Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings

Autores
Orio, Marina; Behar, E.; Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel; Drake, J. J.; Gallagher, J.; Nichols, J. S.; Ness, J. U.; Dobrotka, A.; Mikolajewska, J.; Della Valle, M.; Ignace, R.; Rahin, R.
Año de publicación
2022
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
The 2021 outburst of the symbiotic recurrent nova RS Oph was observed with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Gratings (HETG) on day 18 after optical maximum and with XMM-Newton and its Reflection Grating Spectrographs (RGS) on day 21, before the supersoft X-ray source emerged and when the emission was due to shocked ejecta. The absorbed flux in the HETG 1.3-31 Å range was 2.6 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1, three orders of magnitude lower than the γ-ray flux measured on the same date. The spectra are well fitted with two components of thermal plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium, one at a temperature ≃ 0.75 keV and the other at a temperature in the 2.5-3.4 keV range. With the RGS we measured an average flux of 1.53 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 5-35 Å range, but the flux in the continuum and especially in the lines in the 23-35 Å range decreased during the 50 ks RGS exposure by almost 10%, indicating short-term variability on a timescale of hours. The RGS spectrum can be fitted with three thermal components, respectively at plasma temperatures between 70 and 150 eV, 0.64 keV, and 2.4 keV. The post-maximum epochs of the exposures fall between those of two grating spectra observed in the 2006 eruption on days 14 and 26: they are consistent with a similar spectral evolution, but in 2021 cooling seems to have been more rapid. Iron is depleted in the ejecta with respect to solar values, while nitrogen is enhanced.
Fil: Orio, Marina. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Italia
Fil: Behar, E.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Israel
Fil: Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Drake, J. J.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Gallagher, J.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Nichols, J. S.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ness, J. U.. Agencia Espacial Europea. XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre; España
Fil: Dobrotka, A.. Slovak University Of Technology In Bratislava; Eslovaquia
Fil: Mikolajewska, J.. Polish Academy of Sciences; Argentina
Fil: Della Valle, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Italia
Fil: Ignace, R.. University of Tennessee; Estados Unidos
Fil: Rahin, R.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Israel
Materia
Classical Novae
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/217928
Acceder
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spelling Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray GratingsOrio, MarinaBehar, E.Luna, Gerardo Juan ManuelDrake, J. J.Gallagher, J.Nichols, J. S.Ness, J. U.Dobrotka, A.Mikolajewska, J.Della Valle, M.Ignace, R.Rahin, R.Classical Novaehttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1The 2021 outburst of the symbiotic recurrent nova RS Oph was observed with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Gratings (HETG) on day 18 after optical maximum and with XMM-Newton and its Reflection Grating Spectrographs (RGS) on day 21, before the supersoft X-ray source emerged and when the emission was due to shocked ejecta. The absorbed flux in the HETG 1.3-31 Å range was 2.6 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1, three orders of magnitude lower than the γ-ray flux measured on the same date. The spectra are well fitted with two components of thermal plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium, one at a temperature ≃ 0.75 keV and the other at a temperature in the 2.5-3.4 keV range. With the RGS we measured an average flux of 1.53 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 5-35 Å range, but the flux in the continuum and especially in the lines in the 23-35 Å range decreased during the 50 ks RGS exposure by almost 10%, indicating short-term variability on a timescale of hours. The RGS spectrum can be fitted with three thermal components, respectively at plasma temperatures between 70 and 150 eV, 0.64 keV, and 2.4 keV. The post-maximum epochs of the exposures fall between those of two grating spectra observed in the 2006 eruption on days 14 and 26: they are consistent with a similar spectral evolution, but in 2021 cooling seems to have been more rapid. Iron is depleted in the ejecta with respect to solar values, while nitrogen is enhanced.Fil: Orio, Marina. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; ItaliaFil: Behar, E.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; IsraelFil: Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Drake, J. J.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Gallagher, J.. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Nichols, J. S.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados UnidosFil: Ness, J. U.. Agencia Espacial Europea. XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre; EspañaFil: Dobrotka, A.. Slovak University Of Technology In Bratislava; EslovaquiaFil: Mikolajewska, J.. Polish Academy of Sciences; ArgentinaFil: Della Valle, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; ItaliaFil: Ignace, R.. University of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Rahin, R.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; IsraelIOP Publishing2022-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/217928Orio, Marina; Behar, E.; Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel; Drake, J. J.; Gallagher, J.; et al.; Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal; 938; 1; 10-2022; 34-480004-637XCONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f46info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f46info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-15T15:30:53Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/217928instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-15 15:30:53.757CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
title Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
spellingShingle Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
Orio, Marina
Classical Novae
title_short Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
title_full Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
title_fullStr Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
title_full_unstemmed Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
title_sort Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Orio, Marina
Behar, E.
Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel
Drake, J. J.
Gallagher, J.
Nichols, J. S.
Ness, J. U.
Dobrotka, A.
Mikolajewska, J.
Della Valle, M.
Ignace, R.
Rahin, R.
author Orio, Marina
author_facet Orio, Marina
Behar, E.
Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel
Drake, J. J.
Gallagher, J.
Nichols, J. S.
Ness, J. U.
Dobrotka, A.
Mikolajewska, J.
Della Valle, M.
Ignace, R.
Rahin, R.
author_role author
author2 Behar, E.
Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel
Drake, J. J.
Gallagher, J.
Nichols, J. S.
Ness, J. U.
Dobrotka, A.
Mikolajewska, J.
Della Valle, M.
Ignace, R.
Rahin, R.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Classical Novae
topic Classical Novae
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv The 2021 outburst of the symbiotic recurrent nova RS Oph was observed with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Gratings (HETG) on day 18 after optical maximum and with XMM-Newton and its Reflection Grating Spectrographs (RGS) on day 21, before the supersoft X-ray source emerged and when the emission was due to shocked ejecta. The absorbed flux in the HETG 1.3-31 Å range was 2.6 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1, three orders of magnitude lower than the γ-ray flux measured on the same date. The spectra are well fitted with two components of thermal plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium, one at a temperature ≃ 0.75 keV and the other at a temperature in the 2.5-3.4 keV range. With the RGS we measured an average flux of 1.53 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 5-35 Å range, but the flux in the continuum and especially in the lines in the 23-35 Å range decreased during the 50 ks RGS exposure by almost 10%, indicating short-term variability on a timescale of hours. The RGS spectrum can be fitted with three thermal components, respectively at plasma temperatures between 70 and 150 eV, 0.64 keV, and 2.4 keV. The post-maximum epochs of the exposures fall between those of two grating spectra observed in the 2006 eruption on days 14 and 26: they are consistent with a similar spectral evolution, but in 2021 cooling seems to have been more rapid. Iron is depleted in the ejecta with respect to solar values, while nitrogen is enhanced.
Fil: Orio, Marina. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Italia
Fil: Behar, E.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Israel
Fil: Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina
Fil: Drake, J. J.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Gallagher, J.. University of Wisconsin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Nichols, J. S.. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ness, J. U.. Agencia Espacial Europea. XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre; España
Fil: Dobrotka, A.. Slovak University Of Technology In Bratislava; Eslovaquia
Fil: Mikolajewska, J.. Polish Academy of Sciences; Argentina
Fil: Della Valle, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Italia
Fil: Ignace, R.. University of Tennessee; Estados Unidos
Fil: Rahin, R.. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Israel
description The 2021 outburst of the symbiotic recurrent nova RS Oph was observed with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Gratings (HETG) on day 18 after optical maximum and with XMM-Newton and its Reflection Grating Spectrographs (RGS) on day 21, before the supersoft X-ray source emerged and when the emission was due to shocked ejecta. The absorbed flux in the HETG 1.3-31 Å range was 2.6 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1, three orders of magnitude lower than the γ-ray flux measured on the same date. The spectra are well fitted with two components of thermal plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium, one at a temperature ≃ 0.75 keV and the other at a temperature in the 2.5-3.4 keV range. With the RGS we measured an average flux of 1.53 × 10-10 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 5-35 Å range, but the flux in the continuum and especially in the lines in the 23-35 Å range decreased during the 50 ks RGS exposure by almost 10%, indicating short-term variability on a timescale of hours. The RGS spectrum can be fitted with three thermal components, respectively at plasma temperatures between 70 and 150 eV, 0.64 keV, and 2.4 keV. The post-maximum epochs of the exposures fall between those of two grating spectra observed in the 2006 eruption on days 14 and 26: they are consistent with a similar spectral evolution, but in 2021 cooling seems to have been more rapid. Iron is depleted in the ejecta with respect to solar values, while nitrogen is enhanced.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-10
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/217928
Orio, Marina; Behar, E.; Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel; Drake, J. J.; Gallagher, J.; et al.; Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal; 938; 1; 10-2022; 34-48
0004-637X
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/217928
identifier_str_mv Orio, Marina; Behar, E.; Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel; Drake, J. J.; Gallagher, J.; et al.; Shocks in the Outflow of the RS Oph 2021 Eruption Observed with X-Ray Gratings; IOP Publishing; Astrophysical Journal; 938; 1; 10-2022; 34-48
0004-637X
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f46
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f46
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv IOP Publishing
publisher.none.fl_str_mv IOP Publishing
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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