Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35

Autores
Torres, Andrea Fabiana; Cidale, Lydia Sonia; Kraus, M.; Arias, María Laura; Barba, Rodolfo Hector; Maravelias, G.; Borges Fernandes, M.
Año de publicación
2018
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Context. B[e] supergiants are massive post-main-sequence stars, surrounded by a complex circumstellar environment where moleculesand dust can survive. The shape in which the material is distributed around these objects and its dynamics as well as the mechanismsthat give rise to these structures are not well understood.Aims. The aim of this work is to deepen our knowledge of the structure and kinematics of the circumstellar disc of the B[e] supergiantLHA 120-S 35.Methods. High-resolution optical spectra were obtained in three different years. Forbidden emission lines, that contribute to trace thedisc at different distances from the star, are modelled in order to determine the kinematical properties of their line-forming regions,assuming Keplerian rotation. In addition, we used low-resolution near-infrared spectra to explore the variability of molecular emission.Results. LHA 120-S 35 displays an evident spectral variability in both optical and infrared regions. The P-Cygni line profiles of H i,as well as those of Fe ii and O i, suggest the presence of a strong bipolar clumped wind. We distinguish density enhancements in theP-Cygni absorption component of the first Balmer lines, which show variations in both velocity and strength. The P-Cygni profileemission component is double-peaked, indicating the presence of a rotating circumstellar disc surrounding the star. We also observeline-profile variations in the permitted and forbidden features of Fe ii and O i. In the infrared, we detect variations in the intensity ofthe H i emission lines as well as in the emission of the CO band-heads. Moreover, we find that the profiles of each [Ca ii] and [O i]emission lines contain contributions from spatially different (complete or partial) rings. Globally, we find evidence of detached multi-ring structures, revealing density variations along the disc. We identify an inner ring, with sharp edge, where [Ca ii] and [O i] linesshare their forming region with the CO molecular bands. The outermost regions show a complex structure, outlined by fragmentedclumps or partial-ring features of Ca ii and O i. Additionally, we observe variations in the profiles of the only visible absorptionfeatures, the He i lines.Conclusions. We suggest that LHA 120-S 35 has passed through the red-supergiant (RSG) phase and evolves back bluewards in theHertzsprung-Russell diagram. In this scenario, the formation of the complex circumstellar structure could be the result of the wind-wind interactions of the post-RSG wind with the previously ejected material from the RSG. The accumulation of material in thecircumstellar environment could be attributed to enhanced mass-loss, probably triggered by stellar pulsations. However, the presenceof a binary companion can not be excluded. Finally, we find that LHA 120-S 35 is the third B[e] supergiant belonging to a youngstellar cluster.
Fil: Torres, Andrea Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina
Fil: Cidale, Lydia Sonia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina
Fil: Kraus, M.. Tartu Observatory, Estonia; Estonia. Astronomický Ústav, Akademie Ved Ceské Republiky; República Checa
Fil: Arias, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina
Fil: Barba, Rodolfo Hector. Universidad de La Serena; Chile
Fil: Maravelias, G.. Universidad de Valparaiso; Chile. Astronomický Ústav, Akademie Ved Ceské Republiky; República Checa
Fil: Borges Fernandes, M.. Ministério de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacao. Observatorio Nacional; Brasil
Materia
Stars: individual: LHA 120-S 35
Stars: supergiants
Stars : peculiar
Stars: massive
Circumstellar matter
Magellanic Clouds
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/96351

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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35Torres, Andrea FabianaCidale, Lydia SoniaKraus, M.Arias, María LauraBarba, Rodolfo HectorMaravelias, G.Borges Fernandes, M.Stars: individual: LHA 120-S 35Stars: supergiantsStars : peculiarStars: massiveCircumstellar matterMagellanic Cloudshttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Context. B[e] supergiants are massive post-main-sequence stars, surrounded by a complex circumstellar environment where moleculesand dust can survive. The shape in which the material is distributed around these objects and its dynamics as well as the mechanismsthat give rise to these structures are not well understood.Aims. The aim of this work is to deepen our knowledge of the structure and kinematics of the circumstellar disc of the B[e] supergiantLHA 120-S 35.Methods. High-resolution optical spectra were obtained in three different years. Forbidden emission lines, that contribute to trace thedisc at different distances from the star, are modelled in order to determine the kinematical properties of their line-forming regions,assuming Keplerian rotation. In addition, we used low-resolution near-infrared spectra to explore the variability of molecular emission.Results. LHA 120-S 35 displays an evident spectral variability in both optical and infrared regions. The P-Cygni line profiles of H i,as well as those of Fe ii and O i, suggest the presence of a strong bipolar clumped wind. We distinguish density enhancements in theP-Cygni absorption component of the first Balmer lines, which show variations in both velocity and strength. The P-Cygni profileemission component is double-peaked, indicating the presence of a rotating circumstellar disc surrounding the star. We also observeline-profile variations in the permitted and forbidden features of Fe ii and O i. In the infrared, we detect variations in the intensity ofthe H i emission lines as well as in the emission of the CO band-heads. Moreover, we find that the profiles of each [Ca ii] and [O i]emission lines contain contributions from spatially different (complete or partial) rings. Globally, we find evidence of detached multi-ring structures, revealing density variations along the disc. We identify an inner ring, with sharp edge, where [Ca ii] and [O i] linesshare their forming region with the CO molecular bands. The outermost regions show a complex structure, outlined by fragmentedclumps or