How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems

Autores
Lambers, Hans; Albornoz, Felipe; Kotula, Lukasz; Léveillé Bourret, Étienne; Ranathunge, Kosala; Teste, Francois; Zemunik, Graham
Año de publicación
2018
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Background: Mycorrhizal strategies are very effective in enhancing plant acquisition of poorly-mobile nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P) from infertile soil. However, on very old and severely P-impoverished soils, a carboxylate-releasing and P-mobilising cluster-root strategy is more effective at acquiring this growth-limiting resource. Carboxylates are released during a period of only a few days from ephemeral cluster roots. Despite the cluster-root strategy being superior for P acquisition in such environments, these species coexist with a wide range of mycorrhizal species, raising questions about the mechanisms contributing to their coexistence. Scope: We surmise that the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal strategies is primarily accounted for by a combination of belowground mechanisms, namely (i) facilitation of P acquisition by mycorrhizal plants from neighbouring cluster-rooted plants, and (ii) interactions between roots, pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi, which enhance the plants’ defence against pathogens. Facilitation of nutrient acquisition by cluster-rooted plants involves carboxylate exudation, making more P available for both themselves and their mycorrhizal neighbours. Belowground nutrient exchanges between carboxylate-exuding plants and mycorrhizal N2-fixing plants appear likely, but require further experimental testing to determine their nutritional and ecological relevance. Anatomical studies of roots of cluster-rooted Proteaceae species show that they do not form a complete suberised exodermis. Conclusions: The absence of an exodermis may well be important to rapidly release carboxylates, but likely lowers root structural defences against pathogens, particularly oomycetes. Conversely, roots of mycorrhizal plants may not be as effective at acquiring P when P availability is very low, but they are better defended against pathogens, and this superior defence likely involves mycorrhizal fungi. Taken together, we are beginning to understand how an exceptionally large number of plant species and P-acquisition strategies coexist on the most severely P-impoverished soils.
Fil: Lambers, Hans. University of Western Australia; Australia
Fil: Albornoz, Felipe. State University of Oregon; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kotula, Lukasz. University of Western Australia; Australia
Fil: Léveillé Bourret, Étienne. University of Western Australia; Australia. University of Montreal; Canadá
Fil: Ranathunge, Kosala. University of Western Australia; Australia
Fil: Teste, Francois. University of Western Australia; Australia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis ; Argentina
Fil: Zemunik, Graham. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Panamá
Materia
Carboxylates, Cluster Roots
Competition
Facilitation
Hyperdiverse Ecosystems
Mycorrhizas
Non-Mycorrhizal Plants
Pathogen Defence
Phosphorus
Proteaceae
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/65182

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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystemsLambers, HansAlbornoz, FelipeKotula, LukaszLéveillé Bourret, ÉtienneRanathunge, KosalaTeste, FrancoisZemunik, GrahamCarboxylates, Cluster RootsCompetitionFacilitationHyperdiverse EcosystemsMycorrhizasNon-Mycorrhizal PlantsPathogen DefencePhosphorusProteaceaehttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Background: Mycorrhizal strategies are very effective in enhancing plant acquisition of poorly-mobile nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P) from infertile soil. However, on very old and severely P-impoverished soils, a carboxylate-releasing and P-mobilising cluster-root strategy is more effective at acquiring this growth-limiting resource. Carboxylates are released during a period of only a few days from ephemeral cluster roots. Despite the cluster-root strategy being superior for P acquisition in such environments, these species coexist with a wide range of mycorrhizal species, raising questions about the mechanisms contributing to their coexistence. Scope: We surmise that the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal strategies is primarily accounted for by a combination of belowground mechanisms, namely (i) facilitation of P acquisition by mycorrhizal plants from neighbouring cluster-rooted plants, and (ii) interactions between roots, pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi, which enhance the plants’ defence against pathogens. Facilitation of nutrient acquisition by cluster-rooted plants involves carboxylate exudation, making more P available for both themselves and their mycorrhizal neighbours. Belowground nutrient exchanges between carboxylate-exuding plants and mycorrhizal N2-fixing plants appear likely, but require further experimental testing to determine their nutritional and ecological relevance. Anatomical studies of roots of cluster-rooted Proteaceae species show that they do not form a complete suberised exodermis. Conclusions: The absence of an exodermis may well be important to rapidly release carboxylates, but likely lowers root structural defences against pathogens, particularly oomycetes. Conversely, roots of mycorrhizal plants may not be as effective at acquiring P when P availability is very low, but they are better defended against pathogens, and this superior defence likely involves mycorrhizal fungi. Taken together, we are beginning to understand how an exceptionally large number of plant species and P-acquisition strategies coexist on the most severely P-impoverished soils.Fil: Lambers, Hans. University of Western Australia; AustraliaFil: Albornoz, Felipe. State University of Oregon; Estados UnidosFil: Kotula, Lukasz. University of Western Australia; AustraliaFil: Léveillé Bourret, Étienne. University of Western Australia; Australia. University of Montreal; CanadáFil: Ranathunge, Kosala. University of Western Australia; AustraliaFil: Teste, Francois. University of Western Australia; Australia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis ; ArgentinaFil: Zemunik, Graham. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; PanamáSpringer2018-03info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/65182Lambers, Hans; Albornoz, Felipe; Kotula, Lukasz; Léveillé Bourret, Étienne; Ranathunge, Kosala; et al.; How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems; Springer; Plant and Soil; 424; 1-2; 3-2018; 11-330032-079X1573-5036CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s11104-017-3427-2info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-017-3427-2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:31:43Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/65182instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:31:43.903CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
title How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
spellingShingle How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
