Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypothese...
- Autores
- Poblet, Facundo Leandro; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Lam, Hing Lan
- Año de publicación
- 2020
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Pc5 ULF (ultra-low frequency) waves can energize electrons to relativistic energies of > 2 MeV in geostationary orbits. Enhanced fluxes of such electrons can induce operational anomalies in geostationary satellites. The variations of the two quantities in timescales ranging from days to solar cycles are thus of interest in gauging their space weather effects over different time frames. In this study, we present a statistical analysis of two 11-year solar cycles (cycles 22 and 23) of data comprising the daily relativistic electron fluence observed by Geostationary Environment Satellites (GOESs) and daily Pc5 ULF wave power derived from auroral zone magnetic observatories in Canada. First, an autocorrelation analysis is carried out, which indicates a 27 d periodicity in both parameters for all solar phases, and such a periodicity is most pronounced in the declining and late declining phase. Also, a 9 and 13 d periodicity are seen in some years. Then, a superposed epoch analysis is performed to scrutinize semiannual variation (SAV), which shows that fluence near the equinoxes is 1 order of magnitude higher than near solstices, and Pc5 ULF wave power is 0.5 orders of magnitude higher near the equinoxes than near the solstices. We then evaluate three possible SAV mechanisms (which are based on the axial, equinoctial, and Russell and McPherron effect) to determine which one can best explain the observations. Correlation of the profiles of the observational curves with those of the angles that control each of the SAV mechanisms suggests that the equinoctial mechanism may be responsible for the SAV of electron fluence, while both the equinoctial and the Russell and McPherron mechanisms are important for the SAV of Pc5 ULF wave power. Comparable results are obtained when using functional dependencies of the main angles instead of the angles mentioned above. Lastly, superposed curves of fluence and Pc5 ULF wave power were used to calculate least-square fits with a fixed semiannual period. Comparison of the maxima and minima of the fits with those predicted by the three mechanisms shows that the equinoctial effect better estimates the maxima and minima of the SAV in fluence while for the SAV in Pc5 ULF wave power the equinoctial and Russell and McPherron mechanisms predict one maximum and one minimum each.
Fil: Poblet, Facundo Leandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Lam, Hing Lan. Natural Resources Canada; Canadá - Materia
-
Semiannual Variation
Relativistic Electrons
Pc5 ULF waves
GOES fluence - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/173603
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Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypothesesPoblet, Facundo LeandroAzpilicueta, Francisco JavierLam, Hing LanSemiannual VariationRelativistic ElectronsPc5 ULF wavesGOES fluencehttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Pc5 ULF (ultra-low frequency) waves can energize electrons to relativistic energies of > 2 MeV in geostationary orbits. Enhanced fluxes of such electrons can induce operational anomalies in geostationary satellites. The variations of the two quantities in timescales ranging from days to solar cycles are thus of interest in gauging their space weather effects over different time frames. In this study, we present a statistical analysis of two 11-year solar cycles (cycles 22 and 23) of data comprising the daily relativistic electron fluence observed by Geostationary Environment Satellites (GOESs) and daily Pc5 ULF wave power derived from auroral zone magnetic observatories in Canada. First, an autocorrelation analysis is carried out, which indicates a 27 d periodicity in both parameters for all solar phases, and such a periodicity is most pronounced in the declining and late declining phase. Also, a 9 and 13 d periodicity are seen in some years. Then, a superposed epoch analysis is performed to scrutinize semiannual variation (SAV), which shows that fluence near the equinoxes is 1 order of magnitude higher than near solstices, and Pc5 ULF wave power is 0.5 orders of magnitude higher near the equinoxes than near the solstices. We then evaluate three possible SAV mechanisms (which are based on the axial, equinoctial, and Russell and McPherron effect) to determine which one can best explain the observations. Correlation of the profiles of the observational curves with those of the angles that control each of the SAV mechanisms suggests that the equinoctial mechanism may be responsible for the SAV of electron fluence, while both the equinoctial and the Russell and McPherron mechanisms are important for the SAV of Pc5 ULF wave power. Comparable results are obtained when using functional dependencies of the main angles instead of the angles mentioned above. Lastly, superposed curves of fluence and Pc5 ULF wave power were used to calculate least-square fits with a fixed semiannual period. Comparison of the maxima and minima of the fits with those predicted by the three mechanisms shows that the equinoctial effect better estimates the maxima and minima of the SAV in fluence while for the SAV in Pc5 ULF wave power the equinoctial and Russell and McPherron mechanisms predict one maximum and one minimum each.Fil: Poblet, Facundo Leandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Lam, Hing Lan. Natural Resources Canada; CanadáCopernicus Publications2020-09info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/173603Poblet, Facundo Leandro; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Lam, Hing Lan; Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses; Copernicus Publications; Annales Geophysicae; 38; 5; 9-2020; 953-9680992-76891432-0576CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/angeo-38-953-2020info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/38/953/2020/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T10:11:19Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/173603instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 10:11:19.654CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
title |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
spellingShingle |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses Poblet, Facundo Leandro Semiannual Variation Relativistic Electrons Pc5 ULF waves GOES fluence |
title_short |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
title_full |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
title_fullStr |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
