Grassroots innovations in ‘extreme’ urban environments. The inclusive recycling movement

• Autores: Zapata Campos, María José; Carenzo, Sebastian; Charles, Goodluck; Gutberlet, Jutta; Kain, Jaan Henrik; Oloko, Michael O.; Perez Reynosa, Jessica; Zapata, Patrik
• Año de publicación: 2022
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: WASTE PICKERS ORGANISATIONS; GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS; WASTE MANAGEMENT
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Waste pickers all over the world work innovatively to reduce the environmental footprint of cities as they struggle to meet their critical livelihood obligations. Informed by the case of waste picker organizations (WPOs) this article examines how grassroots initiatives and extreme-niche innovations are created and sustained by mobilizing resources, rationales and relations. The study is informed by a cross-national survey and in-depth interviews with WPOs in Argentina, Brazil, Nicaragua, Kenya and Tanzania, and builds upon theories of grassroots innovation movements. The findings show how operating in contexts of extreme scarcity, these grassroots organisations tap into local resources, e.g. tacit knowledge, economies of affection and other socially embedded institutional resources. Blending material and environmental rationales, contributes to expanding their audiences and to gaining further support. In such deprived urban contexts, radical and cumulative crises and events hindering residents’ livelihoods can paradoxically also spark ingenuity out of necessity, and the transformation of these settings into extreme niches of innovation. Finally, the mobilization of relations through the formation of networks linking WPOs with supportive intermediaries and global circuits of solidarity becomes another fundamental resilience strategy by which WPOs can navigate contested environments and insert their extreme-niche innovations in governmental structures. By simultaneously adopting a broad repertoire of strategies of insertion, contention, and mobilization WPO and their innovations thrive in highly constrained environments. We conclude with reflecting on how ‘extreme’ niches of innovation at the cracks of the formal city, economy and waste systems can unleash the creative power of stigmatized, illiterate and neglected grassroots to experiment with new solutions in resource-poor environments.
Fil: Zapata Campos, María José. University of Gothenburg; Suecia
Fil: Carenzo, Sebastian. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Estudios Sociales de la Ciencia y la Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Charles, Goodluck. University of Dar es Salaam; Tanzania
Fil: Gutberlet, Jutta. University of Victoria; Canadá
Fil: Kain, Jaan Henrik. Chalmers University of Technology; Suecia
Fil: Oloko, Michael O.. Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University Of Science And Techno; Kenia
Fil: Perez Reynosa, Jessica. University of Central America; Nicaragua
Fil: Zapata, Patrik. Gothemburg Universitet; Suecia