Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age
- Autores
- Edworthy, Amanda B.; Trzcinski, M. Kurtis; Cockle, Kristina Louise; Wiebe, Karen L.; Martin, Kathy
- Año de publicación
- 2018
- Idioma
- inglés
- Tipo de recurso
- artículo
- Estado
- versión publicada
- Descripción
- Cavity-nesting birds and mammals exhibit species-specific nest-site selection for tree characteristics and cavity dimensions. Although trees and their cavities change as they age, with trees becoming softer and cavities becoming larger, it is not known how their value as nesting resources varies with age. In the context of wildlife and forest management, we investigated the relative value of generating a supply of fresh cavities, which are thought to be of high quality, versus protecting cavities as they age and expand in interior volume. For 21 years (1995–2016), we monitored the formation and occupancy of tree cavities used by >30 species of birds and mammals in interior British Columbia, Canada. Cavity occupancy by secondary users was highest 1 year post-excavation (53%), then declined to 40% after 2 years, remained at 33 ± 7% (SD) between 3 and 16 years of age, and increased to 50% use from 17–20 years post-excavation. Excavators that reused cavities (woodpeckers [Picidae], nuthatches [Sitta spp.]) strongly selected 1- and 2-year-old cavities, large-bodied non-excavators (ducks, raptors, squirrels) selected mid-aged cavities, and mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) selected most strongly for the oldest cavities. Cavities created in living aspen trees (Populus spp.), especially those excavated by northern flickers (Colaptes auratus), maintained high occupancy by secondary users across cavity age, and provided the bulk of cavities used in this system. Altogether, these results show that a diverse excavator community is needed to generate a supply of fresh cavities in the ecosystem, and retention of the mid-aged and older cavities will help support larger species.
Fil: Edworthy, Amanda B.. Washington State University; Estados Unidos
Fil: Trzcinski, M. Kurtis. Center For Applied Conservation Research; Canadá
Fil: Cockle, Kristina Louise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentina
Fil: Wiebe, Karen L.. University of Saskatchewan; Canadá
Fil: Martin, Kathy. Environment and Climate Change Canada; Canadá - Materia
-
Cavity-Nesting Bird
Forest Management
Habitat Complexity
Keystone Resource
Nesting Habitat
Tree Cavity
Tree Hollow
Woodpecker - Nivel de accesibilidad
- acceso abierto
- Condiciones de uso
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
- Repositorio
- Institución
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- OAI Identificador
- oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/50973
Ver los metadatos del registro completo
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Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity ageEdworthy, Amanda B.Trzcinski, M. KurtisCockle, Kristina LouiseWiebe, Karen L.Martin, KathyCavity-Nesting BirdForest ManagementHabitat ComplexityKeystone ResourceNesting HabitatTree CavityTree HollowWoodpeckerhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Cavity-nesting birds and mammals exhibit species-specific nest-site selection for tree characteristics and cavity dimensions. Although trees and their cavities change as they age, with trees becoming softer and cavities becoming larger, it is not known how their value as nesting resources varies with age. In the context of wildlife and forest management, we investigated the relative value of generating a supply of fresh cavities, which are thought to be of high quality, versus protecting cavities as they age and expand in interior volume. For 21 years (1995–2016), we monitored the formation and occupancy of tree cavities used by >30 species of birds and mammals in interior British Columbia, Canada. Cavity occupancy by secondary users was highest 1 year post-excavation (53%), then declined to 40% after 2 years, remained at 33 ± 7% (SD) between 3 and 16 years of age, and increased to 50% use from 17–20 years post-excavation. Excavators that reused cavities (woodpeckers [Picidae], nuthatches [Sitta spp.]) strongly selected 1- and 2-year-old cavities, large-bodied non-excavators (ducks, raptors, squirrels) selected mid-aged cavities, and mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) selected most strongly for the oldest cavities. Cavities created in living aspen trees (Populus spp.), especially those excavated by northern flickers (Colaptes auratus), maintained high occupancy by secondary users across cavity age, and provided the bulk of cavities used in this system. Altogether, these results show that a diverse excavator community is needed to generate a supply of fresh cavities in the ecosystem, and retention of the mid-aged and older cavities will help support larger species.Fil: Edworthy, Amanda B.. Washington State University; Estados UnidosFil: Trzcinski, M. Kurtis. Center For Applied Conservation Research; CanadáFil: Cockle, Kristina Louise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Wiebe, Karen L.. University of Saskatchewan; CanadáFil: Martin, Kathy. Environment and Climate Change Canada; CanadáWildlife Society2018-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/50973Edworthy, Amanda B.; Trzcinski, M. Kurtis; Cockle, Kristina Louise; Wiebe, Karen L.; Martin, Kathy; Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age; Wildlife Society; Journal of Wildlife Management; 82; 3; 4-2018; 639-6480022-541XCONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.21398info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/jwmg.21398info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-03T09:43:59Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/50973instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-03 09:43:59.345CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
title |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
spellingShingle |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age Edworthy, Amanda B. Cavity-Nesting Bird Forest Management Habitat Complexity Keystone Resource Nesting Habitat Tree Cavity Tree Hollow Woodpecker |
title_short |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