partial-ring features of Ca ii and O i. Additionally, we observe variations in the profiles of the only visible absorptionfeatures, the He i lines.Conclusions. We suggest that LHA 120-S 35 has passed through the red-supergiant (RSG) phase and evolves back bluewards in theHertzsprung-Russell diagram. In this scenario, the formation of the complex circumstellar structure could be the result of the wind-wind interactions of the post-RSG wind with the previously ejected material from the RSG. The accumulation of material in thecircumstellar environment could be attributed to enhanced mass-loss, probably triggered by stellar pulsations. However, the presenceof a binary companion can not be excluded. Finally, we find that LHA 120-S 35 is the third B[e] supergiant belonging to a youngstellar cluster.Fil: Torres, Andrea Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Cidale, Lydia Sonia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Kraus, M.. Tartu Observatory, Estonia; Estonia. Astronomický Ústav, Akademie Ved Ceské Republiky; República ChecaFil: Arias, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Barba, Rodolfo Hector. Universidad de La Serena; ChileFil: Maravelias, G.. Universidad de Valparaiso; Chile. Astronomický Ústav, Akademie Ved Ceské Republiky; República ChecaFil: Borges Fernandes, M.. Ministério de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacao. Observatorio Nacional; BrasilEDP Sciences2018-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/96351Torres, Andrea Fabiana; Cidale, Lydia Sonia; Kraus, M.; Arias, María Laura; Barba, Rodolfo Hector; et al.; Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35; EDP Sciences; Astronomy and Astrophysics; 612; 5-2018; 1-170004-6361CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731723info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1051/0004-6361/201731723info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.09759info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2025-09-29T09:59:12Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/96351instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982025-09-29 09:59:12.877CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
title Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
spellingShingle Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
Torres, Andrea Fabiana
Stars: individual: LHA 120-S 35
Stars: supergiants
Stars : peculiar
Stars: massive
Circumstellar matter
Magellanic Clouds
title_short Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
title_full Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
title_fullStr Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
title_full_unstemmed Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
title_sort Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Torres, Andrea Fabiana
Cidale, Lydia Sonia
Kraus, M.
Arias, María Laura
Barba, Rodolfo Hector
Maravelias, G.
Borges Fernandes, M.
author Torres, Andrea Fabiana
author_facet Torres, Andrea Fabiana
Cidale, Lydia Sonia
Kraus, M.
Arias, María Laura
Barba, Rodolfo Hector
Maravelias, G.
Borges Fernandes, M.
author_role author
author2 Cidale, Lydia Sonia
Kraus, M.
Arias, María Laura
Barba, Rodolfo Hector
Maravelias, G.
Borges Fernandes, M.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Stars: individual: LHA 120-S 35
Stars: supergiants
Stars : peculiar
Stars: massive
Circumstellar matter
Magellanic Clouds
topic Stars: individual: LHA 120-S 35
Stars: supergiants
Stars : peculiar
Stars: massive
Circumstellar matter
Magellanic Clouds
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Context. B[e] supergiants are massive post-main-sequence stars, surrounded by a complex circumstellar environment where moleculesand dust can survive. The shape in which the material is distributed around these objects and its dynamics as well as the mechanismsthat give rise to these structures are not well understood.Aims. The aim of this work is to deepen our knowledge of the structure and kinematics of the circumstellar disc of the B[e] supergiantLHA 120-S 35.Methods. High-resolution optical spectra were obtained in three different years. Forbidden emission lines, that contribute to trace thedisc at different distances from the star, are modelled in order to determine the kinematical properties of their line-forming regions,assuming Keplerian rotation. In addition, we used low-resolution near-infrared spectra to explore the variability of molecular emission.Results. LHA 120-S 35 displays an evident spectral variability in both optical and infrared regions. The P-Cygni line profiles of H i,as well as those of Fe ii and O i, suggest the presence of a strong bipolar clumped wind. We distinguish density enhancements in theP-Cygni absorption component of the first Balmer lines, which show variations in both velocity and strength. The P-Cygni profileemission component is double-peaked, indicating the presence of a rotating circumstellar disc surrounding the star. We also observeline-profile variations in the permitted and forbidden features of Fe ii and O i. In the infrared, we detect variations in the intensity ofthe H i emission lines as well as in the emission of the CO band-heads. Moreover, we find that the profiles of each [Ca ii] and [O i]emission lines contain contributions from spatially different (complete or partial) rings. Globally, we find evidence of detached multi-ring structures, revealing density variations along the disc. We identify an inner ring, with sharp edge, where [Ca ii] and [O i] linesshare their forming region with the CO molecular bands. The outermost regions show a complex structure, outlined by fragmentedclumps or partial-ring features of Ca ii and O i. Additionally, we observe variations in the profiles of the only visible absorptionfeatures, the He i lines.Conclusions. We suggest that LHA 120-S 35 has passed through the red-supergiant (RSG) phase and evolves back bluewards in theHertzsprung-Russell diagram. In this scenario, the formation of the complex circumstellar structure could be the result of the wind-wind interactions of the post-RSG wind with the previously ejected material from the RSG. The accumulation of material in thecircumstellar environment could be attributed to enhanced mass-loss, probably triggered by stellar pulsations. However, the presenceof a binary companion can not be excluded. Finally, we find that LHA 120-S 35 is the third B[e] supergiant belonging to a youngstellar cluster.
