First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina

Autores
Noelting, M.C.; Molina, M.C.; Mónaco, Cecilia Inés; Sandoval, M.C.; Perelló, Analía
Año de publicación
2012
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión enviada
Descripción
Amaranth is an ancient crop originating in the Americas that can be used as a high-protein grain (12-17%) or as a leafy vegetable, and has potential as a forage crop (Putnamet al.,1989). Grain amaranth species have been important in different parts of the world and at different times for several thousand years (Meyers & Putnam, 1988). At the end of December 2009 the presence of discoloured panicles and seeds of amaranth (Amaranthus caudatusssp.mantegazzianus) was recorded at the Instituto Fitotécnico of Santa Catalina, Llavallol locality, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Up to 100% of the surface area of seeds was affected by the disease (Fig. 1). Fungal isolates with morphological characteristics similar to those ofA. infectoriawere collected from diseased grains and cultured on potato carrot agar (PCA) medium, then incubated at 20 ± 2 °C under a light/dark cycle (12/12 h). After seven days, light grey coloured colonies reaching 35 mm in diameter were observed. Conidia were formed on the surface of the agar. The average conidial size on PCA was 32-40 x 9.6 µm with a conidial beak length of 16-48 µm, and four transverse septa. The presence of a longitudinal septum was recorded in 18% of the conidia with 2% having two partitions (Fig. 2). In general, these measurements are within the size range determined by Simmons (2007) forA. infectoria. An isolate (CN-2364) was evaluated for its pathogenicity by spraying a suspension of conidia (1 x 105spores/ml) on 400 surface-sterilised and healthy seeds and panicles. Control panicles and seeds were sprayed only with water. The inoculated panicles and seeds were placed on moistened cotton and paper in plastic trays (22 x 12 x 8 cm) and incubated in growth chambers at 20 ± 2 °C with an 8 h photoperiod for seven days. After this period, discolouration similar to the original symptoms developed on the inoculated panicles and seeds. In addition, a high proportion of abnormal seedlings sprouting from the inoculated seeds displayed swollen roots, folded cotyledons, or stunted roots (Fig. 3). In the case of inoculated panicles, the entire destruction of the axes was observed. No symptoms were observed on non-inoculated panicles or seeds. Koch´s postulates were confirmed by re-isolation ofA. infectoriafrom the infected material. The culture has been deposited at the La Plata Spegazzini Colección de Cultivos under accession number 1077. There are previous reports ofAlternariaspecies(A. alternataandA. chlamydospora) associated with discolouration of amaranth seeds (Noeltinget al., 2009a, 2009b) but to our knowledge, this is the first documented report ofA. infectoriaaffecting panicles and seeds of amaranth in Argentina. To the authors' knowledge,A. infectoriahas not been detected in an amaranth crop at other localities.Alternaria infectoriahas been reported on wheat in Argentina (Perellóet al., 2007). This disease could significantly reduce the production and the quality of amaranth due to seed transmission and its possible effects on other plant parts.
Materia
Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
seed discoloration
fungal disease
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Repositorio
CIC Digital (CICBA)
Institución
Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires
OAI Identificador
oai:digital.cic.gba.gob.ar:11746/5623

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oai_identifier_str oai:digital.cic.gba.gob.ar:11746/5623
network_acronym_str CICBA
repository_id_str 9441
network_name_str CIC Digital (CICBA)
spelling First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in ArgentinaNoelting, M.C.Molina, M.C.Mónaco, Cecilia InésSandoval, M.C.Perelló, AnalíaCiencias Naturales y Exactasseed discolorationfungal diseaseAmaranth is an ancient crop originating in the Americas that can be used as a high-protein grain (12-17%) or as a leafy vegetable, and has potential as a forage crop (Putnam<em>et al.,</em>1989). Grain amaranth species have been important in different parts of the world and at different times for several thousand years (Meyers & Putnam, 1988). At the end of December 2009 the presence of discoloured panicles and seeds of amaranth (<em>Amaranthus caudatus</em>ssp.<em>mantegazzianus</em>) was recorded at the Instituto Fitotécnico of Santa Catalina, Llavallol locality, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Up to 100% of the surface area of seeds was affected by the disease (Fig. 1). Fungal isolates with morphological characteristics similar to those of<em>A. infectoria</em>were collected from diseased grains and cultured on potato carrot agar (PCA) medium, then incubated at 20 ± 2 °C under a light/dark cycle (12/12 h). After seven days, light grey coloured colonies reaching 35 mm in diameter were observed. Conidia were formed on the surface of the agar. The average conidial size on PCA was 32-40 x 9.6 µm with a conidial beak length of 16-48 µm, and four transverse septa. The presence of a longitudinal septum was recorded in 18% of the conidia with 2% having two partitions (Fig. 