Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)

Autores
Medaglia, Salvatore; Bruno, Fabio; Castelli, Ana; Collina, Matteo; Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara; De Rosa, Luca; Frere, Julieta; Fuoco, Fabrizio; Gutiérrez, Guillermo; Lagudi, Antonio; Megna, Francesco; Peluso, Raffaele
Año de publicación
2024
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Bengala, a steamer that sank in 1889 near Capo Rizzuto, Italy, was a relatively new vessel for its time, with an unusually short 18-year service life, given that steamers of the period typically operated for 30 to 40 years. Despite its brief history, SS Bengala played a significant role in the development of Italy’s young merchant navy, undergoing multiple ownership changes and serving various Italian shipping companies. Employed mainly along the route to Southeast Asia, it transported Italian migrants overseas and also participated in troop raids during the Italian military expedition to Eritrea in 1887. Despite its historical significance, no iconographic material has yet been found to depict SS Bengala, and archival research conducted in Italy and England has not uncovered any naval plans, photographs, or drawings of the ship. To overcome this gap, the authors employed new technologies and historical information to create a virtual reconstruction. This research combined archival sources with underwater surveys, including a detailed 3D survey by divers and archaeologists. Archival research, including consultation of official documents, provided critical information on the ship’s dimensions, superstructure, rigging, materials, and construction methods. The 3D modelling of the ship’s external hull, based on precise geometric data from the wreck site, offers a first step towards virtual reconstruction. The modelling is grounded in photogrammetric surveying techniques, ensuring high accuracy in the reconstruction process. The model can be used in augmented reality (AR) applications to enhance underwater exploration, allowing divers to visualise the reconstructed ship in its original environment. Additionally, it supports museum exhibits, interactive visualisations, and educational games, making it a valuable resource for engaging the public with maritime history and archaeology.
Fil: Medaglia, Salvatore. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Bruno, Fabio. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Castelli, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Collina, Matteo. University of Victoria; Canadá
Fil: Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara. Istituto Superiore Per la Conservazione Ed Il Restauro; Italia
Fil: De Rosa, Luca. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Frere, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Fuoco, Fabrizio. No especifíca;
Fil: Gutiérrez, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Lagudi, Antonio. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Megna, Francesco. No especifíca;
Fil: Peluso, Raffaele. No especifíca;
Materia
maritime archeology
shipwreck
steamer
underwater cultural heritage
underwater photogrammetry
3D reconstruction
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/252463
Acceder
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repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)Medaglia, SalvatoreBruno, FabioCastelli, AnaCollina, MatteoDavidde Petriaggi, BarbaraDe Rosa, LucaFrere, JulietaFuoco, FabrizioGutiérrez, GuillermoLagudi, AntonioMegna, FrancescoPeluso, Raffaelemaritime archeologyshipwrecksteamerunderwater cultural heritageunderwater photogrammetry3D reconstructionhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6Bengala, a steamer that sank in 1889 near Capo Rizzuto, Italy, was a relatively new vessel for its time, with an unusually short 18-year service life, given that steamers of the period typically operated for 30 to 40 years. Despite its brief history, SS Bengala played a significant role in the development of Italy’s young merchant navy, undergoing multiple ownership changes and serving various Italian shipping companies. Employed mainly along the route to Southeast Asia, it transported Italian migrants overseas and also participated in troop raids during the Italian military expedition to Eritrea in 1887. Despite its historical significance, no iconographic material has yet been found to depict SS Bengala, and archival research conducted in Italy and England has not uncovered any naval plans, photographs, or drawings of the ship. To overcome this gap, the authors employed new technologies and historical information to create a virtual reconstruction. This research combined archival sources with underwater surveys, including a detailed 3D survey by divers and archaeologists. Archival research, including consultation of official documents, provided critical information on the ship’s dimensions, superstructure, rigging, materials, and construction methods. The 3D modelling of the ship’s external hull, based on precise geometric data from the wreck site, offers a first step towards virtual reconstruction. The modelling is grounded in photogrammetric surveying techniques, ensuring high accuracy in the reconstruction process. The model can be used in augmented reality (AR) applications to enhance underwater exploration, allowing divers to visualise the reconstructed ship in its original environment. Additionally, it supports museum exhibits, interactive visualisations, and educational games, making it a valuable resource for engaging the public with maritime history and archaeology.Fil: Medaglia, Salvatore. Universita Della Calabria.; ItaliaFil: Bruno, Fabio. Universita Della Calabria.; ItaliaFil: Castelli, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Collina, Matteo. University of Victoria; CanadáFil: Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara. Istituto Superiore Per la Conservazione Ed Il Restauro; ItaliaFil: De Rosa, Luca. Universita Della Calabria.; ItaliaFil: Frere, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Fuoco, Fabrizio. No especifíca;Fil: Gutiérrez, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lagudi, Antonio. Universita Della Calabria.; ItaliaFil: Megna, Francesco. No especifíca;Fil: Peluso, Raffaele. No especifíca;MDPI2024-12info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/252463Medaglia, Salvatore ; Bruno, Fabio; Castelli, Ana; Collina, Matteo; Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara; et al.; Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy); MDPI; Heritage; 8; 1; 12-2024; 1-322571-9408CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/8/1/13info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/heritage8010013info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-10-15T14:30:34Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/252463instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-10-15 14:30:34.336CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
title Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
spellingShingle Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
