Response of benthic fauna to experimental bottom fishing: A global meta-analysis

• Autores: Sciberras, Marija; Hiddink, Jan Geert; Jennings, Simon; Szostek, Claire L.; Hughes, Kathryn M.; Kneafsey, Brian; Clarke, Leo J.; Ellis, Nick; Rijnsdorp, Adriaan D.; McConnaughey, Robert A.; Hilborn, Ray; Collie, Jeremy S.; Pitcher, Clifford Roland; Amoroso, Ricardo Oscar; Parma, Ana María; Suuronen, Petri; Kaiser, Michel J.
• Año de publicación: 2018
• Idioma: inglés
• Tipo de recurso: artículo
• Materia: DREDGING; EFFECTS OF TRAWLING; FISHING IMPACTS; INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS
• Institución: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Bottom-contact fishing gears are globally the most widespread anthropogenic sources of direct disturbance to the seabed and associated biota. Managing these fishing disturbances requires quantification of gear impacts on biota and the rate of recovery following disturbance. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of 122 experiments on the effects-of-bottom fishing to quantify the removal of benthos in the path of the fishing gear and to estimate rates of recovery following disturbance. A gear pass reduced benthic invertebrate abundance by 26% and species richness by 19%. The effect was strongly gear-specific, with gears that penetrate deeper into the sediment having a significantly larger impact than those that penetrate less. Sediment composition (% mud and presence of biogenic habitat) and the history of fishing disturbance prior to an experimental fishing event were also important predictors of depletion, with communities in areas that were not previously fished, predominantly muddy or biogenic habitats being more strongly affected by fishing. Sessile and low mobility biota with longer life-spans such as sponges, soft corals and bivalves took much longer to recover after fishing (>3 year) than mobile biota with shorter life-spans such as polychaetes and malacostracans (<1 year). This meta-analysis provides insights into the dynamics of recovery. Our estimates of depletion along with estimates of recovery rates and large-scale, high-resolution maps of fishing frequency and habitat will support more rigorous assessment of the environmental impacts of bottom-contact gears, thus supporting better informed choices in trade-offs between environmental impacts and fish production.
Fil: Sciberras, Marija. Bangor University;
Fil: Hiddink, Jan Geert. Bangor University;
Fil: Jennings, Simon. University of East Anglia; Reino Unido. Centre For The Environment Fisheries And Aquaculture Science; . International Council For The Exploration Of The Sea (ices);
Fil: Szostek, Claire L. Bangor University;
Fil: Hughes, Kathryn M. Bangor University;
Fil: Kneafsey, Brian. Bangor University;
Fil: Clarke, Leo J. Bournemouth University;
Fil: Ellis, Nick. Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization Oceans And Atmosphere; Australia
Fil: Rijnsdorp, Adriaan D. Wageningen University And Research Centre;
Fil: McConnaughey, Robert A. Noaa National Marine Fisheries Service Northwest Regional Office;
Fil: Hilborn, Ray. University Of Washington, Seattle;
Fil: Collie, Jeremy S. University Of Rhode Island;
Fil: Pitcher, C. Roland. Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization Oceans And Atmosphere; Australia
Fil: Amoroso, Ricardo O. University Of Washington, Seattle;
Fil: Parma, Ana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina
Fil: Suuronen, Petri. Food And Agriculture Organization Of The United Nations;
Fil: Kaiser, Michel J. Bangor University;