Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?

Autores
Fernández, Julio A.; Gallardo, Tabaré; Brunini, Adrian
Año de publicación
2002
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
We analyze the dynamical evolution of Jupiter-family (JF) comets and near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) with aphelion distances Q > 3.5 AU, paying special attention to the problem of mixing of both populations, such that inactive comets may be disguised as NEAs. From numerical integrations for 2 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime (where the lifetime is defined against hyperbolic ejection or collision with the Sun or the planets) of near-Earth JF comets (perihelion distances q < 1.3 AU) is about 1.5 × 105 years but that they spend only a small fraction of this time (∼ a few 103 years) with q < 1.3 AU. From numerical integrations for 5 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime of NEAs in "cometary" orbits (defined as those with aphelion distances Q > 4.5 AU, i.e., that approach or cross Jupiter's orbit) is 4.2 × 105 years, i.e., about three times longer than that for near-Earth JF comets. We also analyze the problem of decoupling JF comets from Jupiter to produce Encke-type comets. To this end we simulate the dynamical evolution of the sample of observed JF comets with the inclusion of nongravitational forces. While decoupling occurs very seldom when a purely gravitational motion is considered, the action of nongravitational forces (as strong as or greater than those acting on Encke) can produce a few Enckes. Furthermore, a few JF comets are transferred to low-eccentricity orbits entirely within the main asteroid belt (Q < 4 AU and q > 2 AU). The population of NEAs in cometary orbits is found to be adequately replenished with NEAs of smaller Q's diffusing outward, from which we can set an upper limit of ∼20% for the putative component of deactivated JF comets needed to maintain such a population in steady state. From this analysis, the upper limit for the average time that a JF comet in near-Earth orbit can spend as a dormant, asteroid-looking body can be estimated to be about 40% of the time spent as an active comet. More likely, JF comets in near-Earth orbits will disintegrate once (or shortly after) they end their active phases.
Fil: Fernández, Julio A.. Universidad de la República; Uruguay
Fil: Gallardo, Tabaré. Universidad de la República; Uruguay
Fil: Brunini, Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Materia
Asteroids
Comets
Dynamics
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/82477

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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/82477
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?Fernández, Julio A.Gallardo, TabaréBrunini, AdrianAsteroidsCometsDynamicshttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1We analyze the dynamical evolution of Jupiter-family (JF) comets and near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) with aphelion distances Q > 3.5 AU, paying special attention to the problem of mixing of both populations, such that inactive comets may be disguised as NEAs. From numerical integrations for 2 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime (where the lifetime is defined against hyperbolic ejection or collision with the Sun or the planets) of near-Earth JF comets (perihelion distances q < 1.3 AU) is about 1.5 × 105 years but that they spend only a small fraction of this time (∼ a few 103 years) with q < 1.3 AU. From numerical integrations for 5 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime of NEAs in "cometary" orbits (defined as those with aphelion distances Q > 4.5 AU, i.e., that approach or cross Jupiter's orbit) is 4.2 × 105 years, i.e., about three times longer than that for near-Earth JF comets. We also analyze the problem of decoupling JF comets from Jupiter to produce Encke-type comets. To this end we simulate the dynamical evolution of the sample of observed JF comets with the inclusion of nongravitational forces. While decoupling occurs very seldom when a purely gravitational motion is considered, the action of nongravitational forces (as strong as or greater than those acting on Encke) can produce a few Enckes. Furthermore, a few JF comets are transferred to low-eccentricity orbits entirely within the main asteroid belt (Q < 4 AU and q > 2 AU). The population of NEAs in cometary orbits is found to be adequately replenished with NEAs of smaller Q's diffusing outward, from which we can set an upper limit of ∼20% for the putative component of deactivated JF comets needed to maintain such a population in steady state. From this analysis, the upper limit for the average time that a JF comet in near-Earth orbit can spend as a dormant, asteroid-looking body can be estimated to be about 40% of the time spent as an active comet. More likely, JF comets in near-Earth orbits will disintegrate once (or shortly after) they end their active phases.Fil: Fernández, Julio A.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Gallardo, Tabaré. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Brunini, Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaAcademic Press Inc Elsevier Science2002-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/82477Fernández, Julio A. ; Gallardo, Tabaré; Brunini, Adrian; Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?; Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science; Icarus; 159; 2; 10-2002; 358-3680019-1035CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1006/icar.2002.6903info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103502969034info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:38:15Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/82477instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:38:15.592CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
title Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
spellingShingle Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
Fernández, Julio A.
Asteroids
Comets
Dynamics
title_short Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
title_full Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
title_fullStr Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
title_full_unstemmed Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
title_sort Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Fernández, Julio A.