Medaglia, Salvatore
maritime archeology
shipwreck
steamer
underwater cultural heritage
underwater photogrammetry
3D reconstruction
title_short Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
title_full Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
title_fullStr Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
title_full_unstemmed Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
title_sort Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Medaglia, Salvatore
Bruno, Fabio
Castelli, Ana
Collina, Matteo
Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara
De Rosa, Luca
Frere, Julieta
Fuoco, Fabrizio
Gutiérrez, Guillermo
Lagudi, Antonio
Megna, Francesco
Peluso, Raffaele
author Medaglia, Salvatore
author_facet Medaglia, Salvatore
Bruno, Fabio
Castelli, Ana
Collina, Matteo
Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara
De Rosa, Luca
Frere, Julieta
Fuoco, Fabrizio
Gutiérrez, Guillermo
Lagudi, Antonio
Megna, Francesco
Peluso, Raffaele
author_role author
author2 Bruno, Fabio
Castelli, Ana
Collina, Matteo
Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara
De Rosa, Luca
Frere, Julieta
Fuoco, Fabrizio
Gutiérrez, Guillermo
Lagudi, Antonio
Megna, Francesco
Peluso, Raffaele
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv maritime archeology
shipwreck
steamer
underwater cultural heritage
underwater photogrammetry
3D reconstruction
topic maritime archeology
shipwreck
steamer
underwater cultural heritage
underwater photogrammetry
3D reconstruction
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Bengala, a steamer that sank in 1889 near Capo Rizzuto, Italy, was a relatively new vessel for its time, with an unusually short 18-year service life, given that steamers of the period typically operated for 30 to 40 years. Despite its brief history, SS Bengala played a significant role in the development of Italy’s young merchant navy, undergoing multiple ownership changes and serving various Italian shipping companies. Employed mainly along the route to Southeast Asia, it transported Italian migrants overseas and also participated in troop raids during the Italian military expedition to Eritrea in 1887. Despite its historical significance, no iconographic material has yet been found to depict SS Bengala, and archival research conducted in Italy and England has not uncovered any naval plans, photographs, or drawings of the ship. To overcome this gap, the authors employed new technologies and historical information to create a virtual reconstruction. This research combined archival sources with underwater surveys, including a detailed 3D survey by divers and archaeologists. Archival research, including consultation of official documents, provided critical information on the ship’s dimensions, superstructure, rigging, materials, and construction methods. The 3D modelling of the ship’s external hull, based on precise geometric data from the wreck site, offers a first step towards virtual reconstruction. The modelling is grounded in photogrammetric surveying techniques, ensuring high accuracy in the reconstruction process. The model can be used in augmented reality (AR) applications to enhance underwater exploration, allowing divers to visualise the reconstructed ship in its original environment. Additionally, it supports museum exhibits, interactive visualisations, and educational games, making it a valuable resource for engaging the public with maritime history and archaeology.
Fil: Medaglia, Salvatore. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Bruno, Fabio. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Castelli, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Collina, Matteo. University of Victoria; Canadá
Fil: Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara. Istituto Superiore Per la Conservazione Ed Il Restauro; Italia
Fil: De Rosa, Luca. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Frere, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Fuoco, Fabrizio. No especifíca;
Fil: Gutiérrez, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Lagudi, Antonio. Universita Della Calabria.; Italia
Fil: Megna, Francesco. No especifíca;
Fil: Peluso, Raffaele. No especifíca;
description Bengala, a steamer that sank in 1889 near Capo Rizzuto, Italy, was a relatively new vessel for its time, with an unusually short 18-year service life, given that steamers of the period typically operated for 30 to 40 years. Despite its brief history, SS Bengala played a significant role in the development of Italy’s young merchant navy, undergoing multiple ownership changes and serving various Italian shipping companies. Employed mainly along the route to Southeast Asia, it transported Italian migrants overseas and also participated in troop raids during the Italian military expedition to Eritrea in 1887. Despite its historical significance, no iconographic material has yet been found to depict SS Bengala, and archival research conducted in Italy and England has not uncovered any naval plans, photographs, or drawings of the ship. To overcome this gap, the authors employed new technologies and historical information to create a virtual reconstruction. This research combined archival sources with underwater surveys, including a detailed 3D survey by divers and archaeologists. Archival research, including consultation of official documents, provided critical information on the ship’s dimensions, superstructure, rigging, materials, and construction methods. The 3D modelling of the ship’s external hull, based on precise geometric data from the wreck site, offers a first step towards virtual reconstruction. The modelling is grounded in photogrammetric surveying techniques, ensuring high accuracy in the reconstruction process. The model can be used in augmented reality (AR) applications to enhance underwater exploration, allowing divers to visualise the reconstructed ship in its original environment. Additionally, it supports museum exhibits, interactive visualisations, and educational games, making it a valuable resource for engaging the public with maritime history and archaeology.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024-12
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/252463
Medaglia, Salvatore ; Bruno, Fabio; Castelli, Ana; Collina, Matteo; Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara; et al.; Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy); MDPI; Heritage; 8; 1; 12-2024; 1-32
2571-9408
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/252463
identifier_str_mv Medaglia, Salvatore ; Bruno, Fabio; Castelli, Ana; Collina, Matteo; Davidde Petriaggi, Barbara; et al.; Archival Research, Underwater Optical Surveys, and 3D Modelling: Three Stages for Shaping the Wreck of the Steamship Bengala (Isola di Capo Rizzuto, Crotone, Italy); MDPI; Heritage; 8; 1; 12-2024; 1-32
2571-9408
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/8/1/13
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/heritage8010013
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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