleas descend from scorpionflies (Mecoptera), possibly snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) or Nannochoristidae, and even giant fossils found from the Mesozoic could be Siphonaptera. The diversification of fleas shows evidence of taxon cycles. “Relict” families, such as helmet fleas (Stephanocircidae), have a disjunct distribution reflecting the breakup of Gondwanaland 70 million years ago. “Niche specialists” include nest fleas (Anomiopsyllus), bat fleas (Ischnopsyllidae), and burrowing fleas, such as chigoes (Tungidae). By contrast, Ceratophyllidae fleas could be considered “great speciators”. Cat fleas and several other synanthropic flea species are invasive “supertramps”. Although those species are intensively studied, many flea species and their hosts require urgent surveys and conservation.Fil: Bossard, Robert L.. No especifíca;Fil: Lareschi, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Urdapilleta, Mara. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Cutillas, Cristina. Universidad de Sevilla; EspañaFil: Zurita, Antonio. Universidad de Sevilla; EspañaMDPI2023-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/224587Bossard, Robert L.; Lareschi, Marcela; Urdapilleta, Mara; Cutillas, Cristina; Zurita, Antonio; Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity; MDPI; Diversity; 15; 10; 10-2023; 1-151424-2818CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/10/1096info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/d15101096info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-22T11:22:27Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/224587instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-22 11:22:27.751CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
title Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
spellingShingle Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
Bossard, Robert L.
CONSERVATION
ECTOPARASITE
ENDANGERED SPECIES
GREAT SPECIATOR
INVASIVE SPECIES
PHYLOGENY
RELICT SPECIES
SUPERTRAMP SPECIES
TAXON CYCLE
TAXONOMY
title_short Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
title_full Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
title_fullStr Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
title_full_unstemmed Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
title_sort Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Bossard, Robert L.
Lareschi, Marcela
Urdapilleta, Mara
Cutillas, Cristina
Zurita, Antonio
author Bossard, Robert L.
author_facet Bossard, Robert L.
Lareschi, Marcela
Urdapilleta, Mara
Cutillas, Cristina
Zurita, Antonio
author_role author
author2 Lareschi, Marcela
Urdapilleta, Mara
Cutillas, Cristina
Zurita, Antonio
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv CONSERVATION
ECTOPARASITE
ENDANGERED SPECIES
GREAT SPECIATOR
INVASIVE SPECIES
PHYLOGENY
RELICT SPECIES
SUPERTRAMP SPECIES
TAXON CYCLE
TAXONOMY
topic CONSERVATION
ECTOPARASITE
ENDANGERED SPECIES
GREAT SPECIATOR
INVASIVE SPECIES
PHYLOGENY
RELICT SPECIES
SUPERTRAMP SPECIES
TAXON CYCLE
TAXONOMY
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv This overview of extant Siphonaptera lists 19 families with major hosts and their general distribution, estimated numbers of genera, species, and subspecies, with a brief taxonomic and phylogenetic review. With around 10 new species described annually, extant flea fauna comprises an estimated 249 genera, 2215 species, and 714 subspecies globally, mostly mammal parasites, but 5% of species are on birds. Host specificity varies from euryxenous (i.e., infesting two or more host orders) (e.g., cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis) to monoxenous (e.g., rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi). The largest family is the paraphyletic Hystrichopsyllidae, making up a third of all flea species. The largest monophyletic family, Ceratophyllidae (rodent and bird fleas), comprises another 20% and has dispersed to every continent, including Antarctica. Fleas descend from scorpionflies (Mecoptera), possibly snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) or Nannochoristidae, and even giant fossils found from the Mesozoic could be Siphonaptera. The diversification of fleas shows evidence of taxon cycles. “Relict” families, such as helmet fleas (Stephanocircidae), have a disjunct distribution reflecting the breakup of Gondwanaland 70 million years ago. “Niche specialists” include nest fleas (Anomiopsyllus), bat fleas (Ischnopsyllidae), and burrowing fleas, such as chigoes (Tungidae). By contrast, Ceratophyllidae fleas could be considered “great speciators”. Cat fleas and several other synanthropic flea species are invasive “supertramps”. Although those species are intensively studied, many flea species and their hosts require urgent surveys and conservation.
Fil: Bossard, Robert L.. No especifíca;
Fil: Lareschi, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina
Fil: Urdapilleta, Mara. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina
Fil: Cutillas, Cristina. Universidad de Sevilla; España
Fil: Zurita, Antonio. Universidad de Sevilla; España
description This overview of extant Siphonaptera lists 19 families with major hosts and their general distribution, estimated numbers of genera, species, and subspecies, with a brief taxonomic and phylogenetic review. With around 10 new species described annually, extant flea fauna comprises an estimated 249 genera, 2215 species, and 714 subspecies globally, mostly mammal parasites, but 5% of species are on birds. Host specificity varies from euryxenous (i.e., infesting two or more host orders) (e.g., cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis) to monoxenous (e.g., rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi). The largest family is the paraphyletic Hystrichopsyllidae, making up a third of all flea species. The largest monophyletic family, Ceratophyllidae (rodent and bird fleas), comprises another 20% and has dispersed to every continent, including Antarctica. Fleas descend from scorpionflies (Mecoptera), possibly snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) or Nannochoristidae, and even giant fossils found from the Mesozoic could be Siphonaptera. The diversification of fleas shows evidence of taxon cycles. “Relict” families, such as helmet fleas (Stephanocircidae), have a disjunct distribution reflecting the breakup of Gondwanaland 70 million years ago. “Niche specialists” include nest fleas (Anomiopsyllus), bat fleas (Ischnopsyllidae), and burrowing fleas, such as chigoes (Tungidae). By contrast, Ceratophyllidae fleas could be considered “great speciators”. Cat fleas and several other synanthropic flea species are invasive “supertramps”. Although those species are intensively studied, many flea species and their hosts require urgent surveys and conservation.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-10
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/224587
Bossard, Robert L.; Lareschi, Marcela; Urdapilleta, Mara; Cutillas, Cristina; Zurita, Antonio; Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity; MDPI; Diversity; 15; 10; 10-2023; 1-15
1424-2818
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/224587
identifier_str_mv Bossard, Robert L.; Lareschi, Marcela; Urdapilleta, Mara; Cutillas, Cristina; Zurita, Antonio; Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity; MDPI; Diversity; 15; 10; 10-2023; 1-15
1424-2818
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/10/1096
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/d15101096
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 12.982451

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