Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere

Autores
Koenig, Theodore K.; Baidar, Sunil; Campuzano Jost, Pedro; Cuevas, Carlos Alberto; Dix, Barbara; Fernandez, Rafael Pedro; Guo, Hongyu; Hall, Samuel R.; Kinnison, Douglas; Nault, Benjamin A.; Ullmann, Kirk; Jimenez, Jose L.; Saiz López, Alfonso; Volkamer, Rainer
Año de publicación
2020
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gasphase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause.
Fil: Koenig, Theodore K.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Baidar, Sunil. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Campuzano Jost, Pedro. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Cuevas, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España
Fil: Dix, Barbara. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Fernandez, Rafael Pedro. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; Argentina
Fil: Guo, Hongyu. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hall, Samuel R.. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kinnison, Douglas. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Nault, Benjamin A.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ullmann, Kirk. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Jimenez, Jose L.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Saiz López, Alfonso. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España
Fil: Volkamer, Rainer. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Materia
GAS PHASE
HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY
IODINE
STRATOSPHERIC OZONE
UTLS
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/140860
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/140860
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphereKoenig, Theodore K.Baidar, SunilCampuzano Jost, PedroCuevas, Carlos AlbertoDix, BarbaraFernandez, Rafael PedroGuo, HongyuHall, Samuel R.Kinnison, DouglasNault, Benjamin A.Ullmann, KirkJimenez, Jose L.Saiz López, AlfonsoVolkamer, RainerGAS PHASEHETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRYIODINESTRATOSPHERIC OZONEUTLShttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gasphase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause.Fil: Koenig, Theodore K.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Baidar, Sunil. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Campuzano Jost, Pedro. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Cuevas, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; EspañaFil: Dix, Barbara. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Fernandez, Rafael Pedro. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Guo, Hongyu. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Hall, Samuel R.. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados UnidosFil: Kinnison, Douglas. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados UnidosFil: Nault, Benjamin A.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Ullmann, Kirk. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados UnidosFil: Jimenez, Jose L.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosFil: Saiz López, Alfonso. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; EspañaFil: Volkamer, Rainer. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados UnidosNational Academy of Sciences2020-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/140860Koenig, Theodore K.; Baidar, Sunil; Campuzano Jost, Pedro; Cuevas, Carlos Alberto; Dix, Barbara; et al.; Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere; National Academy of Sciences; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America; 117; 4; 1-2020; 1860-18660027-8424CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1916828117info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1073/pnas.1916828117info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-03T09:56:58Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/140860instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-03 09:56:58.414CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
title Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
spellingShingle Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
Koenig, Theodore K.
GAS PHASE
HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY
IODINE
STRATOSPHERIC OZONE
UTLS
title_short Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
title_full Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
title_fullStr Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
title_sort Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Koenig, Theodore K.
Baidar, Sunil
Campuzano Jost, Pedro
Cuevas, Carlos Alberto
Dix, Barbara
Fernandez, Rafael Pedro
Guo, Hongyu
Hall, Samuel R.
Kinnison, Douglas
Nault, Benjamin A.
Ullmann, Kirk
Jimenez, Jose L.
Saiz López, Alfonso
Volkamer, Rainer
author Koenig, Theodore K.
author_facet Koenig, Theodore K.
Baidar, Sunil
Campuzano Jost, Pedro
Cuevas, Carlos Alberto
Dix, Barbara
Fernandez, Rafael Pedro
Guo, Hongyu
Hall, Samuel R.
Kinnison, Douglas
Nault, Benjamin A.
Ullmann, Kirk
Jimenez, Jose L.
Saiz López, Alfonso
Volkamer, Rainer
author_role author
author2 Baidar, Sunil
Campuzano Jost, Pedro
Cuevas, Carlos Alberto
Dix, Barbara
Fernandez, Rafael Pedro
Guo, Hongyu
Hall, Samuel R.
Kinnison, Douglas
Nault, Benjamin A.
Ullmann, Kirk
Jimenez, Jose L.
Saiz López, Alfonso
Volkamer, Rainer
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv GAS PHASE
HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY
IODINE
STRATOSPHERIC OZONE
UTLS
topic GAS PHASE
HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY
IODINE
STRATOSPHERIC OZONE
UTLS
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gasphase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause.
Fil: Koenig, Theodore K.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Baidar, Sunil. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Campuzano Jost, Pedro. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Cuevas, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España
Fil: Dix, Barbara. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Fernandez, Rafael Pedro. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; Argentina
Fil: Guo, Hongyu. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hall, Samuel R.. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kinnison, Douglas. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Nault, Benjamin A.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ullmann, Kirk. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados Unidos
Fil: Jimenez, Jose L.. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
Fil: Saiz López, Alfonso. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Química Física; España
Fil: Volkamer, Rainer. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
description Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gasphase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/140860
Koenig, Theodore K.; Baidar, Sunil; Campuzano Jost, Pedro; Cuevas, Carlos Alberto; Dix, Barbara; et al.; Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere; National Academy of Sciences; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America; 117; 4; 1-2020; 1860-1866
0027-8424
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/140860
identifier_str_mv Koenig, Theodore K.; Baidar, Sunil; Campuzano Jost, Pedro; Cuevas, Carlos Alberto; Dix, Barbara; et al.; Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere; National Academy of Sciences; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America; 117; 4; 1-2020; 1860-1866
0027-8424
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1916828117
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1073/pnas.1916828117
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv National Academy of Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv National Academy of Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.13397

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