Gallardo, Tabaré
Brunini, Adrian
author Fernández, Julio A.
author_facet Fernández, Julio A.
Gallardo, Tabaré
Brunini, Adrian
author_role author
author2 Gallardo, Tabaré
Brunini, Adrian
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Asteroids
Comets
Dynamics
topic Asteroids
Comets
Dynamics
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv We analyze the dynamical evolution of Jupiter-family (JF) comets and near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) with aphelion distances Q > 3.5 AU, paying special attention to the problem of mixing of both populations, such that inactive comets may be disguised as NEAs. From numerical integrations for 2 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime (where the lifetime is defined against hyperbolic ejection or collision with the Sun or the planets) of near-Earth JF comets (perihelion distances q < 1.3 AU) is about 1.5 × 105 years but that they spend only a small fraction of this time (∼ a few 103 years) with q < 1.3 AU. From numerical integrations for 5 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime of NEAs in "cometary" orbits (defined as those with aphelion distances Q > 4.5 AU, i.e., that approach or cross Jupiter's orbit) is 4.2 × 105 years, i.e., about three times longer than that for near-Earth JF comets. We also analyze the problem of decoupling JF comets from Jupiter to produce Encke-type comets. To this end we simulate the dynamical evolution of the sample of observed JF comets with the inclusion of nongravitational forces. While decoupling occurs very seldom when a purely gravitational motion is considered, the action of nongravitational forces (as strong as or greater than those acting on Encke) can produce a few Enckes. Furthermore, a few JF comets are transferred to low-eccentricity orbits entirely within the main asteroid belt (Q < 4 AU and q > 2 AU). The population of NEAs in cometary orbits is found to be adequately replenished with NEAs of smaller Q's diffusing outward, from which we can set an upper limit of ∼20% for the putative component of deactivated JF comets needed to maintain such a population in steady state. From this analysis, the upper limit for the average time that a JF comet in near-Earth orbit can spend as a dormant, asteroid-looking body can be estimated to be about 40% of the time spent as an active comet. More likely, JF comets in near-Earth orbits will disintegrate once (or shortly after) they end their active phases.
Fil: Fernández, Julio A.. Universidad de la República; Uruguay
Fil: Gallardo, Tabaré. Universidad de la República; Uruguay
Fil: Brunini, Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
description We analyze the dynamical evolution of Jupiter-family (JF) comets and near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) with aphelion distances Q > 3.5 AU, paying special attention to the problem of mixing of both populations, such that inactive comets may be disguised as NEAs. From numerical integrations for 2 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime (where the lifetime is defined against hyperbolic ejection or collision with the Sun or the planets) of near-Earth JF comets (perihelion distances q < 1.3 AU) is about 1.5 × 105 years but that they spend only a small fraction of this time (∼ a few 103 years) with q < 1.3 AU. From numerical integrations for 5 × 106 years we find that the half lifetime of NEAs in "cometary" orbits (defined as those with aphelion distances Q > 4.5 AU, i.e., that approach or cross Jupiter's orbit) is 4.2 × 105 years, i.e., about three times longer than that for near-Earth JF comets. We also analyze the problem of decoupling JF comets from Jupiter to produce Encke-type comets. To this end we simulate the dynamical evolution of the sample of observed JF comets with the inclusion of nongravitational forces. While decoupling occurs very seldom when a purely gravitational motion is considered, the action of nongravitational forces (as strong as or greater than those acting on Encke) can produce a few Enckes. Furthermore, a few JF comets are transferred to low-eccentricity orbits entirely within the main asteroid belt (Q < 4 AU and q > 2 AU). The population of NEAs in cometary orbits is found to be adequately replenished with NEAs of smaller Q's diffusing outward, from which we can set an upper limit of ∼20% for the putative component of deactivated JF comets needed to maintain such a population in steady state. From this analysis, the upper limit for the average time that a JF comet in near-Earth orbit can spend as a dormant, asteroid-looking body can be estimated to be about 40% of the time spent as an active comet. More likely, JF comets in near-Earth orbits will disintegrate once (or shortly after) they end their active phases.
publishDate 2002
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2002-10
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/82477
Fernández, Julio A. ; Gallardo, Tabaré; Brunini, Adrian; Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?; Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science; Icarus; 159; 2; 10-2002; 358-368
0019-1035
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/82477
identifier_str_mv Fernández, Julio A. ; Gallardo, Tabaré; Brunini, Adrian; Are there many inactive Jupiter-family comets among the near-earth asteroid population?; Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science; Icarus; 159; 2; 10-2002; 358-368
0019-1035
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1006/icar.2002.6903
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103502969034
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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