Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms

Autores
Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.
Año de publicación
2023
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.
Fil: Mari, María Belén. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Akras, Stavros. National Observatory of Athens; Grecia
Fil: Gonçalves, Denise R.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil
Materia
ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS
ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223226

id CONICETDig_388ddedca6d0c1996b70c25181099f9b
oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223226
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanismsMari, María BelénAkras, StavrosGonçalves, Denise R.ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWSISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICSPLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERALhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.Fil: Mari, María Belén. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Akras, Stavros. National Observatory of Athens; GreciaFil: Gonçalves, Denise R.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilWiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc2023-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/223226Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.; Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 525; 2; 10-2023; 1998-20140035-8711CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/stad2256info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/525/2/1998/7231839info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04577info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:08:33Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223226instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:08:33.842CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
title Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
spellingShingle Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
Mari, María Belén
ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS
ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL
title_short Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
title_full Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
title_fullStr Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
title_sort Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Mari, María Belén
Akras, Stavros
Gonçalves, Denise R.
author Mari, María Belén
author_facet Mari, María Belén
Akras, Stavros
Gonçalves, Denise R.
author_role author
author2 Akras, Stavros
Gonçalves, Denise R.
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS
ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL
topic ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS
ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.
Fil: Mari, María Belén. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Akras, Stavros. National Observatory of Athens; Grecia
Fil: Gonçalves, Denise R.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil
description Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-10
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/223226
Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.; Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 525; 2; 10-2023; 1998-2014
0035-8711
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/223226
identifier_str_mv Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.; Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 525; 2; 10-2023; 1998-2014
0035-8711
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/stad2256
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/525/2/1998/7231839
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04577
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
_version_ 1844613954186248192
score 13.070432