2). In general, these measurements are within the size range determined by Simmons (2007) for<em>A. infectoria</em>. An isolate (CN-2364) was evaluated for its pathogenicity by spraying a suspension of conidia (1 x 105spores/ml) on 400 surface-sterilised and healthy seeds and panicles. Control panicles and seeds were sprayed only with water. The inoculated panicles and seeds were placed on moistened cotton and paper in plastic trays (22 x 12 x 8 cm) and incubated in growth chambers at 20 ± 2 °C with an 8 h photoperiod for seven days. After this period, discolouration similar to the original symptoms developed on the inoculated panicles and seeds. In addition, a high proportion of abnormal seedlings sprouting from the inoculated seeds displayed swollen roots, folded cotyledons, or stunted roots (Fig. 3). In the case of inoculated panicles, the entire destruction of the axes was observed. No symptoms were observed on non-inoculated panicles or seeds. Koch´s postulates were confirmed by re-isolation of<em>A. infectoria</em>from the infected material. The culture has been deposited at the La Plata Spegazzini Colección de Cultivos under accession number 1077. There are previous reports of<em>Alternaria</em>species(<em>A. alternata</em>and<em>A. chlamydospora</em>) associated with discolouration of amaranth seeds (Noelting<em>et al.</em>, 2009a, 2009b) but to our knowledge, this is the first documented report of<em>A. infectoria</em>affecting panicles and seeds of amaranth in Argentina. To the authors' knowledge,<em>A. infectoria</em>has not been detected in an amaranth crop at other localities.<em>Alternaria infectoria</em>has been reported on wheat in Argentina (Perelló<em>et al</em>., 2007). This disease could significantly reduce the production and the quality of amaranth due to seed transmission and its possible effects on other plant parts.2012info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttps://digital.cic.gba.gob.ar/handle/11746/5623enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2012.025.011info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/reponame:CIC Digital (CICBA)instname:Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Airesinstacron:CICBA2025-09-29T13:39:56Zoai:digital.cic.gba.gob.ar:11746/5623Institucionalhttp://digital.cic.gba.gob.arOrganismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://digital.cic.gba.gob.ar/oai/snrdmarisa.degiusti@sedici.unlp.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:94412025-09-29 13:39:56.974CIC Digital (CICBA) - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Airesfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
title First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
spellingShingle First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
Noelting, M.C.
Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
seed discoloration
fungal disease
title_short First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
title_full First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
title_fullStr First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
title_full_unstemmed First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
title_sort First report of Alternaria infectoria on amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus) in Argentina
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Noelting, M.C.
Molina, M.C.
Mónaco, Cecilia Inés
Sandoval, M.C.
Perelló, Analía
author Noelting, M.C.
author_facet Noelting, M.C.
Molina, M.C.
Mónaco, Cecilia Inés
Sandoval, M.C.
Perelló, Analía
author_role author
author2 Molina, M.C.
Mónaco, Cecilia Inés
Sandoval, M.C.
Perelló, Analía
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
seed discoloration
fungal disease
topic Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
seed discoloration
fungal disease
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Amaranth is an ancient crop originating in the Americas that can be used as a high-protein grain (12-17%) or as a leafy vegetable, and has potential as a forage crop (Putnam<em>et al.,</em>1989). Grain amaranth species have been important in different parts of the world and at different times for several thousand years (Meyers & Putnam, 1988). At the end of December 2009 the presence of discoloured panicles and seeds of amaranth (<em>Amaranthus caudatus</em>ssp.<em>mantegazzianus</em>) was recorded at the Instituto Fitotécnico of Santa Catalina, Llavallol locality, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Up to 100% of the surface area of seeds was affected by the disease (Fig. 1). Fungal isolates with morphological characteristics similar to those of<em>A. infectoria</em>were collected from diseased grains and cultured on potato carrot agar (PCA) medium, then incubated at 20 ± 2 °C under a light/dark cycle (12/12 h). After seven days, light grey coloured colonies reaching 35 mm in diameter were observed. Conidia were formed on the surface of the agar. The average conidial size on PCA was 32-40 x 9.6 µm with a conidial beak length of 16-48 µm, and four transverse septa. The presence of a longitudinal septum was recorded in 18% of the conidia with 2% having two partitions (Fig. 2). In general, these measurements are within the size range determined by Simmons (2007) for<em>A. infectoria</em>. An isolate (CN-2364) was evaluated