title_full |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
title_fullStr |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
title_sort |
Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Edworthy, Amanda B. Trzcinski, M. Kurtis Cockle, Kristina Louise Wiebe, Karen L. Martin, Kathy |
author |
Edworthy, Amanda B. |
author_facet |
Edworthy, Amanda B. Trzcinski, M. Kurtis Cockle, Kristina Louise Wiebe, Karen L. Martin, Kathy |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Trzcinski, M. Kurtis Cockle, Kristina Louise Wiebe, Karen L. Martin, Kathy |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Cavity-Nesting Bird Forest Management Habitat Complexity Keystone Resource Nesting Habitat Tree Cavity Tree Hollow Woodpecker |
topic |
Cavity-Nesting Bird Forest Management Habitat Complexity Keystone Resource Nesting Habitat Tree Cavity Tree Hollow Woodpecker |
purl_subject.fl_str_mv |
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1 |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Cavity-nesting birds and mammals exhibit species-specific nest-site selection for tree characteristics and cavity dimensions. Although trees and their cavities change as they age, with trees becoming softer and cavities becoming larger, it is not known how their value as nesting resources varies with age. In the context of wildlife and forest management, we investigated the relative value of generating a supply of fresh cavities, which are thought to be of high quality, versus protecting cavities as they age and expand in interior volume. For 21 years (1995–2016), we monitored the formation and occupancy of tree cavities used by >30 species of birds and mammals in interior British Columbia, Canada. Cavity occupancy by secondary users was highest 1 year post-excavation (53%), then declined to 40% after 2 years, remained at 33 ± 7% (SD) between 3 and 16 years of age, and increased to 50% use from 17–20 years post-excavation. Excavators that reused cavities (woodpeckers [Picidae], nuthatches [Sitta spp.]) strongly selected 1- and 2-year-old cavities, large-bodied non-excavators (ducks, raptors, squirrels) selected mid-aged cavities, and mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) selected most strongly for the oldest cavities. Cavities created in living aspen trees (Populus spp.), especially those excavated by northern flickers (Colaptes auratus), maintained high occupancy by secondary users across cavity age, and provided the bulk of cavities used in this system. Altogether, these results show that a diverse excavator community is needed to generate a supply of fresh cavities in the ecosystem, and retention of the mid-aged and older cavities will help support larger species. Fil: Edworthy, Amanda B.. Washington State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Trzcinski, M. Kurtis. Center For Applied Conservation Research; Canadá Fil: Cockle, Kristina Louise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentina Fil: Wiebe, Karen L.. University of Saskatchewan; Canadá Fil: Martin, Kathy. Environment and Climate Change Canada; Canadá |
description |
Cavity-nesting birds and mammals exhibit species-specific nest-site selection for tree characteristics and cavity dimensions. Although trees and their cavities change as they age, with trees becoming softer and cavities becoming larger, it is not known how their value as nesting resources varies with age. In the context of wildlife and forest management, we investigated the relative value of generating a supply of fresh cavities, which are thought to be of high quality, versus protecting cavities as they age and expand in interior volume. For 21 years (1995–2016), we monitored the formation and occupancy of tree cavities used by >30 species of birds and mammals in interior British Columbia, Canada. Cavity occupancy by secondary users was highest 1 year post-excavation (53%), then declined to 40% after 2 years, remained at 33 ± 7% (SD) between 3 and 16 years of age, and increased to 50% use from 17–20 years post-excavation. Excavators that reused cavities (woodpeckers [Picidae], nuthatches [Sitta spp.]) strongly selected 1- and 2-year-old cavities, large-bodied non-excavators (ducks, raptors, squirrels) selected mid-aged cavities, and mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) selected most strongly for the oldest cavities. Cavities created in living aspen trees (Populus spp.), especially those excavated by northern flickers (Colaptes auratus), maintained high occupancy by secondary users across cavity age, and provided the bulk of cavities used in this system. Altogether, these results show that a diverse excavator community is needed to generate a supply of fresh cavities in the ecosystem, and retention of the mid-aged and older cavities will help support larger species. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-04 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/50973 Edworthy, Amanda B.; Trzcinski, M. Kurtis; Cockle, Kristina Louise; Wiebe, Karen L.; Martin, Kathy; Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age; Wildlife Society; Journal of Wildlife Management; 82; 3; 4-2018; 639-648 0022-541X CONICET Digital CONICET |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/50973 |
identifier_str_mv |
Edworthy, Amanda B.; Trzcinski, M. Kurtis; Cockle, Kristina Louise; Wiebe, Karen L.; Martin, Kathy; Tree cavity occupancy by nesting vertebrates across cavity age; Wildlife Society; Journal of Wildlife Management; 82; 3; 4-2018; 639-648 0022-541X CONICET Digital CONICET |
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.21398 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/jwmg.21398 |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/ |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Wildlife Society |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Wildlife Society |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET) instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
reponame_str |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
collection |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) |
instname_str |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar |
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1842268637350592512 |
score |
13.13397 |