Fil: Torres, Andrea Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina
Fil: Cidale, Lydia Sonia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina
Fil: Kraus, M.. Tartu Observatory, Estonia; Estonia. Astronomický Ústav, Akademie Ved Ceské Republiky; República Checa
Fil: Arias, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina
Fil: Barba, Rodolfo Hector. Universidad de La Serena; Chile
Fil: Maravelias, G.. Universidad de Valparaiso; Chile. Astronomický Ústav, Akademie Ved Ceské Republiky; República Checa
Fil: Borges Fernandes, M.. Ministério de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacao. Observatorio Nacional; Brasil
description Context. B[e] supergiants are massive post-main-sequence stars, surrounded by a complex circumstellar environment where moleculesand dust can survive. The shape in which the material is distributed around these objects and its dynamics as well as the mechanismsthat give rise to these structures are not well understood.Aims. The aim of this work is to deepen our knowledge of the structure and kinematics of the circumstellar disc of the B[e] supergiantLHA 120-S 35.Methods. High-resolution optical spectra were obtained in three different years. Forbidden emission lines, that contribute to trace thedisc at different distances from the star, are modelled in order to determine the kinematical properties of their line-forming regions,assuming Keplerian rotation. In addition, we used low-resolution near-infrared spectra to explore the variability of molecular emission.Results. LHA 120-S 35 displays an evident spectral variability in both optical and infrared regions. The P-Cygni line profiles of H i,as well as those of Fe ii and O i, suggest the presence of a strong bipolar clumped wind. We distinguish density enhancements in theP-Cygni absorption component of the first Balmer lines, which show variations in both velocity and strength. The P-Cygni profileemission component is double-peaked, indicating the presence of a rotating circumstellar disc surrounding the star. We also observeline-profile variations in the permitted and forbidden features of Fe ii and O i. In the infrared, we detect variations in the intensity ofthe H i emission lines as well as in the emission of the CO band-heads. Moreover, we find that the profiles of each [Ca ii] and [O i]emission lines contain contributions from spatially different (complete or partial) rings. Globally, we find evidence of detached multi-ring structures, revealing density variations along the disc. We identify an inner ring, with sharp edge, where [Ca ii] and [O i] linesshare their forming region with the CO molecular bands. The outermost regions show a complex structure, outlined by fragmentedclumps or partial-ring features of Ca ii and O i. Additionally, we observe variations in the profiles of the only visible absorptionfeatures, the He i lines.Conclusions. We suggest that LHA 120-S 35 has passed through the red-supergiant (RSG) phase and evolves back bluewards in theHertzsprung-Russell diagram. In this scenario, the formation of the complex circumstellar structure could be the result of the wind-wind interactions of the post-RSG wind with the previously ejected material from the RSG. The accumulation of material in thecircumstellar environment could be attributed to enhanced mass-loss, probably triggered by stellar pulsations. However, the presenceof a binary companion can not be excluded. Finally, we find that LHA 120-S 35 is the third B[e] supergiant belonging to a youngstellar cluster.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-05
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/96351
Torres, Andrea Fabiana; Cidale, Lydia Sonia; Kraus, M.; Arias, María Laura; Barba, Rodolfo Hector; et al.; Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35; EDP Sciences; Astronomy and Astrophysics; 612; 5-2018; 1-17
0004-6361
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/96351
identifier_str_mv Torres, Andrea Fabiana; Cidale, Lydia Sonia; Kraus, M.; Arias, María Laura; Barba, Rodolfo Hector; et al.; Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35; EDP Sciences; Astronomy and Astrophysics; 612; 5-2018; 1-17
0004-6361
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1051/0004-6361/201731723
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.09759
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
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reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
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instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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