for its pathogenicity by spraying a suspension of conidia (1 x 105spores/ml) on 400 surface-sterilised and healthy seeds and panicles. Control panicles and seeds were sprayed only with water. The inoculated panicles and seeds were placed on moistened cotton and paper in plastic trays (22 x 12 x 8 cm) and incubated in growth chambers at 20 ± 2 °C with an 8 h photoperiod for seven days. After this period, discolouration similar to the original symptoms developed on the inoculated panicles and seeds. In addition, a high proportion of abnormal seedlings sprouting from the inoculated seeds displayed swollen roots, folded cotyledons, or stunted roots (Fig. 3). In the case of inoculated panicles, the entire destruction of the axes was observed. No symptoms were observed on non-inoculated panicles or seeds. Koch´s postulates were confirmed by re-isolation of<em>A. infectoria</em>from the infected material. The culture has been deposited at the La Plata Spegazzini Colección de Cultivos under accession number 1077. There are previous reports of<em>Alternaria</em>species(<em>A. alternata</em>and<em>A. chlamydospora</em>) associated with discolouration of amaranth seeds (Noelting<em>et al.</em>, 2009a, 2009b) but to our knowledge, this is the first documented report of<em>A. infectoria</em>affecting panicles and seeds of amaranth in Argentina. To the authors' knowledge,<em>A. infectoria</em>has not been detected in an amaranth crop at other localities.<em>Alternaria infectoria</em>has been reported on wheat in Argentina (Perelló<em>et al</em>., 2007). This disease could significantly reduce the production and the quality of amaranth due to seed transmission and its possible effects on other plant parts.
description Amaranth is an ancient crop originating in the Americas that can be used as a high-protein grain (12-17%) or as a leafy vegetable, and has potential as a forage crop (Putnam<em>et al.,</em>1989). Grain amaranth species have been important in different parts of the world and at different times for several thousand years (Meyers & Putnam, 1988). At the end of December 2009 the presence of discoloured panicles and seeds of amaranth (<em>Amaranthus caudatus</em>ssp.<em>mantegazzianus</em>) was recorded at the Instituto Fitotécnico of Santa Catalina, Llavallol locality, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Up to 100% of the surface area of seeds was affected by the disease (Fig. 1). Fungal isolates with morphological characteristics similar to those of<em>A. infectoria</em>were collected from diseased grains and cultured on potato carrot agar (PCA) medium, then incubated at 20 ± 2 °C under a light/dark cycle (12/12 h). After seven days, light grey coloured colonies reaching 35 mm in diameter were observed. Conidia were formed on the surface of the agar. The average conidial size on PCA was 32-40 x 9.6 µm with a conidial beak length of 16-48 µm, and four transverse septa. The presence of a longitudinal septum was recorded in 18% of the conidia with 2% having two partitions (Fig. 2). In general, these measurements are within the size range determined by Simmons (2007) for<em>A. infectoria</em>. An isolate (CN-2364) was evaluated for its pathogenicity by spraying a suspension of conidia (1 x 105spores/ml) on 400 surface-sterilised and healthy seeds and panicles. Control panicles and seeds were sprayed only with water. The inoculated panicles and seeds were placed on moistened cotton and paper in plastic trays (22 x 12 x 8 cm) and incubated in growth chambers at 20 ± 2 °C with an 8 h photoperiod for seven days. After this period, discolouration similar to the original symptoms developed on the inoculated panicles and seeds. In addition, a high proportion of abnormal seedlings sprouting from the inoculated seeds displayed swollen roots, folded cotyledons, or stunted roots (Fig. 3). In the case of inoculated panicles, the entire destruction of the axes was observed. No symptoms were observed on non-inoculated panicles or seeds. Koch´s postulates were confirmed by re-isolation of<em>A. infectoria</em>from the infected material. The culture has been deposited at the La Plata Spegazzini Colección de Cultivos under accession number 1077. There are previous reports of<em>Alternaria</em>species(<em>A. alternata</em>and<em>A. chlamydospora</em>) associated with discolouration of amaranth seeds (Noelting<em>et al.</em>, 2009a, 2009b) but to our knowledge, this is the first documented report of<em>A. infectoria</em>affecting panicles and seeds of amaranth in Argentina. To the authors' knowledge,<em>A. infectoria</em>has not been detected in an amaranth crop at other localities.<em>Alternaria infectoria</em>has been reported on wheat in Argentina (Perelló<em>et al</em>., 2007). This disease could significantly reduce the production and the quality of amaranth due to seed transmission and its possible effects on other plant parts.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://digital.cic.gba.gob.ar/handle/11746/5623
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instname:Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires
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instname_str Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv marisa.degiusti@sedici.unlp.edu.ar
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