Change in dominance determines herbivore effects on plant biodiversity

• Autores: Koerner, Sally E.; Smith, Melinda D.; Burkepile, Deron E.; Hanan, Niall P.; Avolio, Meghan L.; Collins, Scott L.; Knapp, Alan K.; Lemoine, Nathan P.; Forrestel, Elisabeth J.; Eby, Stephanie; Thompson, Dave I.; Aguado-Santacruz, Gerardo A.; Anderson, John P.; Anderson, T. Michael; Angassa, Ayana; Bagchi, Sumanta; Bakker, Elisabeth S.; Bastin, Gary; Baur, Lauren E.; Beard, Karen H.; Beever, Erik A.; Bohlen, Patrick J.; Boughton, Elizabeth H.; Canestro, Don; Cesa, Ariela; Chaneton, Enrique Jose; Cheng, Jimin; D?Antonio, Carla M.; Deleglise, Claire; Dembélé, Fadiala; Dorrough, Josh; Eldridge, David J.; Fernandez Going, Barbara; Fernández Lugo, Silvia; Fraser, Lauchlan H.; Freedman, Bill; García Salgado, Gonzalo; Goheen, Jacob R.; Guo, Liang; Husheer, Sean; Karembé, Moussa; Knops, Johannes M. H.; Kraaij, Tineke; Kulmatiski, Andrew; Kytöviita, Minna Maarit; Lezama, Felipe; Loucougaray, Gregory; Loydi, Alejandro; Milchunas, Dan G.; Milton, Suzanne J.; Morgan, John W.; Moxham, Claire; Nehring, Kyle C.; Olff, Han; Palmer, Todd M.; Rebollo, Salvador; Riginos, Corinna; Risch, Anita C.; Rueda, Marta; Sankaran, Mahesh; Sasaki, Takehiro; Schoenecker, Kathryn A.; Schultz, Nick L.; Schütz, Martin; Schwabe, Angelika; Siebert, Frances; Smit, Christian; Stahlheber, Karen A.; Storm, Christian; Strong, Dustin J.; Su, Jishuai; Tiruvaimozhi, Yadugiri V.; Tyler, Claudia; Val, James; Vandegehuchte, Martijn L.; Veblen, Kari E.; Vermeire, Lance T.; Ward, David; Wu, Jianshuang; Young, Truman P.; Yu, Qiang; Zelikova, Tamara Jane
• Año de publicación: 2018
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: Grazing; Meta-analysis
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Herbivores alter plant biodiversity (species richness) in many of the world’s ecosystems, but the magnitude and the direction of herbivore effects on biodiversity vary widely within and among ecosystems. One current theory predicts that herbivores enhance plant biodiversity at high productivity but have the opposite effect at low productivity. Yet, empirical support for the importance of site productivity as a mediator of these herbivore impacts is equivocal. Here, we synthesize data from 252 large-herbivore exclusion studies, spanning a 20-fold range in site productivity, to test an alternative hypothesis—that herbivore-induced changes in the competitive environment determine the response of plant biodiversity to herbivory irrespective of productivity. Under this hypothesis, when herbivores reduce the abundance (biomass, cover) of dominant species (for example, because the dominant plant is palatable), additional resources become available to support new species, thereby increasing biodiversity. By contrast, if herbivores promote high dominance by increasing the abundance of herbivory-resistant, unpalatable species, then resource availability for other species decreases reducing biodiversity. We show that herbivore-induced change in dominance, independent of site productivity or precipitation (a proxy for productivity), is the best predictor of herbivore effects on biodiversity in grassland and savannah sites. Given that most herbaceous ecosystems are dominated by one or a few species, altering the competitive environment via herbivores or by other means may be an effective strategy for conserving biodiversity in grasslands and savannahs globally.
