New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)

Autores
Perry, Jonathan M. G.; Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián; Bargo, María Susana; Toledo, Néstor; Sanders, Kellyn; Dickinson, Edwin; Morse, Paul E.; Kay, Richard F.
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
We describe a new skull and partial skeleton of Homunculus patagonicus Amegh-ino, 1891a, from the Early-Middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Argentinian Patagonia (Santacrucian South American Land Mammal Age, late Early Miocene). All known Santacrucian material fits within a single genus Homunculus, and most of the material in a single species: H. patagonicus. Full consideration of the cranial and dental specimens collected over the past 20 years (representing several individuals) permits a re-evaluation of the paleobiology of Homunculus species. New body mass estimates averaging 2,164 g are produced based on humeral and femoral long-bone cross sections of the new specimen reported here. The new estimate is considered in the context of previous estimates for Homunculus patagonicus. Evaluation of the new and previously described postcranial material leads us to infer that Homunculus was a generalized arboreal quadruped that used pronograde locomotion with flexed elbow and knee joints, pronated forearms, and occasional leaping through a gap-filled canopy; it likely spent much of its time climbing and clinging to large upright supports. The skull reinforces previous inferences that Homunculus ate relatively resistant foods that incorporated or were covered by grit. Based on the new body mass and endocranial volume estimates, we confirm that Homunculus had a relatively small brain compared with most extant platyrrhines. The olfactory bulb of Homunculus widely overlaps with extant anthropoids in relative size.
Fil: Perry, Jonathan M. G.. Western University Of Health Sciences.; Estados Unidos
Fil: Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Bargo, María Susana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina
Fil: Toledo, Néstor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Sanders, Kellyn. Sanders Medical Media; Estados Unidos
Fil: Dickinson, Edwin. University of Calgary; Canadá
Fil: Morse, Paul E.. University Of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kay, Richard F.. Duke University; Estados Unidos
Materia
PRIMATES
SANTACRUCIAN
SANTA CRUZ FORMATION
PINTURAS FORMATION
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/282324
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/282324
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)Perry, Jonathan M. G.Vizcaíno, Sergio FabiánBargo, María SusanaToledo, NéstorSanders, KellynDickinson, EdwinMorse, Paul E.Kay, Richard F.PRIMATESSANTACRUCIANSANTA CRUZ FORMATIONPINTURAS FORMATIONhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1We describe a new skull and partial skeleton of Homunculus patagonicus Amegh-ino, 1891a, from the Early-Middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Argentinian Patagonia (Santacrucian South American Land Mammal Age, late Early Miocene). All known Santacrucian material fits within a single genus Homunculus, and most of the material in a single species: H. patagonicus. Full consideration of the cranial and dental specimens collected over the past 20 years (representing several individuals) permits a re-evaluation of the paleobiology of Homunculus species. New body mass estimates averaging 2,164 g are produced based on humeral and femoral long-bone cross sections of the new specimen reported here. The new estimate is considered in the context of previous estimates for Homunculus patagonicus. Evaluation of the new and previously described postcranial material leads us to infer that Homunculus was a generalized arboreal quadruped that used pronograde locomotion with flexed elbow and knee joints, pronated forearms, and occasional leaping through a gap-filled canopy; it likely spent much of its time climbing and clinging to large upright supports. The skull reinforces previous inferences that Homunculus ate relatively resistant foods that incorporated or were covered by grit. Based on the new body mass and endocranial volume estimates, we confirm that Homunculus had a relatively small brain compared with most extant platyrrhines. The olfactory bulb of Homunculus widely overlaps with extant anthropoids in relative size.Fil: Perry, Jonathan M. G.. Western University Of Health Sciences.; Estados UnidosFil: Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bargo, María Susana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; ArgentinaFil: Toledo, Néstor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Sanders, Kellyn. Sanders Medical Media; Estados UnidosFil: Dickinson, Edwin. University of Calgary; CanadáFil: Morse, Paul E.. University Of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.; Estados UnidosFil: Kay, Richard F.. Duke University; Estados UnidosCoquina Press2025-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/282324Perry, Jonathan M. G.; Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián; Bargo, María Susana; Toledo, Néstor; Sanders, Kellyn; et al.; New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina); Coquina Press; Palaeontologia Electronica; 5-2025; 1-381935-39521094-8074CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2025/5526-new-skeleton-of-fossil-primate-from-miocene-of-argentinainfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.26879/21info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2026-03-31T15:14:52Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/282324instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982026-03-31 15:14:53.017CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
title New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
spellingShingle New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
Perry, Jonathan M. G.