Lambers, Hans
Carboxylates, Cluster Roots
Competition
Facilitation
Hyperdiverse Ecosystems
Mycorrhizas
Non-Mycorrhizal Plants
Pathogen Defence
Phosphorus
Proteaceae
title_short How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
title_full How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
title_fullStr How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
title_full_unstemmed How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
title_sort How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Lambers, Hans
Albornoz, Felipe
Kotula, Lukasz
Léveillé Bourret, Étienne
Ranathunge, Kosala
Teste, Francois
Zemunik, Graham
author Lambers, Hans
author_facet Lambers, Hans
Albornoz, Felipe
Kotula, Lukasz
Léveillé Bourret, Étienne
Ranathunge, Kosala
Teste, Francois
Zemunik, Graham
author_role author
author2 Albornoz, Felipe
Kotula, Lukasz
Léveillé Bourret, Étienne
Ranathunge, Kosala
Teste, Francois
Zemunik, Graham
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Carboxylates, Cluster Roots
Competition
Facilitation
Hyperdiverse Ecosystems
Mycorrhizas
Non-Mycorrhizal Plants
Pathogen Defence
Phosphorus
Proteaceae
topic Carboxylates, Cluster Roots
Competition
Facilitation
Hyperdiverse Ecosystems
Mycorrhizas
Non-Mycorrhizal Plants
Pathogen Defence
Phosphorus
Proteaceae
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Background: Mycorrhizal strategies are very effective in enhancing plant acquisition of poorly-mobile nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P) from infertile soil. However, on very old and severely P-impoverished soils, a carboxylate-releasing and P-mobilising cluster-root strategy is more effective at acquiring this growth-limiting resource. Carboxylates are released during a period of only a few days from ephemeral cluster roots. Despite the cluster-root strategy being superior for P acquisition in such environments, these species coexist with a wide range of mycorrhizal species, raising questions about the mechanisms contributing to their coexistence. Scope: We surmise that the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal strategies is primarily accounted for by a combination of belowground mechanisms, namely (i) facilitation of P acquisition by mycorrhizal plants from neighbouring cluster-rooted plants, and (ii) interactions between roots, pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi, which enhance the plants’ defence against pathogens. Facilitation of nutrient acquisition by cluster-rooted plants involves carboxylate exudation, making more P available for both themselves and their mycorrhizal neighbours. Belowground nutrient exchanges between carboxylate-exuding plants and mycorrhizal N2-fixing plants appear likely, but require further experimental testing to determine their nutritional and ecological relevance. Anatomical studies of roots of cluster-rooted Proteaceae species show that they do not form a complete suberised exodermis. Conclusions: The absence of an exodermis may well be important to rapidly release carboxylates, but likely lowers root structural defences against pathogens, particularly oomycetes. Conversely, roots of mycorrhizal plants may not be as effective at acquiring P when P availability is very low, but they are better defended against pathogens, and this superior defence likely involves mycorrhizal fungi. Taken together, we are beginning to understand how an exceptionally large number of plant species and P-acquisition strategies coexist on the most severely P-impoverished soils.
Fil: Lambers, Hans. University of Western Australia; Australia
Fil: Albornoz, Felipe. State University of Oregon; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kotula, Lukasz. University of Western Australia; Australia
Fil: Léveillé Bourret, Étienne. University of Western Australia; Australia. University of Montreal; Canadá
Fil: Ranathunge, Kosala. University of Western Australia; Australia
Fil: Teste, Francois. University of Western Australia; Australia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis ; Argentina
Fil: Zemunik, Graham. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Panamá
description Background: Mycorrhizal strategies are very effective in enhancing plant acquisition of poorly-mobile nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P) from infertile soil. However, on very old and severely P-impoverished soils, a carboxylate-releasing and P-mobilising cluster-root strategy is more effective at acquiring this growth-limiting resource. Carboxylates are released during a period of only a few days from ephemeral cluster roots. Despite the cluster-root strategy being superior for P acquisition in such environments, these species coexist with a wide range of mycorrhizal species, raising questions about the mechanisms contributing to their coexistence. Scope: We surmise that the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal strategies is primarily accounted for by a combination of belowground mechanisms, namely (i) facilitation of P acquisition by mycorrhizal plants from neighbouring cluster-rooted plants, and (ii) interactions between roots, pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi, which enhance the plants’ defence against pathogens. Facilitation of nutrient acquisition by cluster-rooted plants involves carboxylate exudation, making more P available for both themselves and their mycorrhizal neighbours. Belowground nutrient exchanges between carboxylate-exuding plants and mycorrhizal N2-fixing plants appear likely, but require further experimental testing to determine their nutritional and ecological relevance. Anatomical studies of roots of cluster-rooted Proteaceae species show that they do not form a complete suberised exodermis. Conclusions: The absence of an exodermis may well be important to rapidly release carboxylates, but likely lowers root structural defences against pathogens, particularly oomycetes. Conversely, roots of mycorrhizal plants may not be as effective at acquiring P when P availability is very low, but they are better defended against pathogens, and this superior defence likely involves mycorrhizal fungi. Taken together, we are beginning to understand how an exceptionally large number of plant species and P-acquisition strategies coexist on the most severely P-impoverished soils.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-03
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/65182
Lambers, Hans; Albornoz, Felipe; Kotula, Lukasz; Léveillé Bourret, Étienne; Ranathunge, Kosala; et al.; How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems; Springer; Plant and Soil; 424; 1-2; 3-2018; 11-33
0032-079X
1573-5036
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/65182
identifier_str_mv Lambers, Hans; Albornoz, Felipe; Kotula, Lukasz; Léveillé Bourret, Étienne; Ranathunge, Kosala; et al.; How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems; Springer; Plant and Soil; 424; 1-2; 3-2018; 11-33
0032-079X
1573-5036
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s11104-017-3427-2
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-017-3427-2
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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