Fil: Koerner, Sally E.. University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Department of Biology; Estados Unidos
Fil: Smith, Melinda D.. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Fil: Burkepile, Deron E.. University of California; Estados Unidos
Fil: Hanan, Niall P.. New Mexico State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Avolio, Meghan L.. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unidos
Fil: Collins, Scott L.. University of New Mexico; Estados Unidos
Fil: Knapp, Alan K.. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Fil: Lemoine, Nathan P.. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Fil: Forrestel, Elisabeth J.. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos
Fil: Eby, Stephanie. Northeastern University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Thompson, Dave I.. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica. Kruger National Park. South African Environmental Observation Network. Ndlovu Node. Scientific Services; Sudáfrica
Fil: Aguado-Santacruz, Gerardo A.. Tecnológico Nacional de México; México
Fil: Anderson, John P.. New Mexico State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Anderson, T. Michael. University Wake Forest; Estados Unidos
Fil: Angassa, Ayana. Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources; Sudáfrica. Hawassa University; Etiopía
Fil: Bagchi, Sumanta. Indian Institute of Science; India
Fil: Bakker, Elisabeth S.. Netherlands Institute of Ecology; Países Bajos
Fil: Bastin, Gary. Alice Springs; Australia
Fil: Baur, Lauren E.. University of New Mexico; Estados Unidos
Fil: Beard, Karen H.. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos
Fil: Beever, Erik A.. United States Geological Survey; Estados Unidos. State University of Montana; Estados Unidos
Fil: Bohlen, Patrick J.. University of Central Florida; Estados Unidos
Fil: Boughton, Elizabeth H.. MacArthur Agroecology Research Center; Estados Unidos
Fil: Canestro, Don. University of California; Estados Unidos
Fil: Cesa, Ariela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina
Fil: Chaneton, Enrique Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina
Fil: Cheng, Jimin. Northwest A&F University; China
Fil: D?Antonio, Carla M.. University of California; Estados Unidos
Fil: Deleglise, Claire. Université Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Dembélé, Fadiala. Institut de Formation et de Recherche Appliquee; Sudáfrica
Fil: Dorrough, Josh. Ecosystem Mangement Science; Austria
Fil: Eldridge, David J.. University of New South Wales; Australia
Fil: Fernandez Going, Barbara. University of Texas at Austin; Estados Unidos
Fil: Fernández Lugo, Silvia. Universidad de La Laguna; España
Fil: Fraser, Lauchlan H.. Thompson Rivers University; Canadá
Fil: Freedman, Bill. Dalhousie University Halifax; Canadá
Fil: García Salgado, Gonzalo. Dalhousie University Halifax; Canadá
Fil: Goheen, Jacob R.. University of Wyoming; Estados Unidos
Fil: Guo, Liang. Northwest A&F University; China
Fil: Husheer, Sean. New Zealand Forest Surveys; Nueva Zelanda
Fil: Karembé, Moussa. Université des Sciences; Malí
Fil: Knops, Johannes M. H.. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kraaij, Tineke. Nelson Mandela University; Sudáfrica
Fil: Kulmatiski, Andrew. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos
Fil: Kytöviita, Minna Maarit. Universidad de Jyvaskyla; Finlandia
Fil: Lezama, Felipe. Universidad de la República; Uruguay
Fil: Loucougaray, Gregory. Université Grenoble Alpes; Francia
Fil: Loydi, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina
Fil: Milchunas, Dan G.. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados Unidos
Fil: Milton, Suzanne J.. South African Environmental Observation Network; Sudáfrica
Fil: Morgan, John W.. La Trobe University; Australia
Fil: Moxham, Claire. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research; Australia
Fil: Nehring, Kyle C.. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos
Fil: Olff, Han. University of Groningen; Países Bajos
Fil: Palmer, Todd M.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos
Fil: Rebollo, Salvador. Universidad de Alcalá; España
Fil: Riginos, Corinna. The Nature Conservancy; Estados Unidos
Fil: Risch, Anita C.. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research; Suiza
Fil: Rueda, Marta. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Estación Biológica de Doñana; España
Fil: Sankaran, Mahesh. National Centre For Biological Sciences; India. University of Leeds; Reino Unido
Fil: Sasaki, Takehiro. Yokohama National University; Japón
Fil: Schoenecker, Kathryn A.. Fort Collins Science Center and Colorado State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Schultz, Nick L.. Federation University; Australia
Fil: Schütz, Martin. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research; Suiza
Fil: Schwabe, Angelika. Universitat Technische Darmstadt; Alemania
Fil: Siebert, Frances. North West University; Sudáfrica
Fil: Smit, Christian. University of Groningen; Países Bajos
Fil: Stahlheber, Karen A.. University of Wisconsin Green Bay; Estados Unidos
Fil: Storm, Christian. Universitat Technische Darmstadt; Alemania
Fil: Strong, Dustin J.. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Research Service; Estados Unidos
Fil: Su, Jishuai. Northwest A&F University; China
Fil: Tiruvaimozhi, Yadugiri V.. National Centre for Biological Sciences; India
Fil: Tyler, Claudia. University of California; Estados Unidos
Fil: Val, James. Office of Environment and Heritage; Australia
Fil: Vandegehuchte, Martijn L.. University of Ghent; Bélgica. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research; Suiza
Fil: Veblen, Kari E.. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos
Fil: Vermeire, Lance T.. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Research Service; Estados Unidos
Fil: Ward, David. Kent State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Wu, Jianshuang. Lhasa National Ecological Research Station; China
Fil: Young, Truman P.. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos. Mpala Research Centre; Kenia
Fil: Yu, Qiang. Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; China. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning; China
Fil: Zelikova, Tamara Jane. University Of Wyoming; . University of Wyoming; Estados Unidos