Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms
- Autores
- Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.
- Año de publicación
- 2023
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.
Fil: Mari, María Belén. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina
Fil: Akras, Stavros. National Observatory of Athens; Grecia
Fil: Gonçalves, Denise R.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil - Materia
-
ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS
ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223226
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Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanismsMari, María BelénAkras, StavrosGonçalves, Denise R.ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWSISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICSPLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERALhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe.Fil: Mari, María Belén. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Akras, Stavros. National Observatory of Athens; GreciaFil: Gonçalves, Denise R.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilWiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc2023-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/223226Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.; Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 525; 2; 10-2023; 1998-20140035-8711CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/stad2256info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/525/2/1998/7231839info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04577info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:08:33Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/223226instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:08:33.842CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
title |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
spellingShingle |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms Mari, María Belén ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL |
title_short |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
title_full |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
title_fullStr |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
title_sort |
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Mari, María Belén Akras, Stavros Gonçalves, Denise R. |
author |
Mari, María Belén |
author_facet |
Mari, María Belén Akras, Stavros Gonçalves, Denise R. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Akras, Stavros Gonçalves, Denise R. |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL |
topic |
ISM: JETS AND OUTFLOWS ISM: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe. Fil: Mari, María Belén. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Akras, Stavros. National Observatory of Athens; Grecia Fil: Gonçalves, Denise R.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil |
description |
Nearly 30 yr after the first detailed studies of low-ionization structures (LISs) in planetary nebulae (PNe), we perform a statistical analysis of their physical, chemical, and excitation properties, by collecting published data in the literature. The analysis was made through the contrast between LISs and high-ionization structures - rims or shells - for a large sample of PNe, in order to highlight significant differences between these structures. Our motivation was to find robust results based on the largest sample of LISs gathered so far. (i) Indeed, LISs have lower electron densities (Ne[S ii]) than the rims/shells. (ii) The nitrogen electron temperatures (Te[N ii]) are similar between the two groups, while a bimodal distribution is observed for the Te based on [O iii] of the rims/shells, although the high- and low-ionization structures have Te[O iii] of similar median values. (iii) No significant variations are observed in total abundances of He, N, O, Ne, Ar, Cl, and S between the two groups. (iv) Through the analysis of several diagnostic diagrams, LISs are separated from rims/shells in terms of excitation. From two large grids of photoionization and shock models, we show that there is an important overlap between both mechanisms, particularly when low-ionization line ratios are concerned. We found a good tracer of high-velocity shocks, as well as an indicator of high- and low-velocity shocks that depends on temperature-sensitive line ratios. In conclusion, both excitation mechanisms could be present; however, shocks cannot be the main source of excitation for most of the LISs of PNe. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/223226 Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.; Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 525; 2; 10-2023; 1998-2014 0035-8711 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/223226 |
identifier_str_mv |
Mari, María Belén; Akras, Stavros; Gonçalves, Denise R.; Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - III: The statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and excitation mechanisms; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 525; 2; 10-2023; 1998-2014 0035-8711 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/stad2256 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/525/2/1998/7231839 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04577 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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1844613954186248192 |
score |
13.070432 |