PRIMATES
SANTACRUCIAN
SANTA CRUZ FORMATION
PINTURAS FORMATION
title_short New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
title_full New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
title_fullStr New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
title_full_unstemmed New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
title_sort New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Perry, Jonathan M. G.
Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián
Bargo, María Susana
Toledo, Néstor
Sanders, Kellyn
Dickinson, Edwin
Morse, Paul E.
Kay, Richard F.
author Perry, Jonathan M. G.
author_facet Perry, Jonathan M. G.
Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián
Bargo, María Susana
Toledo, Néstor
Sanders, Kellyn
Dickinson, Edwin
Morse, Paul E.
Kay, Richard F.
author_role author
author2 Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián
Bargo, María Susana
Toledo, Néstor
Sanders, Kellyn
Dickinson, Edwin
Morse, Paul E.
Kay, Richard F.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv PRIMATES
SANTACRUCIAN
SANTA CRUZ FORMATION
PINTURAS FORMATION
topic PRIMATES
SANTACRUCIAN
SANTA CRUZ FORMATION
PINTURAS FORMATION
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv We describe a new skull and partial skeleton of Homunculus patagonicus Amegh-ino, 1891a, from the Early-Middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Argentinian Patagonia (Santacrucian South American Land Mammal Age, late Early Miocene). All known Santacrucian material fits within a single genus Homunculus, and most of the material in a single species: H. patagonicus. Full consideration of the cranial and dental specimens collected over the past 20 years (representing several individuals) permits a re-evaluation of the paleobiology of Homunculus species. New body mass estimates averaging 2,164 g are produced based on humeral and femoral long-bone cross sections of the new specimen reported here. The new estimate is considered in the context of previous estimates for Homunculus patagonicus. Evaluation of the new and previously described postcranial material leads us to infer that Homunculus was a generalized arboreal quadruped that used pronograde locomotion with flexed elbow and knee joints, pronated forearms, and occasional leaping through a gap-filled canopy; it likely spent much of its time climbing and clinging to large upright supports. The skull reinforces previous inferences that Homunculus ate relatively resistant foods that incorporated or were covered by grit. Based on the new body mass and endocranial volume estimates, we confirm that Homunculus had a relatively small brain compared with most extant platyrrhines. The olfactory bulb of Homunculus widely overlaps with extant anthropoids in relative size.
Fil: Perry, Jonathan M. G.. Western University Of Health Sciences.; Estados Unidos
Fil: Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Bargo, María Susana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina
Fil: Toledo, Néstor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Sanders, Kellyn. Sanders Medical Media; Estados Unidos
Fil: Dickinson, Edwin. University of Calgary; Canadá
Fil: Morse, Paul E.. University Of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kay, Richard F.. Duke University; Estados Unidos
description We describe a new skull and partial skeleton of Homunculus patagonicus Amegh-ino, 1891a, from the Early-Middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Argentinian Patagonia (Santacrucian South American Land Mammal Age, late Early Miocene). All known Santacrucian material fits within a single genus Homunculus, and most of the material in a single species: H. patagonicus. Full consideration of the cranial and dental specimens collected over the past 20 years (representing several individuals) permits a re-evaluation of the paleobiology of Homunculus species. New body mass estimates averaging 2,164 g are produced based on humeral and femoral long-bone cross sections of the new specimen reported here. The new estimate is considered in the context of previous estimates for Homunculus patagonicus. Evaluation of the new and previously described postcranial material leads us to infer that Homunculus was a generalized arboreal quadruped that used pronograde locomotion with flexed elbow and knee joints, pronated forearms, and occasional leaping through a gap-filled canopy; it likely spent much of its time climbing and clinging to large upright supports. The skull reinforces previous inferences that Homunculus ate relatively resistant foods that incorporated or were covered by grit. Based on the new body mass and endocranial volume estimates, we confirm that Homunculus had a relatively small brain compared with most extant platyrrhines. The olfactory bulb of Homunculus widely overlaps with extant anthropoids in relative size.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/282324
Perry, Jonathan M. G.; Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián; Bargo, María Susana; Toledo, Néstor; Sanders, Kellyn; et al.; New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina); Coquina Press; Palaeontologia Electronica; 5-2025; 1-38
1935-3952
1094-8074
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/282324
identifier_str_mv Perry, Jonathan M. G.; Vizcaíno, Sergio Fabián; Bargo, María Susana; Toledo, Néstor; Sanders, Kellyn; et al.; New skeleton and associated skull of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891 (Primates, Platyrrhini), from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina); Coquina Press; Palaeontologia Electronica; 5-2025; 1-38
1935-3952
1094-8074
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2025/5526-new-skeleton-of-fossil-primate-from-miocene-of-argentina
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.26879/21
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Coquina Press
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Coquina Press
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 12.822162

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