title_sort |
Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Poblet, Facundo Leandro Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier Lam, Hing Lan |
author |
Poblet, Facundo Leandro |
author_facet |
Poblet, Facundo Leandro Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier Lam, Hing Lan |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier Lam, Hing Lan |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Semiannual Variation Relativistic Electrons Pc5 ULF waves GOES fluence |
topic |
Semiannual Variation Relativistic Electrons Pc5 ULF waves GOES fluence |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Pc5 ULF (ultra-low frequency) waves can energize electrons to relativistic energies of > 2 MeV in geostationary orbits. Enhanced fluxes of such electrons can induce operational anomalies in geostationary satellites. The variations of the two quantities in timescales ranging from days to solar cycles are thus of interest in gauging their space weather effects over different time frames. In this study, we present a statistical analysis of two 11-year solar cycles (cycles 22 and 23) of data comprising the daily relativistic electron fluence observed by Geostationary Environment Satellites (GOESs) and daily Pc5 ULF wave power derived from auroral zone magnetic observatories in Canada. First, an autocorrelation analysis is carried out, which indicates a 27 d periodicity in both parameters for all solar phases, and such a periodicity is most pronounced in the declining and late declining phase. Also, a 9 and 13 d periodicity are seen in some years. Then, a superposed epoch analysis is performed to scrutinize semiannual variation (SAV), which shows that fluence near the equinoxes is 1 order of magnitude higher than near solstices, and Pc5 ULF wave power is 0.5 orders of magnitude higher near the equinoxes than near the solstices. We then evaluate three possible SAV mechanisms (which are based on the axial, equinoctial, and Russell and McPherron effect) to determine which one can best explain the observations. Correlation of the profiles of the observational curves with those of the angles that control each of the SAV mechanisms suggests that the equinoctial mechanism may be responsible for the SAV of electron fluence, while both the equinoctial and the Russell and McPherron mechanisms are important for the SAV of Pc5 ULF wave power. Comparable results are obtained when using functional dependencies of the main angles instead of the angles mentioned above. Lastly, superposed curves of fluence and Pc5 ULF wave power were used to calculate least-square fits with a fixed semiannual period. Comparison of the maxima and minima of the fits with those predicted by the three mechanisms shows that the equinoctial effect better estimates the maxima and minima of the SAV in fluence while for the SAV in Pc5 ULF wave power the equinoctial and Russell and McPherron mechanisms predict one maximum and one minimum each. Fil: Poblet, Facundo Leandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Fil: Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Fil: Lam, Hing Lan. Natural Resources Canada; Canadá |
description |
Pc5 ULF (ultra-low frequency) waves can energize electrons to relativistic energies of > 2 MeV in geostationary orbits. Enhanced fluxes of such electrons can induce operational anomalies in geostationary satellites. The variations of the two quantities in timescales ranging from days to solar cycles are thus of interest in gauging their space weather effects over different time frames. In this study, we present a statistical analysis of two 11-year solar cycles (cycles 22 and 23) of data comprising the daily relativistic electron fluence observed by Geostationary Environment Satellites (GOESs) and daily Pc5 ULF wave power derived from auroral zone magnetic observatories in Canada. First, an autocorrelation analysis is carried out, which indicates a 27 d periodicity in both parameters for all solar phases, and such a periodicity is most pronounced in the declining and late declining phase. Also, a 9 and 13 d periodicity are seen in some years. Then, a superposed epoch analysis is performed to scrutinize semiannual variation (SAV), which shows that fluence near the equinoxes is 1 order of magnitude higher than near solstices, and Pc5 ULF wave power is 0.5 orders of magnitude higher near the equinoxes than near the solstices. We then evaluate three possible SAV mechanisms (which are based on the axial, equinoctial, and Russell and McPherron effect) to determine which one can best explain the observations. Correlation of the profiles of the observational curves with those of the angles that control each of the SAV mechanisms suggests that the equinoctial mechanism may be responsible for the SAV of electron fluence, while both the equinoctial and the Russell and McPherron mechanisms are important for the SAV of Pc5 ULF wave power. Comparable results are obtained when using functional dependencies of the main angles instead of the angles mentioned above. Lastly, superposed curves of fluence and Pc5 ULF wave power were used to calculate least-square fits with a fixed semiannual period. Comparison of the maxima and minima of the fits with those predicted by the three mechanisms shows that the equinoctial effect better estimates the maxima and minima of the SAV in fluence while for the SAV in Pc5 ULF wave power the equinoctial and Russell and McPherron mechanisms predict one maximum and one minimum each. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-09 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/173603 Poblet, Facundo Leandro; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Lam, Hing Lan; Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses; Copernicus Publications; Annales Geophysicae; 38; 5; 9-2020; 953-968 0992-7689 1432-0576 CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/173603 |
identifier_str_mv |
Poblet, Facundo Leandro; Azpilicueta, Francisco Javier; Lam, Hing Lan; Semiannual variation of pc5 ultra-low frequency (ulf) waves and relativistic electrons over two solar cycles of observations: Comparison with predictions of the classical hypotheses; Copernicus Publications; Annales Geophysicae; 38; 5; 9-2020; 953-968 0992-7689 1432-0576 CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/angeo-38-953-2020 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/38/953/2020/ |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Copernicus Publications |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Copernicus Publications |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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13.070432 |